Vitamin D increases PPARγ expression and promotes beneficial effects of physical activity in metabolic syndrome

Nutrition ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rastegar Hoseini ◽  
Arsalan Damirchi ◽  
Parvin Babaei
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pparγ Expression

scholarly journals Exercise Induced Adipokine Changes and the Metabolic Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Golbidi ◽  
Ismail Laher
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Exercise Induced

The lack of adequate physical activity and obesity created a worldwide pandemic. Obesity is characterized by the deposition of adipose tissue in various parts of the body; it is now evident that adipose tissue also acts as an endocrine organ capable of secreting many cytokines that are though to be involved in the pathophysiology of obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. Adipokines, or adipose tissue-derived proteins, play a pivotal role in this scenario. Increased secretion of proinflammatory adipokines leads to a chronic inflammatory state that is accompanied by insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. Lifestyle change in terms of increased physical activity and exercise is the best nonpharmacological treatment for obesity since these can reduce insulin resistance, counteract the inflammatory state, and improve the lipid profile. There is growing evidence that exercise exerts its beneficial effects partly through alterations in the adipokine profile; that is, exercise increases secretion of anti-inflammatory adipokines and reduces proinflammatory cytokines. In this paper we briefly describe the pathophysiologic role of four important adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, and IL-6) in the metabolic syndrome and review some of the clinical trials that monitored these adipokines as a clinical outcome before and after exercise.

scholarly journals Serum calcium level is associated with metabolic syndrome in the general population: FIN-D2D study

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Saltevo ◽  
Leo Niskanen ◽  
Hannu Kautiainen ◽  
Jorma Teittinen ◽  
Heikki Oksa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Serum Calcium Level ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
Study Population

BackgroundThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between serum calcium and the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS).MethodsAs a part of the national prevention program of diabetes in Finland (FIN-D2D), a randomly selected study population of 4500 middle-aged men and women were recruited from three central hospital district areas. Anthropometric measurements were performed by a trained nurse. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed and serum calcium and lipids were measured. We assessed current medications, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, calcium intake, and vitamin D intake. The MetS was defined according to the criteria of the updated National Education Program. The study population consisted of 2896 individuals: 1396 men (62% of invited individuals) and 1500 women (66.7% of invited individuals).ResultsThe mean age was 60.3±8.3 years in men and 59.8±8.5 years in women. The prevalence of MetS was 50.7% in women and 55.8% in men. The prevalence of MetS and its components, except high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, increased linearly with increasing serum calcium (P<0.001), even after adjustment for age, physical activity, alcohol, vitamin D intake, calcium intake, and smoking. The threshold value for serum calcium for MetS was 2.50 mmol/l in this population. The association of MetS with total serum calcium was similar even after exclusion of patients treated with hypertensive drugs. The drug treatments for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes increased in a similar pattern.ConclusionsSerum calcium level is associated with MetS and its components, except HDL-cholesterol.

scholarly journals Vitamin D status and its relationship with metabolic syndrome risk factors among adolescent girls in Boukan, Iran

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Rafraf ◽  
Saadat Karimi Hasanabad ◽  
Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Vitamin D Status

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate vitamin D status and its association with components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescent girls attending high school in Boukan, Iran during winter 2012.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingHigh schools of Boukan city, Iran.SubjectsA sample of 216 girls aged 14–17 years was selected by multistage random sampling from four districts of Boukan. Weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, daily energy intake, physical activity and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), fasting blood glucose, TAG and HDL-cholesterol levels of all participants were evaluated. Serum 25(OH)D level <20 ng/ml was defined as vitamin D deficiency.ResultsMean serum 25(OH)D was 7·26 (sd 2·81) ng/ml and 96 % of the participants had vitamin D deficiency. According to age-modified definitions of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, MetS was diagnosed in 10·6 % of the participants. In multivariable regression analysis after adjustment for BMI, energy intake and physical activity level, serum 25(OH)D was inversely associated with fasting blood glucose (β = −0·143, P = 0·04). No significant relationship was found between serum 25(OH)D and other components of MetS.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency warrants national polices and interventions towards improving this major health problem among adolescent girls. Low 25(OH)D level was significantly associated with increased fasting blood glucose. Prospective studies are needed to determine the effects of vitamin D deficiency on the development of MetS and related metabolic diseases in adolescent girls.

