Effect of variation of trans-fatty acid in lactating rats' diet on lipoprotein lipase activity in mammary gland, liver, and adipose tissue

Nutrition ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 806-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Pereira Assumpção ◽  
Flávia Duarte dos Santos ◽  
Priscila de Mattos Machado Andrade ◽  
Giselle Freire Barreto ◽  
Maria das Graças Tavares do Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity

scholarly journals Effects of tri-iodothyronine administration on the disposal of oral [1-14C]triolein, lipoprotein lipase activity and lipogenesis in the rat during lactation and on removal of the litter

1994 ◽  
Vol 301 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Del Prado ◽  
T H Da Costa ◽  
D H Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
14Co2 Production ◽  
Pup Growth

The effect of tri-iodothyronine (T3) administration on the utilization of dietary [14C]lipid by the mammary gland and adipose tissue of lactating and litter-removed rats was studied. (1) After an oral load of [1-14C]triolein, the lactating rats treated with T3 (50 micrograms/100 g body wt.) over 24 h showed an increase in 14CO2 production and a decrease in the total [14C]lipid transferred through the mammary gland that was paralleled by a decrease in tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity. (2) T3 administration decreased plasma prolactin in the lactating rats. Prolactin replacement in T3-treated rats restored LPL activity in the mammary gland, but did not increase the amount of dietary [14C]lipid transferred to the milk. (3) Chronic T3 administration (4 days) to lactating rats did not affect pup growth or the lipogenic rate in the mammary gland. (4) The administration of T3 to litter-removed rats inhibited the increase of LPL activity in white adipose tissue and decreased the accumulation of dietary [14C]lipid. This decrease was accompanied by increased 14CO2 production and [14C]lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle and heart. (5) It is concluded that hyperthyroidism depresses LPL activity in mammary gland and white adipose tissue, but not in muscle. The increased accumulation of [14C]lipid in muscle and increased production of 14CO2 in lactating and in litter-removed rats treated with T3 is in part due to the decreased total LPL in mammary gland and adipose tissue respectively, which are therefore less able to compete with muscle for the available plasma triacylglycerols.

Effect of prolactin on lipoprotein lipase in crop sac and adipose tissue of pigeons

1975 ◽  
Vol 228 (5) ◽  
pp. 1542-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Garrison ◽  
RO Scow
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Milk Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue ◽  
Chylomicron Triglyceride

The effect of prolactin on lipoprotein lipase activity of crop sac, omental adipose tissue, and esophagus was studied in adult female pigeons. Prolactin injected for 4 days, 1 mg/day, increased lipoprotein lipase activity from 17 to 177 U/g in crop sac and from 68 to 118 U/g in adipose tissue, but had no effect on the activity in esophagus, 4 U/g. (10 = 1 mumol of chylomicron triglyceride hydrolyzed to free fatty acid and glycerol per hour.? Prolactin increased the weight of crop sac from 1.4 to 7.2 G. The effect of prolactin on lipoprotein lipase activity and weight of crop sac occurred mostly during the 3rd and 4th days of treatment, whereas the effect on the activity of adipose tissue occurred later, during the 4th day of treatment. Crop "milk" collected from pigeons injected with 2 mg of prolactin daily for 4 days contained a small amount of lipoprotein lipase activity, 12 U/g, is smaller than 10% of that found in crop sac. The finding of markedly increased lipoprotein lipase activity in crop sac of prolactin-treated pigeons suggests that blood triglyceride may be used by crop sac for the formation of crop milk lipid.

scholarly journals Regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity and mRNA in the mammary gland of the lactating mouse

1994 ◽  
Vol 298 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
D R Jensen ◽  
S Gavigan ◽  
V Sawicki ◽  
D L Witsell ◽  
R H Eckel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Mouse Mammary Gland ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Translational Level

We examined the effects of reproductive stage and fasting on lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and mRNA in the mouse mammary gland. Heparin-releasable and cell-associated LPL activity rose immediately after birth, followed 1-2 days later by an increase in LPL mRNA. Fasting decreased LPL activity in the mammary gland at all reproductive stages. During lactation, both milk and heparin-releasable LPL were substantially decreased by an overnight fast, whereas cell-associated LPL was less affected and LPL mRNA did not change. These studies indicate that the extracellular, heparin-releasable, fraction of mammary LPL activity responds most rapidly to alterations in physiological state, usually accompanied by smaller changes in cellular enzyme activity. Changes in the level of LPL mRNA were seen only during the transition from pregnancy to lactation, and these tended to follow, rather than precede, changes in enzyme activity. We conclude that in the mammary gland as in adipose tissue, LPL is regulated primarily at the translational and post-translational level.

