Comparison of the V1b antagonist, SSR149415, and the CRF1 antagonist, CP-154,526, in rodent models of anxiety and depression

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Hodgson ◽  
G.A. Higgins ◽  
D.H. Guthrie ◽  
S.X. Lu ◽  
A.J. Pond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Crf1 Antagonist

scholarly journals Modulation of behavioral and hippocampal transcriptomic responses in rat prolonged chronic unpredictable stress model by fluoxetine, eicosapentaenoic acid and lipopolysaccharide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin A. Demin ◽  
Tatiana O. Kolesnikova ◽  
David S. Galstyan ◽  
Nataliya A. Krotova ◽  
Nikita P. Ilyin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Stress ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Transcriptomic Changes ◽  
Pharmacological Manipulations

AbstractAnimal models are widely used to study common stress-induced affective disorders, such as anxiety and depression. Here, we examine behavioral and brain transcriptomic (RNA-seq) responses in rat prolonged chronic unpredictable stress (PCUS) model, and their modulation by 4-week treatment with fluoxetine, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and their combinations. Overall, chronic stress produced anxiety-like phenotype, corrected by fluoxetine alone or in combination with EPA or LPS. EPA was anxiolytic in several tests, whereas LPS alone increased anxiety. PCUS evoked pronounced transcriptomic changes in rat hippocampi, differentially expressing >200 genes, while all pharmacological manipulations (except fluoxetine+EPA) affected only few genes. Gpr6, Drd2 and Adora2a were downregulated by chronic stress in a treatment-resistant manner, suggesting highly conserved nature of these pathogenetic genomic responses to chronic stress. Overall, these findings support the validity of rat PCUS paradigm as an effective tool to study stress-related pathologies, and calls for further research to probe how various conventional and novel drugs modulate behavioral and brain transcriptomic biomarkers of chronic stress in rodent models.

From Conditioning to Emotion: Translating Animal Models of Learning to Human Psychopathology

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron S. Heller
Keyword(s):  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Conditioned Stimuli ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Treatment ◽  
Affective Events ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
Rapid Processing

Emotional responses are not static but change as a consequence of learning. Organisms adapt to emotional events and these adaptations influence the way we think, behave, and feel when we encounter similar situations in the future. Integrating recent work from rodent models and research on human psychopathology, this article lays out a model describing how affective events cause learning and can lead to anxiety and depression: affective events are linked to conditioned stimuli and contexts. Affective experiences entrain oscillatory synchrony across distributed neural circuits, including the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens, which form associations that constitute the basis of emotional memories. Consolidation of these experiences appears to be supported by replay in the hippocampus—a process by which hippocampal firing patterns recreate the firing pattern that occurred previously. Generalization of learning occurs to never before experienced contexts when associations form across distinct but related conditioned stimuli. The process of generalization, which requires cortical structures, can cause memories to become abstracted. During abstraction, the latent, overlapping features of the learned associations remain and result in the formation of schemas. Schemas are adaptive because they facilitate the rapid processing of conditioned stimuli and prime behavioral, cognitive, and affective responses that are the manifestations of the accumulation of an individual’s conditioned experiences. However, schemas can be maladaptive when the generalization of aversive emotional responses are applied to stimuli and contexts in which affective reactions are unnecessary. I describe how this process can lead to not only mood and anxiety disorders but also psychotherapeutic treatment.

scholarly journals Brain Neurotransmitter Modulation by Gut Microbiota in Anxiety and Depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Huang ◽  
Xiaojun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Germ Free ◽  
Brain Neurotransmitter ◽  
The Brain

Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent mental illnesses worldwide and have long been thought to be closely associated to neurotransmitter modulation. There is growing evidence indicating that changes in the composition of the gut microbiota are related to mental health including anxiety and depression. In this review, we focus on combining the intestinal microbiota with serotonergic, dopaminergic, and noradrenergic neurotransmission in brain, with special emphasis on the anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in stress-related rodent models. Therefore, we reviewed studies conducted on germ-free rodents, or in animals subjected to microbiota absence using antibiotics, as well as via the usage of probiotics. All the results strongly support that the brain neurotransmitter modulation by gut microbiota is indispensable to the physiopathology of anxiety and depression. However, a lot of work is needed to determine how gut microbiota mediated neurotransmission in human brain has any physiological significance and, if any, how it can be used in therapy. Overall, the gut microbiota provides a novel way to alter neurotransmitter modulation in the brain and treat gut–brain axis diseases, such as anxiety and depression.

scholarly journals How to study anxiety and depression in rodent models of chronic pain?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Kremer ◽  
Léa J. Becker ◽  
Michel Barrot ◽  
Ipek Yalcin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Rodent Models

Determining Emotional Tone and Verbal Behavior in Patients With Tinnitus and Hyperacusis: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 660-672
Author(s):  
Suzanne H. Kimball ◽  
Toby Hamilton ◽  
Erin Benear ◽  
Jonathan Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Verbal Behavior ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Emotional Tone ◽  
Explanatory Mixed Methods ◽  
Quantitative Results

