[2.06] Quantitative fluorescence spectroscopy for the detection of cancer-specific enzymatic activity

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Tobias Beck ◽  
Herbert Stepp ◽  
Rainer Wittig ◽  
Peter Schubert ◽  
Markus Böhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Specific Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Quantitative Fluorescence

Quantitative Fluorescence Spectroscopy in Turbid Media: A Practical Solution to the Problem of Scattering and Absorption

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 2015-2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Chen ◽  
Zeng-Ping Chen ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Jing-Wen Jin ◽  
Juan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Turbid Media ◽  
Practical Solution ◽  
Quantitative Fluorescence

Biocement: Green Building- and Energy-Saving Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 4051-4054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Chu ◽  
Volodymyr Ivanov ◽  
Viktor Stabnikov ◽  
Jia He ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Specific Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Porous Soil

Cement and chemical grouts have often been used for soil strengthening. However, high cost, energy consumption, and harm to environment restrict their applications. Biocement could be a new green building- material and energy-saving material. Biocement is a mixture of enzymes or microbial biomass with inorganic chemicals, which can be produced from cheap raw materials. Supply of biocementing solution to the porous soil or mixing of dry biocement with clayey soil initiate biocementation of soil due to specific enzymatic activity. Different microorganisms and enzymes can be used for production of biocement.

Specific Enzymatic Activity of Ceruloplasmin as a Potential Indicator of Copper Status

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-256
Author(s):  
Kuldip Upadhyay ◽  
Ankit Viramgami
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Copper Metabolism ◽  
Acute Phase Reactant ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Specific Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Potential Indicator

Background:: The serum copper (Cu) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) concentrations are common blood markers of copper metabolism. In altered physiological conditions, Cp can act as an acute phase reactant and its concentration may increase. Objective:: To evaluate specific enzymatic activity of Cp as a potential indicator of Cu status and its correlation with serum Cu level. Methods:: Serum Cu levels were estimated as per NIOSH method. Specific enzymatic activity of Cp was determined from enzymatic activity and immune concentration of Cp as per standard methods. The statistical analysis was carried out using the package of social science (SPSS) software. Results:: The difference in mean specific enzymatic activity of Cp was statistically significant between clinical and control groups. In control population, the correlation between serum Cu level and specific enzymatic activity of Cp was moderate and statistically significant (r=0.566, p=0.014, N=18) as compared to the clinical group (r=0.338, p=0.016, N=50). Conclusion:: The study revealed that clinical group was significantly different in specific enzymatic activity of Cp as compared to control group. Besides this, the specific enzymatic activity of Cp was moderately but significantly correlated with serum Cu level in control group but did not reveal conclusive evidence in clinical population.

scholarly journals Germination of Crotalaria and Lupinus (Fabaceae) seeds submitted to different pre-germination treatments and their effect on enzymatic activity during early germination

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
B. Garduza-Acosta ◽  
L. C. Lagunes-Espinoza ◽  
C. C. Bautista-Muñoz ◽  
G. García-de-los-Santos ◽  
J. M. Zaldívar-Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Galactosidase Activity ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Specific Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Early Germination ◽  
Native Legume

Abstract Most of the wild and native legume seeds has a hard and impermeable testa, which causes physical dormancy and prevents them from germinating even when environmental conditions are favorable. The study evaluated the effect of scarification treatments on germination and enzymatic activity of Crotalaria longirostrata (Cl) and Lupinus exaltatus (Le) seeds. After scarification treatments, germination percentage (GP) and rate (GR) were assessed during 30 days after seeding (DAS); and water absorption (WA) and specific enzymatic activity (SEA) during early germination (0, 6, 18, 36, 72, 120 h) in a growing chamber at 25 °C and photoperiod of 12 h. Scarification with 98% H2SO4 15 min increased GP and GR in both species. At 30 DAS, GP and GR of Le seeds were 34% and 0.97 seeds day-1, respectively. In Cl seeds, GP was 64% and GR 0.90 seeds day-1. Scarification with H2O at 80 °C 1 min also promoted germination in Cl (52%). At 120 h after seeding, Le and Cl seeds showed already a high GP with acid scarification (31% and 48%, respectively). In seeds of both species, scarification treatments affected WA and SEA during early germination. During this period, scarification treatments that increased GP also showed a higher α-D-galactosidase activity. The maximum enzyme activity was observed 72 h after hot water scarification in Cl (82.6 U/mg total protein), followed by acid scarification (54.5 U/mg total protein). In Le, the activity peak was 36 h after acid scarification (9.5 U/mg total protein). No relationship was observed between β-glucosidase activity and GP in both species. In conclusion, during early germination of both species, the increase in GP is accompanied by a rise in α-D-galactosidase activity between 36 and 72 h after seeding; and in Cl seeds, an alternative scarification treatment to increase GP may be the use of hot water.