Influence of age and exercise training on lipid metabolism in Fischer-344 rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1638-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Barakat ◽  
G. L. Dohm ◽  
N. Shukla ◽  
R. H. Marks ◽  
M. Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Glyceride Synthesis ◽  
Old Rats

The influence of training on fatty acid and glyceride synthesis by liver and adipose tissue homogenates of young and old Fischer-344 rats was examined. Four groups of rats (10 animals/group) were studied: young untrained, young trained, old untrained, and old trained. Training of each group was for 10 wk at 75% maximal O2 uptake. Young rats were killed at 6 mo of age and old rats were killed at 27 mo of age. Fatty acid synthesis was assessed by measuring the activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, ATP citrate-lyase, "malic" enzyme, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Glyceride synthesis was evaluated by determining the rate of incorporation of [14C]glycerol 3-phosphate into lipids. In addition, lipoprotein lipase activity was measured in acetone-ether powders of adipose tissue from the four groups of rats. In liver, training had no effect on fatty acid or glyceride synthesis in either group. However, aging caused a significant decrease in the activities of four of the lipogenic enzymes but had no effect on glyceride synthesis. Training caused an increase in fatty acid synthase and glyceride synthesis in adipose tissue, and aging decreased lipoprotein lipase activity. It was concluded that training enhances the synthetic capacity of lipids by adipose tissue but that aging had a more profound effect in that the activities of the enzymes involved in these processes were lower in the old rats. Furthermore, the decreased activity of lipoprotein lipase in the older rats may explain the higher plasma triglyceride levels that were observed in these animals.

scholarly journals Effects of exogenous insulin or vanadate on disposal of dietary triacylglycerols between mammary gland and adipose tissue in the lactating rat: insulin resistance in white adipose tissue

1993 ◽  
Vol 290 (2) ◽  
pp. 557-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
T H M Da Costa ◽  
D H Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
Exogenous Insulin ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effects of exogenous insulin or vanadate (an insulin mimetic) on the disposal of dietary [14C]lipid between oxidation to 14CO2, deposition in adipose tissue or uptake by mammary gland and transfer to suckling pups were studied in virgin and lactating rats. After an oral load of [1-14C]triolein, virgin rats treated with a supraphysiological dose of insulin over 24 h showed a decrease (58%) in 14CO2 production and increased accumulation of [14C]lipid in carcass and white adipose tissue. There was a 2.5-fold increase in lipoprotein lipase activity in the latter. Chronic vanadate administration (12 days) had no effect on these parameters. In lactating rats, the stimulation of the deposition of [14C]lipid in adipose tissue by exogenous insulin was about 10% of that in virgin rats. In prolactin-deficient lactating rats there was no stimulation of [14C]lipid deposition in adipose tissue by insulin. However, both insulin and vanadate treatment increased the accumulation of [14C]lipid in mammary gland to the values seen in the mammary glands plus pups of normal lactating rats. Lipoprotein lipase activity in the gland was also restored to normal values. It is concluded that in lactation there is resistance to insulin stimulation of dietary lipid deposition in adipose tissue, and that this is not due to circulating prolactin. In addition, exogenous insulin plays a role in the regulation of lipoprotein lipase and hence of dietary lipid uptake into lactating mammary gland.

scholarly journals Tissue-specific effects of rapid tumour growth on lipid metabolism in the rat during lactation and on litter removal

1988 ◽  
Vol 252 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
R D Evans ◽  
D H Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Tumour Burden ◽  
Plasma Triacylglycerol

1. The effect of tumour burden on lipid metabolism was examined in virgin, lactating and litter-removed rats. 2. No differences in food intake or plasma insulin concentrations were observed between control animals and those bearing the Walker-256 carcinoma (3-5% of body wt.) in any group studied. 3. In virgin tumour-bearing animals, there was a significant increase in liver mass, blood glucose and lactate, and plasma triacylglycerol; the rate of oxidation of oral [14C]lipid to 14CO2 was diminished, and parametrial white adipose tissue accumulated less [14C]lipid compared with pair-fed controls. 4. These findings were accompanied by increased accumulation of lipid in plasma and decreased white-adipose-tissue lipoprotein lipase activity. 5. In lactating animals, tumour burden had little effect on the accompanying hyperphagia or on pup weight gain; tissue lipogenesis was unaffected, as was tissue [14C]lipid accumulation, plasma [triacylglycerol] and white-adipose-tissue and mammary-gland lipoprotein lipase activity. 6. On removal (24 h) of the litter, the presence of the tumour resulted in decreased rates of lipogenesis in the carcass, liver and white and brown adipose tissue, decreased [14C]lipid accumulation in white adipose tissue, but increased accumulation in plasma and liver, increased plasma [triacylglycerol] and decreased lipoprotein lipase activity in white adipose tissue. 7. The rate of triacylglycerol/fatty acid substrate cycling was significantly decreased in white adipose tissue of virgin and litter-removed rats bearing the tumour, but not in lactating animals. 8. These results demonstrate no functional impairment of lactation, despite the presence of tumour, and the relative resistance of the lactating mammary gland to the disturbance of lipid metabolism that occurs in white adipose tissue of non-lactating rats with tumour burden.

scholarly journals Post-translational regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity in adipose tissue

1978 ◽  
Vol 176 (3) ◽  
pp. 865-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Ashby ◽  
D P Bennett ◽  
I M Spencer ◽  
D S Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Dependent Part ◽  
Adipose Tissue Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Energy Dependent

Changes in adipose-tissue lipoprotein lipase activity that are independent of protein synthesis were investigated in an incubation system in vitro. Under appropriate conditions at 25 degrees C a progressive increase in the enzyme activity occurs that is energy-dependent. Part of the enzyme is rapidly inactivated when the tissue is incubated with adrenaline or adrenaline plus theophylline. The mechanism of this inactivation appears to be distinct from, and to follow, the activation of the enzyme. A hypothesis is presented to account for the results in terms of an activation of the enzyme during obligatory post-translational processing and a catecholamine-regulated inactivation of the enzyme as an alternative to secretion from the adipocyte.

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