scholarly journals Making and breaking symmetry in the zebrafish otic placode

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. S23
Author(s):  
Ryan D. Hartwell ◽  
Tanya T. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Otic Placode ◽  
Breaking Symmetry

The gains from breaking symmetry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Gajewy ◽  
Marcin Kwit
Keyword(s):  
Breaking Symmetry

scholarly journals Primary cilium polarity: morphogenetic consequences.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Regolini
Keyword(s):  
Primary Cilia ◽  
Break Symmetry ◽  
Otic Vesicle ◽  
Nodal Signaling ◽  
Lateral Plate Mesoderm ◽  
Cell Orientation ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Situs Solitus ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Breaking Symmetry

In zebrafish inner ear, hair cell orientation in anterior and posterior maculae of the embryonic otic vesicle is different (about 30-40 degrees): this is rather unusual in planar polarity mechanism of action, instead suggests that kinocilia may be rotationally polarized. In mice node, the innermost monociliated cells generate a left-ward fluid flow sensed by the immotile primary cilia of Left peri-nodal cells: the Nodal signaling pathway is then expressed asymmetrically, in the Left lateral plate mesoderm, breaking symmetry in visceral organs (situs solitus); however, Right peri-nodal cells also, if artificially excited by a right-ward flow, break symmetry and activate the Nodal cascade, though inverting visceral organ asymmetry (situs inversus); surprisingly, peri-nodal cells prove to be adept at distinguishing flow directionality. Recently, in the Kupffer vesicle (the zebrafish laterality organ), chiral primary cilia orientation has been described: primary cilia, in the left and right side, are symmetrically oriented, showing a mirror average divergence of about 15-20 degrees from the midline. This finding, taken together with the mirror behavior of mouse perinodal cells and zebrafish hair cells, champions the idea of primary cilia enantiomerism.

scholarly journals Tissue Engineering - Collagen Matrix Based Flaps - a Simple Construct. Experimental and Theoretical Aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3694-3699
Author(s):  
Sidonia Susanu ◽  
Andreea Moraru ◽  
Dan Costin ◽  
Cristina Marcela Rusu ◽  
Maricel Agop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collagen Synthesis ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Spontaneous Breaking ◽  
Vascular Pedicle ◽  
Network Development ◽  
Full Thickness Skin Graft ◽  
Thickness Skin ◽  
Vascular Connections ◽  
Arteriovenous Loop ◽  
Breaking Symmetry

In our study we demonstrate the possibility to create a free flap using only a collagen matrix and a vascular pedicle. The processes of cell migration and differentiation, endogenous collagen synthesis, vascular network development, all rely on the arteriovenous loop introduced in the scaffold with no participation of surrounding vascularity. The flap has the capability to revascularize a full thickness skin graft, and also to establish vascular connections with adjacent vascular territories. Also, a fractal mathematical model was built based on spontaneous breaking symmetry to explain the behaviors of biostructures mentioned above.

The neural crest and the acoustic ganglion

Development ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-541
Author(s):  
M. S. Deol
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Present Purpose ◽  
Difference Of Opinion ◽  
Mammalian Embryos ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Otic Placode ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mutant Genes

Although the origin of the acoustic ganglion has been the subject of numerous studies there is no unanimity of opinion about it. Most of the earlier investigators (Bartelmez, 1922; Adelman, 1925), using mammalian embryos, believed that it arose from the neural crest, but the experiments of Campenhout (1935) and Yntema (1937) on amphibian embryos led them to the view that it was largely, if not wholly, of placodal origin. This view was supported by Halley (1955), who worked on the cat, and later by Batten (1958), who worked on the sheep. In fact Batten stated categorically that the otic placode was the sole source of the acoustic ganglion. It was thought that an entirely new approach to the problem, namely the use of mutant genes, might help to resolve the difference of opinion. The most suitable mutant for the present purpose seemed to be piebald-lethal (symbol s1; Lane, 1966).

An organometallic half-sandwich supramolecular complex {K(18-Crown-6)(ηn-C6H5B(C6H5)3)} (n = 1–6) exhibiting a reversible breaking-symmetry phase transition and switchable dielectric behaviour

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (47) ◽  
pp. 16835-16839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Jun Yuan ◽  
Dong-Sheng Shao ◽  
Zhi-Yuan Yao ◽  
Wen-Long Liu ◽  
Xiao-Ming Ren
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Sandwich Structure ◽  
Dielectric Behavior ◽  
Supramolecular Complex ◽  
Dielectric Behaviour ◽  
Symmetry Phase ◽  
Half Sandwich ◽  
Breaking Symmetry

An organometallic supramolecular crystal of {K(18-crown-6)(ηn-C6H5B(C6H5)3)} (n = 1–6) has a half-sandwich structure and exhibits a reversible breaking-symmetry phase transition and switchable dielectric behavior.

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