scholarly journals Low energy upscattering of UCN in interaction with the surface of solid state

2007 ◽  
Vol 367 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 268-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Serebrov ◽  
A. Vassiljev ◽  
M. Lasakov ◽  
I. Krasnoschekova ◽  
A. Fomin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Low Energy

Bi-Crystal Compensation Method for the Over-Response of Solid-State Dosimetry

2014 ◽  
Vol 605 ◽  
pp. 540-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruo Xi Wang ◽  
Patrick Pittet ◽  
Julien Ribouton ◽  
Guo Neng Lu ◽  
Jean Marc Galvan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Compensation Method ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Field Size ◽  
Reference Curve ◽  
Pencil Beam ◽  
Dose Ratio ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Solid-state dosimetry employs highly sensitive semiconductors such as Gallium Nitride (GaN) and Silicon (Si), but they have a common drawback of over response compared to tissues for low-energy scattered photons, which induces inacceptable errors for radiotherapy application. To tackle this issue, we propose a compensation method consisting in using two different materials of dosimetric interest with different atomic numbers. Their responses are denoted as SC1 and SC2. The response ratio SC1/water as a function of the ratio SC1/SC2 exhibits a monotonic curve that can serve as reference to compensate the over-response of SC1. To validate this method, we have studied the dosimetric response of GaN (0.1 mm3) and Si crystals (2.5 mm3) by simulations, using a validated model based on the general cavity theory in a homogeneous water phantom. The dosimetric response of GaN and Si calculated using the model has errors within 2.5% compared to measured data. The local fluence spectra have been obtained by convolution of pencil beam kernel built by Monte Carlo simulations for different clinical irradiation conditions with field size (from 5×5 cm2up to 20×20 cm2) at depth in the phantom (from 2 cm to 25 cm). The obtained results confirm a monotone relationship between GaN/water dose ratio and GaN/Si dose ratio. The reference curve is independent of irradiation conditions (field size, dosimeter position...), and allows determination of compensation value by identification.

The use of low-energy accelerators in low-temperature solid-state physics at the Centre D'Etudes Nucleaires de Grenoble

1971 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
E. Bonjour ◽  
J.M. Cotignola ◽  
Y. Depierre ◽  
R. Lagnier ◽  
C. Minier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Physics ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Solid State Physics

InP solid state detector for measurement of low energy solar neutrinos

2010 ◽  
Vol 623 (1) ◽  
pp. 460-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Fukuda ◽  
Toshiyuki Izawa ◽  
Yusuke Koshio ◽  
Shigetaka Moriyama ◽  
Toshio Namba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solar Neutrinos ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Solid State Detector ◽  
State Detector

PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS DURING HEATING OF AMORPHOUS/NANOCRYSTALLINE Ni–Ti POWDERS

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (09) ◽  
pp. 1137-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. VERDIAN ◽  
M. SALEHI ◽  
K. RAEISSI
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Niti Phase

Amorphous/nanocrystalline 50 Ni –50 Ti powders were synthesized from elemental Ti and Ni powders by solid state synthesis utilizing low energy mechanical alloying with times up to 100 h. The produced powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry to study phase transformations that occurred during heating in the calorimeter. It was found that at the first stage of the heating process, a disordered NiTi phase was formed at temperature of about 400°C. Further investigations indicated that this phase transformed into the Ni 3 Ti and Ti 2 Ni intermetallic compounds after heating at a temperature of about 800°C.

Low energy positron interaction with solid state surfaces

1984 ◽  
Vol 82 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
P. U. Arifov ◽  
M. V. Kremkov
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Low Energy

USE OF SOLID STATE NUCLEAR TRACK DETECTORS CR-39 TO STUDY CHARGED PARTICLES EMISSION FROM A 3 kJ PLASMA FOCUS

1995 ◽  
Vol 09 (16) ◽  
pp. 1033-1037
Author(s):  
M. ZAKAULLAH ◽  
IMTIAZ AHMAD ◽  
KHAIRUR REHMAN ◽  
G. MURTAZA
Keyword(s):  
Charged Particle ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Plasma Focus ◽  
Radial Direction ◽  
Particle Flux ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Nuclear Track Detectors

The CR-39 solid state nuclear track detectors are employed to investigate the fluence anisotropy of charged particles (protons, deuterons and tritons) emitted from the focus region of a low energy Mather-type plasma focus energized by a single 32 μF, 15 kV (3.6 kJ) capacitor. The charged particle flux is the highest in the axial direction, and decreases towards the radial direction. The radial charged particles flux is six times smaller than the flux in the axial direction.

scholarly journals Large low-energy oscillator strength for Ce 4felectrons in the solid state

1991 ◽  
Vol 44 (16) ◽  
pp. 8526-8528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang Joo Kim ◽  
Bruce N. Harmon ◽  
David W. Lynch ◽  
Dale D. Koelling
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Oscillator Strength ◽  
Low Energy
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