Effects of acute dietary nitrate supplementation on aortic blood pressure and aortic augmentation index in young and older adults

Nitric Oxide ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Hughes ◽  
Kenichi Ueda ◽  
David P. Treichler ◽  
Darren P. Casey
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure

scholarly journals Effects of Acute Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Aortic Blood Pressure and Wave Reflection in Young and Older Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Treichler ◽  
Kenichi Ueda ◽  
Charles Ganger ◽  
Aaron Schneider ◽  
William Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Wave Reflection ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure

Volume status and arterial blood pressures are associated with arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 378-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Erdan ◽  
Abdullah Ozkok ◽  
Nadir Alpay ◽  
Vakur Akkaya ◽  
Alaattin Yildiz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure

Background: Arterial stiffness is a strong predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate possible relations of arterial stiffness with volume status determined by bioimpedance analysis and aortic blood pressure parameters. Also, effects of a single hemodialysis session on these parameters were studied. Methods: A total of 75 hemodialysis patients (M/F: 43/32; mean age: 53 ± 17) were enrolled. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and aortic pulse pressure were measured by applanation tonometry before and after hemodialysis. Extracellular fluid and total body fluid volumes were determined by bioimpedance analysis. Results: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (9.30 ± 3.30 vs 7.59 ± 2.66 m/s, p < 0.001), augmentation index (24.52 ± 9.42 vs 20.28 ± 10.19, p < 0.001), and aortic pulse pressure (38 ± 14 vs 29 ± 8 mmHg, p < 0.001) significantly decreased after hemodialysis. Pre-dialysis carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was associated with age (r2 = 0.15, p = 0.01), total cholesterol (r2 = 0.06, p = 0.02), peripheral mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.10, p = 0.005), aortic-mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.06, p = 0.02), aortic pulse pressure (r2 = 0.14, p = 0.001), and extracellular fluid/total body fluid (r2 = 0.30, p < 0.0001). Pre-dialysis augmentation index was associated with total cholesterol (r2 = 0.06, p = 0,02), aortic-mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.16, p < 0.001), and aortic pulse pressure (r2 = 0.22, p < 0.001). Δcarotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was associated with Δaortic-mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.06, p = 0.02) and inversely correlated with baseline carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (r2 = 0.29, p < 0.001). Pre-dialysis Δaugmentation index was significantly associated with Δaortic-mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.09, p = 0.009) and Δaortic pulse pressure (r2 = 0.06, p = 0.03) and inversely associated with baseline augmentation index (r2 = 0.14, p = 0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis (adjusted R2 = 0.46, p < 0.001) to determine the factors predicting Log carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, extracellular fluid/total body fluid and peripheral mean blood pressure significantly predicted Log carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (p = 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). Conclusion: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and aortic pulse pressure significantly decreased after hemodialysis. Arterial stiffness was associated with both peripheral and aortic blood pressure. Furthermore, reduction in arterial stiffness parameters was related to reduction in aortic blood pressure. Pre-dialysis carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was associated with volume status determined by bioimpedance analysis. Volume control may improve not only the aortic blood pressure measurements but also arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients.

Attenuated aortic blood pressure responses to metaboreflex activation in older adults with dynapenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 110984
Author(s):  
Alexei Wong ◽  
Salvador J. Jaime ◽  
Brandon Grubbs ◽  
Lynn B. Panton ◽  
Stephen M. Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Responses

scholarly journals Novel biomarkers of kidney injury and fibrosis in patients with different severity of hypertension: relation to vascular reactivity and stiffness

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
S. A. Mironova ◽  
Yu. S. Yudina ◽  
M. A. Ionov ◽  
N. G. Avdonina ◽  
I. V. Emelyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Estimated Gfr ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure ◽  
Central Aortic Blood Pressure

Aim. To compare the relationships between conventional and new potentially more early investigational biomarkers (urine and ultrasound) of kidney injury and central aortic blood pressure, vascular stiffness and reactivity, endothelial dysfunction in patients with different severity of hypertension.Material and methods. Urine levels NGAL, KIM-1, L-FABP, albuminuria and serum levels of сystatin C and creatinine were measured in 92 hypertensive patients with mild and severe hypertension, 46 male (mean age 50,7±12,2 years). Glomerular filtration rate was estimated by the level of serum creatinine and cystatin C by MDRD and CKD-EPI formulas. Instrumental examination included measuring office blood pressure, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (SpaceLabs 90207), applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor, Artcor Medical) with the calculation of central aortic blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and augmentation index and Doppler ultrasonography with assessment of intraparenchymal renal arterial resistance indices — resistive index and pulsatility index (Vivid 7 dimension). Endothelial function was assessed by reactive hyperemia index with EndoPAT device (Itamar Medicals).Results. There were no differences in conventional levels of biomarkers between patients, however, cystatin C level increased and serum cystatin C estimated GFR and serum creatinine and cystatin C estimated GFR (CKD EPI formula) (sCr,Cys-estimated GFR) levels decreased with the severity of hypertension. These novel biomarkers were associated with increased central aortic blood pressure, arterial stiffness and intraparenchymal renal arterial resistance indices. Decreased sCr,Cys-estimated GFR levels were associated with lower reactive hyperemia index. There were no differences in NGAL, KIM-1 and L-FABP levels in patients with hypertension. However, NGAL levels were associated with increased augmentation index, resistive index in intralobular and pulsatility index in arcuate arteries, KIM-1 and L-FABP levels were associated with increased systolic and diastolic central aortic blood pressure, pulse wave velocity only in patients with severe and resistant hypertension.Conclusion. Serum cystatin C, NGAL, KIM-1 and L-FABP levels seem to be biomarkers of increased systemic and intrarenal vascular stiffness in patients with different severity of hypertension.