scholarly journals Impact of Dietary Supplementation of Flaxseed Meal on Intestinal Morphology, Specific Enzymatic Activity, and Cecal Microbiome in Broiler Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6714
Author(s):  
Roua Gabriela Popescu ◽  
Sorina Nicoleta Voicu ◽  
Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru ◽  
Sami Gharbia ◽  
Anca Hermenean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Flaxseed Meal ◽  
Specific Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Specific Activities

The use of natural feed additives could be a beneficial approach to maintaining the health of chickens and a way to improve food digestion. Flaxseed is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acid, alpha linolenic acid, oleic acid, and fiber. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of 4% flaxseed on the intestinal morphology, specific enzymatic activity, and cecal microbiome in broiler chickens. The 4-week feeding trial was conducted on 100 Cobb 500 (14 days of age) unsexed broiler chickens divided into two groups: a control group (C) and an experimental group (E). The broilers were housed in boxes of size 3 m2 (each group was housed in a single box with 10 replicates, 5 chickens per replicate) and reared on permanent wood shaves litter (10–12 cm thick). At the end of the experiment, chickens (n = 10) were sacrificed and tissue samples were harvested from the duodenum, jejunum, and cecum for histological, enzymatic, and microbiome analyses. In group E, histological analysis revealed a significant increase in villus height (p < 0.001) possibly leading to enhanced intestinal nutrient absorption. An increase in the specific activities of α-amylase (p < 0.05), invertase (p < 0.01), and endo-β-1,4-glucanase (p < 0.001) was noticed in the E group for the duodenum and jejunum compared to the control group. In contrast, maltase activity decreased in the duodenum and increased in the jejunum in the E group. The trypsin and lipase specific activities did not vary in a significant way. In addition, the cecal microbiome of the E group was characterized by an increase in Lactobacilli (p < 0.01) and Clostridium coccoides and a decrease in Bacteroides, Ruminoccocus, Enterobacteriaceae, and Clostridium leptum. In conclusion, our results suggest that dietary supplementation of flaxseed meal may boost intestinal health status in poultry.

Characterization of Aggression-Provoked Renin from An Unknown Source in Male Mice

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Poulsen ◽  
E. B. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Angiotensin I ◽  
Renin Substrate ◽  
Specific Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Aspartate Proteinase

1. In male mice without kidneys and submaxillary, as well as sublingual, glands aggressive behaviour causes a vast release of renin [J. Bing & K. Poulsen (1979) Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 107, 251–256]. 2. This resulted in about an 800-fold increase in plasma renin concentration from the control level of 0.52 (range 0.15-0.8) Goldblatt unit (G.U.) × 10−3/ml to 430 (range 300–500) G.U. × 10−3/ml after aggression. 3. The aggression-provoked renin fulfil all the criteria so far studied for being active renin, identical with normal mouse plasma renin and pure submaxillary mouse renin. 4. It generates angiotensin I with renin substrate and Km (1.2 μmol/l) is the same. It is neutralized by pepstatin but not by inhibitors of metallo-, thiol and serine proteinases, indicating that it is an aspartate proteinase (acidic proteinase). 5. It is a 40 000-mol.wt. renin, which has full enzymatic activity with a specific enzymatic activity of 0.32 G.U./μg, identical with that of normal plasma renin. 6. Its enzymatic activity is neutralized by a specific antibody against pure submaxillary renin. It is measurable in the direct renin radioimmunoassay with a dilution curve which parallels that of the standards. It demonstrates complete antigenic identity with pure submaxillary renin in crossed immunoelectrophoresis. 7. Its origin is unknown.

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