Short-term interval exercise suppresses acylated ghrelin and hunger during caloric restriction in women with obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 112978
Author(s):  
Steven K. Malin ◽  
Emily M. Heiston ◽  
Nicole M. Gilbertson ◽  
Natalie Z.M. Eichner
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Acylated Ghrelin ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Interval Exercise

Dietary Restriction-Induced Alterations in Bone Phenotype: Effects of Lifelong Versus Short-Term Caloric Restriction on Femoral and Vertebral Bone in C57BL/6 Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 852-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Kathrin Behrendt ◽  
Angela Kuhla ◽  
Anja Osterberg ◽  
Christian Polley ◽  
Philipp Herlyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Vertebral Bone ◽  
Bone Phenotype

scholarly journals Short-Term Caloric Restriction Attenuates Obesity-Induced Pro-inflammatory Response in Male Rhesus Macaques

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hollis Wright ◽  
Mithila Handu ◽  
Allen Jankeel ◽  
Ilhem Messaoudi ◽  
Oleg Varlamov
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
De Novo Lipogenesis ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adipocyte Hypertrophy ◽  
Male Rhesus

White adipose tissue (WAT) hypertrophy is an essential hallmark of obesity and is associated with the activation of resident immune cells. While the benefits of caloric restriction (CR) on health span are generally accepted, its effects on WAT physiology are not well understood. We previously demonstrated that short-term CR reverses obesity in male rhesus macaques exposed to a high-fat Western-style diet (WSD). Here, we analyzed subcutaneous WAT biopsies collected from this cohort of animals before and after WSD and following CR. This analysis showed that WSD induced adipocyte hypertrophy and inhibited β-adrenergic-simulated lipolysis. CR reversed adipocyte hypertrophy, but WAT remained insensitive to β-adrenergic agonist stimulation. Whole-genome transcriptional analysis revealed that β3-adrenergic receptor and de novo lipogenesis genes were downregulated by WSD and remained downregulated after CR. In contrast, WSD-induced pro-inflammatory gene expression was effectively reversed by CR. Furthermore, peripheral blood monocytes isolated during the CR period exhibited a significant reduction in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to those obtained after WSD. Collectively, this study demonstrates that short-term CR eliminates an obesity-induced pro-inflammatory response in WAT and peripheral monocytes.

scholarly journals High-intensity interval exercise induces greater acute changes in sleep, appetite-related hormones, and free-living energy intake than does moderate-intensity continuous exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope Larsen ◽  
Frank Marino ◽  
Kerri Melehan ◽  
Kym J. Guelfi ◽  
Rob Duffield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Sleep Stages ◽  
Acylated Ghrelin ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on sleep characteristics, appetite-related hormones, and eating behaviour. Eleven overweight, inactive men completed 2 consecutive nights of sleep assessments to determine baseline (BASE) sleep stages and arousals recorded by polysomnography (PSG). On separate afternoons (1400–1600 h), participants completed a 30-min exercise bout: either (i) MICE (60% peak oxygen consumption) or (ii) HIIE (60 s of work at 100% peak oxygen consumption: 240 s of rest at 50% peak oxygen consumption), in a randomised order. Measures included appetite-related hormones (acylated ghrelin, leptin, and peptide tyrosine tyrosine) and glucose before exercise, 30 min after exercise, and the next morning after exercise; PSG sleep stages; and actigraphy (sleep quantity and quality); in addition, self-reported sleep and food diaries were recorded until 48 h after exercise. There were no between-trial differences for time in bed (p = 0.19) or total sleep time (p = 0.99). After HIIE, stage N3 sleep was greater (21% ± 7%) compared with BASE (18% ± 7%; p = 0.02). In addition, the number of arousals during rapid eye movement sleep were lower after HIIE (7 ± 5) compared with BASE (11 ± 7; p = 0.05). Wake after sleep onset was lower following MICE (41 min) compared with BASE (56 min; p = 0.02). Acylated ghrelin was lower and glucose was higher at 30 min after HIIE when compared with MICE (p ≤ 0.05). There were no significant differences between conditions in terms of total energy intake (p ≥ 0.05). HIIE appears to be more beneficial than MICE for improving sleep quality and inducing favourable transient changes in appetite-related hormones in overweight, inactive men. However, energy intake was not altered regardless of exercise intensity.

scholarly journals Combining Short-Term Interval Training With Caloric-Restriction Improves ß-Cell Function In Obese Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
Monique E. Francois ◽  
Nicole M. Gilbertson ◽  
Natalie Z. M Eichner ◽  
Emily M. Heiston ◽  
James H. Mehaffey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Obese Adults

Acute and short-term effects of caloric restriction on metabolic profile and brain activation in obese, postmenopausal women

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1671-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Jakobsdottir ◽  
I C van Nieuwpoort ◽  
C C van Bunderen ◽  
M B de Ruiter ◽  
J W R Twisk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effects

scholarly journals Effect of ambient temperature during acute aerobic exercise on short-term appetite, energy intake, and plasma acylated ghrelin in recreationally active males

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 905-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy K. Wasse ◽  
James A. King ◽  
David J. Stensel ◽  
Caroline Sunderland
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Acylated Ghrelin ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Increase Energy Intake ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Intake Regulation

Ambient temperature during exercise may affect energy intake regulation. Compared with a temperate (20 °C) environment, 1 h of running followed by 6 h of rest tended to decrease energy intake from 2 ad libitum meals in a hot (30 °C) environment but increase energy intake in a cool (10 °C) environment (p = 0.08). Core temperature changes did not appear to mediate this trend; whether acylated ghrelin is involved is unclear. Further research is warranted to clarify these findings.

Effect of Acute High Intensity Interval Exercise on Plasma Acylated Ghrelin Concentrations

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 949-950
Author(s):  
Calvin Lloyd Cole ◽  
Walter R. Thompson ◽  
Leslie J. Brandon ◽  
Dan Benardot ◽  
Jeff Otis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Acylated Ghrelin ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval
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