The relation of vitamin D status with metabolic syndrome in childhood and adolescence: an update

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (11-12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna S. Challa ◽  
Stefania E. Makariou ◽  
Ekaterini C. Siomou
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractAmong children and adolescents, metabolic syndrome (MetS) is more common than previously believed. Hence, any information on the relation between vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency and insulin resistance (IR) in this population with risk of developing MetS is of great importance. This review analyzes and evaluates the existing evidence from cross-sectional, observational, and retrospective studies concerning the effect of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency on MetS as a whole or on its various components. Most data show that insufficient vitamin D status is associated with increased prevalence of MetS or its individual components, mainly blood pressure and IR, often independent of overall obesity or abdominal adiposity. The implications of these findings could be associated with increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus in later life. The very few randomized control trials examining any possible beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation are also included.

Moderators of the Association Between Serum Parathyroid Hormone and Metabolic Syndrome in Participants with Elevated Parathyroid Hormone: NHANES 2003–2006

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (07) ◽  
pp. 509-516
Author(s):  
Liang Chen ◽  
Jian-Hao Pei ◽  
Jian Kuang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Serum Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Serum Pth

AbstractThis cross-sectional study extracted data of 392 NHANES participants with elevated serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations from 2 cycles of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2006 and evaluated the association between serum (PTH) concentration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) to identify dietary and lifestyle factors that may modify that association. The primary outcome was MetS severity scores. Results of univariate linear regression analyses revealed that serum PTH concentrations correlated positively and significantly with MetS severity scores (β=0.399, p=0.030). After adjusting for gender, age, race, and alcohol consumption, results of multivariate analysis revealed that increased serum PTH concentration correlated significantly with higher MetS severity scores (β=0.413, p=0.045) in participants with moderate physical activity over the past 30 days. Serum PTH concentration also correlated significantly with higher MetS severity scores in participants with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency (β=0.456 and p=0.014), those without vitamin D supplementation (β=0.524, p=0.028) and with higher protein intake (β=0.586 and p=0.030). In conclusion, increased serum PTH concentration is associated with higher MetS severity scores in participants with elevated serum PTH at baseline. The association between PTH concentration and MetS severity is moderated by participants’ physical activity levels, status of serum vitamin D, vitamin D supplementation, and daily protein intake.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Levels, Body Composition, and Metabolic Factors in Asian Indians: Results from the Metabolic Syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet M. Chiang ◽  
Frank Z. Stanczyk ◽  
Alka M. Kanaya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Asian Indians ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Metabolic Factors

Background/Aims: Asian Indians have a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 150 Asian Indians (50% male) from the San Francisco Bay Area. We assessed the association between 25-OH vitamin D (25-OHD) levels and vitamin D deficiency with body composition (anthropometric and radiographic measures) and metabolic outcomes. Results: In both men and women, the presence of vitamin D deficiency was associated with higher systolic (p = 0.004) and diastolic (p = 0.01) blood pressure, and fasting glucose (p = 0.01). Only in women, vitamin D deficiency status was associated with higher body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, visceral fat area, and hepatic fat content after adjusting for age, income, and physical activity level. In women, 25-OHD was also associated with fasting glucose after adjusting for age, income, and physical activity and further adjusting for BMI and waist circumference (β –2.1, 95% CI –0.86 to –0.01, p = 0.04). This association between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic parameters was not significant in men. Conclusions: A lower level of 25-OHD and vitamin D deficiency were associated with higher levels of metabolic factors among Asian Indians. Our findings suggest that 25-OHD metabolism may differ by the distribution of adipose tissue and involve previously unexplored pathways accounting for the variability in the role of vitamin D in cardiovascular disease.

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