Protective effects of nizofenone administration on the cognitive impairments induced by chronic restraint stress in mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liu ◽  
Xuemei Zhuang ◽  
Lingshan Gou ◽  
Xin Ling ◽  
Xia Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Chronic Restraint Stress

Protective effects of S-allyl cysteine on behavioral, morphological and biochemical alterations in rats subjected to chronic restraint stress: Antioxidant and anxiolytic effects

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Becerril-Chávez ◽  
Ana Laura Colín-González ◽  
Juana Villeda-Hernández ◽  
Sonia Galván-Arzate ◽  
Anahí Chavarría ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Chronic Restraint Stress ◽  
Biochemical Alterations

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Carvacrol against Oxidative Stress Induced by Chronic Stress in Rat’s Brain, Liver, and Kidney

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh ◽  
Fariborz Samini ◽  
Abasalt Borji
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Chronic Restraint Stress ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Stress Damage ◽  
The Brain

Restraint stress may be associated with elevated free radicals, and thus, chronic exposure to oxidative stress may cause tissue damage. Several studies have reported that carvacrol (CAR) has a protective effect against oxidative stress. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of CAR on restraint stress induced oxidative stress damage in the brain, liver, and kidney. For chronic restraint stress, rats were kept in the restrainers for 6 h every day, for 21 consecutive days. The animals received systemic administrations of CAR daily for 21 days. To evaluate the changes of the oxidative stress parameters following restraint stress, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and catalase (CAT) activities were measured in the brain, liver, and kidney. In the stressed animals that received vehicle, the MDA level was significantly higher (P<0.001) and the levels of GSH and antioxidant enzymes were significantly lower than the nonstressed animals (P<0.001). CAR ameliorated the changes in the stressed animals as compared with the control group (P<0.001). This study indicates that CAR can prevent restraint stress induced oxidative damage.

Protective Effects of Crocetin on Depression-like Behavior Induced by Immobilization in Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahereh Farkhondeh ◽  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Fariborz Samini ◽  
Ali Rajabpour Sanati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Chronic Restraint Stress ◽  
Stress Group ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
The Brain

Background & Objective: Crocetin, an active ingredient of saffron, has been recognized as a potent antioxidant. Plant extracts or their components may be useful in ameliorating the various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. This study investigated the effects of crocetin on oxidative damage induced by chronic restraint stress in the rat brain. For this reason, rats were kept in the restrainers for 1 hour every day, for 21 consecutive days. The animals were injected crocetin (20, 40, 60 mg/kg) or vehicle daily for 21 days. Findings showed that the immobility time significantly increased in the rodents subjected to the chronic stress compared with the normal group. However, the number of crossing beams in the rats submitted to the chronic stress significantly decreased versus the non-stress rats. Treatment with crocetin ameliorated the immobility time and the number of crossing in the chronic restraint stress rats versus the non-treated stress group. Crocetin also reverted the levels of MDA and GSH and also the activities of antioxidant enzymes to the normal levels in the stress groups. Conclusion: The present study suggests that crocetin may be useful for the management of depressantlike effects induced by chronic stress through decreasing oxidative damage in the brain.

Protective effect of l-theanine on chronic restraint stress-induced cognitive impairments in mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 1503 ◽  
pp. 24-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Tian ◽  
Lingyan Sun ◽  
Lingshan Gou ◽  
Xin Ling ◽  
Yan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Chronic Restraint Stress

scholarly journals Coumestrol alleviates oxidative stress, apoptosis and cognitive impairments through hippocampal estrogen receptor-beta in male mouse model of chronic restraint stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiarash Fekri ◽  
Javad Mahmoudi ◽  
Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad ◽  
Fereshteh Farajdokht ◽  
Alireza Mohajjel Nayebi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Estrogen Receptors ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Beta ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Chronic Restraint Stress ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Receptor Beta

Background: Coumestrol is well-known as a natural estrogen receptor-beta modulator. Since the role of estrogen receptors in controlling stressful situations has already been reported and their cognitive functions in hippocampus seem to be independent of sexual tasks, the aim of this study was to investigate the improving effects of this phytoestrogen on negative consequences of exposing male mice to chronic restraint stress. Methods: This study was divided into two separate but consecutive phases. In the first phase, the possible effects of Coumestrol (30, 60, 120 µg.kg-1.day-1, i.p.) and its vehicle (sesame oil) on restraint stress-induced cognitive impairments, oxidative stress and apoptosis were evaluated. During the second phase, a selective estrogen receptor-beta antagonist was used to investigate the possible involvement of beta-type estrogen receptors in these processes. Morris water maze and novel object recognition tests were performed to evaluate memory while elevated plus maze test was used to measure the level of anxiety. Spectroscopy and western blotting methods were also employed to evaluate oxidative and apoptotic status in hippocampal tissue. Furthermore, serum level of corticosterone was measured for each group. Results: Behavioral tests indicated memory enhancing and anxiolytic effects of coumestrol. Biochemical evaluations also proved its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic potential. On the other hand, the mentioned behavioral and biochemical improvements were reversed in the group treated with estrogen receptor-beta antagonist. Conclusion: Coumestrol may ameliorate negative consequences of exposure to chronic stress such as oxidative stress, apoptosis and cognitive impairments, via the modulation of beta-type estrogen receptors in hippocampus.

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