Focusing of heat pulses along nonequilibrium nanowires

2009 ◽  
Vol 374 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jou ◽  
A. Sellitto
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pulses

Cell division and morphogenesis of Limnaea eggs after treatment with heat pulses at successive stages in early division cycles

Development ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-337
Author(s):  
W. L. M. Geilenkirchen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Produce Cell ◽  
Cleavage Cycle ◽  
Daughter Cells ◽  
Development And Differentiation ◽  
Heat Pulses

Cellular reproduction is related to a number of apparently independent processes of which the integrated results are bound to produce cell division. In eggs with determinate cleavage the results of division are daughter cells of a different prospective significance. It has been observed furthermore in Limnaea eggs that morphogenesis is related to periodically recurring cell activities in the first, second and third cleavage cycle (Geilenkirchen, 1964a, b). These activities of unknown nature are dissociable from the factors involved in cell division. Obviously in the course of one division cycle the egg discriminates between processes for the preparation of the next division and processes involved in morphogenesis and differentiation later on. The data published in this paper carry the notion that successive divisions represent well-defined steps of different significance for later development and differentiation.

Propagation of cold pulses and heat pulses in ASDEX Upgrade

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1917-1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Ryter ◽  
R Neu ◽  
R Dux ◽  
H.-U Fahrbach ◽  
F Leuterer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pulses

Measurement of Grinding Temperature Using Infrared Radiation Pyrometer With Optical Fiber

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ueda ◽  
A. Hosokawa ◽  
A. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Great Accuracy ◽  
Grinding Temperature ◽  
Radiation Pyrometer ◽  
Heat Pulses

The heat pulses produced by cutting grains in a workpiece were measured using an infrared radiation pyrometer connected by means of an optical fiber. The results obtained were compared with those from a thermocouple to investigate the effect of differences in response speed on the output. The I.R.P., using an InAs cell as a detector which has a response time in the order of μs, can detect heat pulses with great accuracy and its signal trace versus time has many sharp peaks. The thermocouple formed by spot welding is inferior in response speed, and less accurate in registering heat pulses.

Responses of primate SI cortical neurons to noxious stimuli

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1479-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Kenshalo ◽  
O. Isensee
Keyword(s):  
Receptive Field ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thermal Stimulation ◽  
Discharge Frequency ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Noxious Heat ◽  
Nociceptive Neurons ◽  
Heat Pulses

Recordings were made from single SI cortical neurons in the anesthetized macaque monkey. Each isolated cortical neuron was tested for responses to a standard series of mechanical stimuli. The stimuli included brushing the skin, pressure, and pinch. The majority of cortical neurons responded with the greatest discharge frequency to brushing the receptive field, but neurons were found in areas 3b and 1 that responded maximally to pinching the receptive field. A total of 68 cortical nociceptive neurons were examined in 10 animals. Cortical neurons that responded maximally to pinching the skin were also tested for responses to graded noxious heat pulses (from 35 to 43, 45, 47, and 50 degrees C). If the neuron failed to respond or only responded to 50 degrees C, the receptive field was also heated to temperatures of 53 and 55 degrees C. Fifty-six of the total population of nociceptive neurons were tested for responses to the complete series of noxious heat pulses: 46 (80%) exhibited a progressive increase in the discharge frequency as a function of stimulus intensity, and the spontaneous activity of two (4%) was inhibited. One population of cortical nociceptive neurons possessed restricted, contralateral receptive fields. These cells encoded the intensity of noxious mechanical and thermal stimulation. Sensitization of primary afferent nociceptors was reflected in the responses of SI cortical nociceptive neurons when the ascending series of noxious thermal stimulation was repeated. The population of cortical nociceptive neurons with restricted receptive fields exhibited no adaptation in the response during noxious heat pulses of 47 and 50 degrees C. At higher temperatures the response often continued to increase during the stimulus. The other population of cortical nociceptive neurons was found to have restricted, low-threshold receptive fields on the contralateral hindlimb and, in addition, could be activated only by intense pinching or noxious thermal stimuli delivered on any portion of the body. The stimulus-response functions obtained from noxious thermal stimulation of the contralateral hindlimb were not different from cortical nociceptive neurons with small receptive fields. However, nociceptive neurons with large receptive fields exhibited a consistent adaptation during a noxious heat pulse of 47 and 50 degrees C. Based on the response characteristics of these two populations of cortical nociceptive neurons, we conclude that neurons with small receptive fields possess the ability to provide information about the localization, the intensity, and the temporal attributes of a noxious stimulus.4+.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document