Effect of increased preload on the synthesized aortic blood pressure waveform

2010 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 484-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin S. Heffernan ◽  
James E. Sharman ◽  
Eun Sun Yoon ◽  
Eui Jin Kim ◽  
Su Jin Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Aortic Blood Flow ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Reservoir Function ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure ◽  
Aortic Reservoir Function

In the present study, we examined the influence of preload augmentation via passive leg elevation (PLE) on synthesized aortic blood pressure, aortic augmentation index (AIx), and aortic capacitance (a reflection of aortic reservoir function). Central and peripheral hemodynamics were measured via tonometry with a generalized transfer function in 14 young, healthy men (age = 24 yr). Aortic blood flow was calculated from the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) velocity-time integral (VTI) using standard two-dimensional echocardiographic-Doppler techniques. Measures were made in the supine position at rest (Pre), during PLE, and during recovery (Post). There was a significant increase in LVOT-VTI, synthesized aortic systolic blood pressure (BP) and AIx from Pre to PLE, with values returning to baseline Post ( P < 0.05). There was a reduction in aortic capacitance from Pre to PLE, with values returning to baseline Post ( P < 0.05). There was no change in heart rate, systemic arterial compliance, aortic elastance, aortic wave travel timing, or vascular resistance ( P > 0.05). Change in AIx from Pre to PLE was associated with change in LVOT-VTI ( r = 0.66, P < 0.05) and inversely associated with change in aortic capacitance ( r = −0.73, P < 0.05). These data suggest that in a setting of isolated augmented preload with minimal changes in other potential confounders, the morphology of the synthesized aortic BP waveform and AIx may be related to changes in aortic reservoir function.

Augmentation index and central aortic blood pressure in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 2252-2257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gion Ruegg ◽  
Rebecca H Mason ◽  
Maxine Hardinge ◽  
Jeremy Perkins ◽  
Marc Husmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure ◽  
Central Aortic Blood Pressure

Effects of short-term dietary nitrate supplementation on blood pressure, O2 uptake kinetics, and muscle and cognitive function in older adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (2) ◽  
pp. R73-R83 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Kelly ◽  
Jonathan Fulford ◽  
Anni Vanhatalo ◽  
Jamie R. Blackwell ◽  
Olivia French ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Resting Blood Pressure ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation ◽  
Plasma Nitrite

Dietary nitrate (NO3−) supplementation has been shown to reduce resting blood pressure and alter the physiological response to exercise in young adults. We investigated whether these effects might also be evident in older adults. In a double-blind, randomized, crossover study, 12 healthy, older (60–70 yr) adults supplemented their diet for 3 days with either nitrate-rich concentrated beetroot juice (BR; 2 × 70 ml/day, ∼9.6 mmol/day NO3−) or a nitrate-depleted beetroot juice placebo (PL; 2 × 70 ml/day, ∼0.01 mmol/day NO3−). Before and after the intervention periods, resting blood pressure and plasma [nitrite] were measured, and subjects completed a battery of physiological and cognitive tests. Nitrate supplementation significantly increased plasma [nitrite] and reduced resting systolic (BR: 115 ± 9 vs. PL: 120 ± 6 mmHg; P < 0.05) and diastolic (BR: 70 ± 5 vs. PL: 73 ± 5 mmHg; P < 0.05) blood pressure. Nitrate supplementation resulted in a speeding of the V̇o2 mean response time (BR: 25 ± 7 vs. PL: 28 ± 7 s; P < 0.05) in the transition from standing rest to treadmill walking, although in contrast to our hypothesis, the O2 cost of exercise remained unchanged. Functional capacity (6-min walk test), the muscle metabolic response to low-intensity exercise, brain metabolite concentrations, and cognitive function were also not altered. Dietary nitrate supplementation reduced resting blood pressure and improved V̇o2 kinetics during treadmill walking in healthy older adults but did not improve walking or cognitive performance. These results may have implications for the enhancement of cardiovascular health in older age.

Increased augmentation index and central aortic blood pressure in osteoporotic postmenopausal women

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Mangiafico ◽  
C. Alagona ◽  
P. Pennisi ◽  
N. Parisi ◽  
M. Mangiafico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure ◽  
Central Aortic Blood Pressure
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