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the emotional tone and verbal behavior of social media users who self-identified as having tinnitus and/or hyperacusis that caused self-described negative consequences on daily life or health. Research Design and Method An explanatory mixed-methods design was utilized. Two hundred “initial” and 200 “reply” Facebook posts were collected from members of a tinnitus group and a hyperacusis group. Data were analyzed via the LIWC 2015 software program and compared to typical bloggers. As this was an explanatory mixed-methods study, we used qualitative thematic analyses to explain, interpret, and illustrate the quantitative results. Results Overall, quantitative results indicated lower overall emotional tone for all categories (tinnitus and hyperacusis, initial and reply), which was mostly influenced by higher negative emotion. Higher levels of authenticity or truth were found in the hyperacusis sample but not in the tinnitus sample. Lower levels of clout (social standing) were indicated in all groups, and a lower level of analytical thinking style (concepts and complex categories rather than narratives) was found in the hyperacusis sample. Additional analysis of the language indicated higher levels of sadness and anxiety in all groups and lower levels of anger, particularly for initial replies. These data support prior findings indicating higher levels of anxiety and depression in this patient population based on the actual words in blog posts and not from self-report questionnaires. Qualitative results identified 3 major themes from both the tinnitus and hyperacusis texts: suffering, negative emotional tone, and coping strategies. Conclusions Results from this study suggest support for the predominant clinical view that patients with tinnitus and hyperacusis have higher levels of anxiety and depression than the general population. The extent of the suffering described and patterns of coping strategies suggest clinical practice patterns and the need for research in implementing improved practice plans.

164: Are Gabab Receptors Involved in Gabapentin Inhibition of Micturition Hyperreflexia in Rodent Models?

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
Quan-Ming Zhu ◽  
Dong-Qing Hu ◽  
David R. Blue ◽  
Philip A. Nunn ◽  
Anthony P.D.W. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Gabab Receptors ◽  
Rodent Models

1216: Oral Treatment with a Vitamin D3 Analogue Shows Anti Inflammatory Effects and Reduces Bladder Overactivity in Rodent Models of Chronic Cystitis

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 330-330
Author(s):  
Peter Zvara ◽  
Fabio Benigni ◽  
Enrico Baroni ◽  
Marija Zecevic ◽  
Antonia Monno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Chronic Cystitis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The French Version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) in a Nonclinical Sample

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Bouvard ◽  
Anne Denis ◽  
Jean-Luc Roulin
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
French Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

This article investigates the psychometric properties of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS). A group of 704 adolescents completed the questionnaires in their classrooms. This study examines potential confirmatory factor analysis factor models of the RCADS as well as the relationships between the RCADS and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders-Revised (SCARED-R). A subsample of 595 adolescents also completed an anxiety questionnaire (Fear Survey Schedule for Children-Revised, FSSC-R) and a depression questionnaire (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, CES-D). Confirmatory factor analysis of the RCADS suggests that the 6-factor model reasonably fits the data. All subscales were positively intercorrelated, with rs varying between .48 (generalized anxiety disorder-major depression disorder) and .65 (generalized anxiety disorder-social phobia/obsessive-compulsive disorder). The RCADS total score and all the RCADS scales were found to have good internal consistency (> .70). The correlations between the RCADS subscales and their SCARED-R counterparts are generally substantial. Convergent validity was found with the FSSC-R and the CES-D. The study included normal adolescents aged 10 to 19. Therefore, the findings cannot be extended to children under 10, nor to a clinical population. Altogether, the French version of the RCADS showed reasonable psychometric properties.

Stehen kognitive Funktionen im Zusammenhang mit Angst, Depression und Posttraumatischer Belastungsstörung bei Brustkrebspatientinnen nach onkologischer Behandlung?

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Schirmer ◽  
Anja Mehnert ◽  
Angela Scherwath ◽  
Barbara Schleimer ◽  
Frank Schulz-Kindermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Kognitive Funktionen

Die in mehreren Studien gefundenen kognitiven Störungen bei Tumorpatienten nach Chemotherapie werden zumeist mit der Zytostatikaneurotoxizität assoziiert. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird der Zusammenhang von Angst, Depression und Posttraumatischer Belastungsstörung mit der kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeit bei Frauen mit Mammakarzinom untersucht. Insgesamt wurden 76 Brustkrebspatientinnen fünf Jahre nach Abschluss der onkologischen Behandlung mit neuropsychologischen Testverfahren sowie mit der Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – Deutsche Version (HADS-D) und der Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist – Civilian Version (PCL-C) untersucht: 23 nach Standard- und 24 nach Hochdosistherapie sowie 29 nach Brustoperation und Strahlentherapie als Vergleichsgruppe. Signifikante Zusammenhänge sind vor allem zwischen kognitiven Funktionen und Intrusionssymptomen einer Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) festzustellen. Bei Patientinnen nach Standardtherapie weisen Intrusionen der PTBS einen moderaten Zusammenhang mit der globalen kognitiven Beeinträchtigung auf. Die Ergebnisse der Studie deuten auf multidimensionale Einfluss- und moderierende Faktoren bei der Entwicklung kognitiver Defizite bei Brustkrebspatientinnen nach onkologischer Therapie hin.

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