Changes in lipid content, fatty acid composition and lipoprotein lipase activity in dry goat omental adipose tissue according to tissue site

Lipids ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 470-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bas ◽  
F. Gallouin ◽  
P. Morand-Fehr
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Site

Effect of prolactin on lipoprotein lipase in crop sac and adipose tissue of pigeons

1975 ◽  
Vol 228 (5) ◽  
pp. 1542-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Garrison ◽  
RO Scow
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Milk Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue ◽  
Chylomicron Triglyceride

The effect of prolactin on lipoprotein lipase activity of crop sac, omental adipose tissue, and esophagus was studied in adult female pigeons. Prolactin injected for 4 days, 1 mg/day, increased lipoprotein lipase activity from 17 to 177 U/g in crop sac and from 68 to 118 U/g in adipose tissue, but had no effect on the activity in esophagus, 4 U/g. (10 = 1 mumol of chylomicron triglyceride hydrolyzed to free fatty acid and glycerol per hour.? Prolactin increased the weight of crop sac from 1.4 to 7.2 G. The effect of prolactin on lipoprotein lipase activity and weight of crop sac occurred mostly during the 3rd and 4th days of treatment, whereas the effect on the activity of adipose tissue occurred later, during the 4th day of treatment. Crop "milk" collected from pigeons injected with 2 mg of prolactin daily for 4 days contained a small amount of lipoprotein lipase activity, 12 U/g, is smaller than 10% of that found in crop sac. The finding of markedly increased lipoprotein lipase activity in crop sac of prolactin-treated pigeons suggests that blood triglyceride may be used by crop sac for the formation of crop milk lipid.

Lipid composition and metabolism of subcutaneous fat in sheep divergently selected for carcass lean content

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Cameron ◽  
S. C. Bishop ◽  
B. K. Speake ◽  
J. Bracken ◽  
R. C. Noble
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Selection Line ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity

AbstractFatty acid synthetase and lipoprotein lipase activities, lipid content of adipose tissue and the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat, sampled by biopsy at the 13th rib, were measured in 20-week-old rams from lines of Texel-Oxford (TO) and Scottish Blackface (SB) sheep, both divergently selected for carcass lean content. A total of 150 animals were measured, with close to equal numbers of animals per selection line-breed combination.In both breeds, the high (lean) selection lines had significantly lower backfat depths (TO : 0·5 mm and SB : 0·6 mm, s.e.d. 0·2) than the low (fat) lines. The lipid content of subcutaneous fat was 65 mg lipid per g fat tissue wet weight (s.e.d. 24) greater in TO rams than in SB rams. The TO low line had a higher lipid content than the high selection line (426 v. 448 (s.e.d. 36)) and although the SB selection lines did not differ, the selection line with breed interaction was not significant. SB rams had higher fatty acid synthetase activity (3·1 v. 2·6 (s.e.d. 0·3) on a log scale) but there were no differences between selection lines. Lipoprotein lipase activities were similar between breeds and selection lines. The lower concentration of myristic acid (C14:0) of TO rams compared with SB rams (0·9 (s.e.d. 0·3)) was the only breed or selection line difference which was statistically significant for fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat.Lipid content of subcutaneous fat and lipoprotein lipase activity were highly correlated and both were positively correlated with performance test traits, especially with backfat depth. The correlation between backfat depth and fatty acid synthetase activity was not different from zero. Performance test traits, lipid content of subcutaneous fat and lipoprotein lipase activity were positively correlated with the unsaturated fatty acids, with the exception of C18 :1 when correlations were negative.

Effect of variation of trans-fatty acid in lactating rats' diet on lipoprotein lipase activity in mammary gland, liver, and adipose tissue

Nutrition ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 806-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Pereira Assumpção ◽  
Flávia Duarte dos Santos ◽  
Priscila de Mattos Machado Andrade ◽  
Giselle Freire Barreto ◽  
Maria das Graças Tavares do Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity

Influence of age and exercise training on lipid metabolism in Fischer-344 rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1638-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Barakat ◽  
G. L. Dohm ◽  
N. Shukla ◽  
R. H. Marks ◽  
M. Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Glyceride Synthesis ◽  
Old Rats

The influence of training on fatty acid and glyceride synthesis by liver and adipose tissue homogenates of young and old Fischer-344 rats was examined. Four groups of rats (10 animals/group) were studied: young untrained, young trained, old untrained, and old trained. Training of each group was for 10 wk at 75% maximal O2 uptake. Young rats were killed at 6 mo of age and old rats were killed at 27 mo of age. Fatty acid synthesis was assessed by measuring the activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, ATP citrate-lyase, "malic" enzyme, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Glyceride synthesis was evaluated by determining the rate of incorporation of [14C]glycerol 3-phosphate into lipids. In addition, lipoprotein lipase activity was measured in acetone-ether powders of adipose tissue from the four groups of rats. In liver, training had no effect on fatty acid or glyceride synthesis in either group. However, aging caused a significant decrease in the activities of four of the lipogenic enzymes but had no effect on glyceride synthesis. Training caused an increase in fatty acid synthase and glyceride synthesis in adipose tissue, and aging decreased lipoprotein lipase activity. It was concluded that training enhances the synthetic capacity of lipids by adipose tissue but that aging had a more profound effect in that the activities of the enzymes involved in these processes were lower in the old rats. Furthermore, the decreased activity of lipoprotein lipase in the older rats may explain the higher plasma triglyceride levels that were observed in these animals.

scholarly journals LA and ALA prevent glucose intolerance in obese male rats without reducing reactive lipid content, but cause tissue-specific changes in fatty acid composition

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (7) ◽  
pp. R619-R630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarthak Matravadia ◽  
Piotr Zabielski ◽  
Adrian Chabowski ◽  
David M. Mutch ◽  
Graham P. Holloway
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Tissue Specific

While the cause of Type 2 diabetes remains poorly defined, the accumulation of reactive lipids within white adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver have been repeatedly implicated as underlying mechanisms. The ability of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to prevent the development of insulin resistance has gained considerable interest in recent years; however, the mechanisms-of-action remain poorly described. Therefore, we determined the efficacy of diets supplemented with either linoleic acid (LA) or α-linolenic acid (ALA) in preventing insulin resistance and reactive lipid accumulation in key metabolic tissues of the obese Zucker rat. Obese Zucker rats displayed impaired glucose homeostasis and reduced n–3 and n–6 PUFA content in the liver and epididymal white adipose tissue (EWAT). After the 12-wk feeding intervention, both LA- and ALA-supplemented diets prevented whole body glucose and insulin intolerance; however, ALA had a more pronounced effect. These changes occurred in association with n–3 and n–6 accumulation in all tissues studied, albeit to different extents (EWAT > liver > muscle). Triacylglycerol (TAG), diacylglycerol (DAG), ceramide, and sphingolipid accumulation were not attenuated in obese animals supplemented with either LA or ALA, suggesting that preservation of glucose homeostasis occurred independent of changes in reactive lipid content. However, PUFA-supplemented diets differentially altered the fatty acid composition of TAGs, DAGs, and PLs in a tissue-specific manner, suggesting essential fatty acid metabolism differs between tissues. Together, our results indicate that remodeling of the fatty acid composition of various lipid fractions may contribute to the improved glucose tolerance observed in obese rats fed PUFA-supplemented diets.

Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Salo ◽  
E Vartiainen ◽  
P Puska ◽  
T Nikkari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ω3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryPlatelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

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