Vegetarians have a lower fasting insulin level and higher insulin sensitivity than matched omnivores: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Cui ◽  
B. Wang ◽  
Y. Wu ◽  
L. Xie ◽  
P. Xun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Insulin Level

scholarly journals Impaired compensatory hyperinsulinemia among nonobese type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204201881988902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jit Sarkar ◽  
Sujay Krishna Maity ◽  
Abhishek Sen ◽  
Titli Nargis ◽  
Dipika Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Group

Aims: Obesity associated prolonged hyperinsulinemia followed by β-cell failure is well established as the pathology behind type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, studies on nonobese T2DM have reported it to be a distinct clinical entity with predominant insulin secretory defect. We, therefore, hypothesized that compensatory hyperinsulinemia in response to weight gain is impaired in nonobese subjects. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study from a community-based metabolic health screening program. Adiposity parameters including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage, plasma leptin concentration and metabolic parameters namely fasting insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured in 650 individuals (73% healthy, 62% nonobese with a BMI <25). Results: In contrast to obese T2DM, nonobese T2DM patients did not exhibit significant hyperinsulinemia compared with the nonobese healthy group. Age, sex, and fasting glucose adjusted insulin levels, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and HOMA-beta cell function (HOMA-B) were increased in obese T2DM compared with nonobese T2DM. Although adiposity parameters showed strong correlation with fasting insulin in obese healthy ( r = 0.38, 0.38, and 0.42, respectively; all p values < 0.001) and T2DM ( r = 0.54, 0.54, and 0.66, respectively; all p < 0.001), only BMI and leptin showed a weak correlation with insulin in the nonobese healthy group (0.13 and 0.13, respectively; all p < 0.05) which were completely lost in the nonobese T2DM. Conclusions: Compensatory hyperinsulinemia in response to weight gain is impaired in the nonobese population making insulin secretory defect rather than IR the major pathology behind nonobese T2DM.

Maternal age at childbirth is associated with offspring insulin sensitivity: a cross-sectional study in adult male siblings

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Verroken ◽  
Hans-Georg Zmierczak ◽  
Stefan Goemaere ◽  
Jean-Marc Kaufman ◽  
Bruno Lapauw
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Relationship between sleep disturbances, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity in type 1 diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Musser Tavares de Mattos ◽  
Yuri Sofiati Campos ◽  
Vitória Oliveira Fiorini ◽  
Yasmin Sab ◽  
Bruna Landeiro Tavares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type 1 Diabetic Patients

scholarly journals Insulin Sensitivity and Gynaecological Features of Infertile Cameroonian Females with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (13) ◽  
pp. 1247-1254
Author(s):  
Julius Sama Dohbit ◽  
Eugene Sobngwi ◽  
Jean Dupont Kemfang ◽  
Pascal Foumane ◽  
Joel Noutakdie Tochie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals A cross sectional study of fasting and post prandial insulin level as a predictor of insulin resistance with hyperinsulinemia with HOMA-IR >2.5 among overweight and obese prepubertal children in a tertiary care Hospital of Bangalore, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1382
Author(s):  
Sujith K. R. ◽  
Kiran Raj H.
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Basal Insulin ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Overweight and obesity has reached epidemic proportions in developed countries and is rapidly increasing. The proportion of children in the general population who are overweight and obese has doubled over the past two decades in developed and developing countries including India and have a rising prevalence of diabetes. Insulin resistance if detected early, we can intervene early to slow or halt the progression of the associated co morbidities. Dynamic phase of juvenile obesity is initially characterized by an abnormal postprandial profile of plasma insulin, even when fasting insulin levels are still normal and insulin sensitivity is slightly increased. Objective of present study was to find out the occurrence of hyperinsulinemia and Insulin Resistance Markers among   overweight and obese children between 7 to 11 years.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the Bangalore Baptist Hospital, Hebbal, Bangalore from September 2013 to May 2014. Children in the age group of 7 to 11 years who are overweight or obese admitted in the as per WHO Growth Charts were included in the study.A total of 51 Cases were included.Results: In present study the 21 (41.2%) of the study subjects were classified as Overweight and 30 (58.8%) were Obese. The association between level of HOMA-IR and the study variables like age, weight, Height, BMI, FBS, PPBS were found to not significant statistically with p value being more than 0.5. The Pearson Corelation between HOMA-IR and Fasting Blood Glucose, Post Prandial Blood Glucose level, Fasting Basal Insulin Level and Post Prandial Basal Insulin Level were found to statistically significant.Conclusions: Hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance is a concern not only in obese but also in overweight children as shown by the occurrence of insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Body composition and markers of cardiometabolic health in transgender youth compared to cisgender youth: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie J Nokoff ◽  
Sharon L Scarbro ◽  
Kerrie L Moreau ◽  
Philip Zeitler ◽  
Kristen J Nadeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transgender Youth

AbstractContextUp to 1.8% of adolescents identify as transgender and many more seek care, yet the impact of gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) on cardiometabolic health is unknown.ObjectiveTo determine insulin sensitivity and body composition among transgender females (TF) and males (TM) on estradiol or testosterone, compared to cisgender females (CF) and males (CM).DesignPilot, cross-sectional study conducted from 2016-2018.Setting. Academic regional transgender referral center.ParticipantsTransgender adolescents on either testosterone or estradiol for at least 3 months were recruited. Nineteen TM were matched to 19 CM and 42 CF on pubertal stage and body mass index (BMI). Eleven TF were matched to 23 CF and 13 TF to 24 CM on age and BMI.Main Outcome Measure(s)1/[fasting insulin] and body composition (dual-energy absorptiometry, DXA).ResultsTotal body fat was lower in TM than CF (29±7 vs. 33±7%, p=0.002) and higher than CM (28±7 vs. 24±9%, p=0.047). TM had higher lean mass than CF (68±7 vs. 64±7%, p=0.002) and lower than CM (69± vs. 73±8%, p=0.029). Insulin sensitivity was not different between the groups.TF had lower body fat than CF (31±7 vs. 35±8%, p=0.033) and higher than CM (28±6 vs. 20±10, p=0.001). TF had higher lean mass than CF (66±6 vs. 62±7%, p=0.032) and lower than CM (69±5 vs. 77±9%, p=0.001). TF were more insulin resistant than CM (0.078±0.025 vs. 0.142±0.064, p=0.011).ConclusionsTransgender adolescents on GAHT have significant differences in body composition compared to cisgender controls, with a body composition intermediate between BMI-matched cisgender males and females. These changes in body composition may have consequences for the cardiometabolic health of transgender adolescents.PrecisTransgender youth on gender affirming hormone therapy have differences in their percent fat and lean mass compared to cisgender (non-transgender) youth.

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