scholarly journals Impact of Candida albicans hyphal wall protein 1 (HWP1) genotype on biofilm production and fungal susceptibility to microglial cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 69-70 ◽  
pp. 20-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlotta F. Orsi ◽  
Elisa Borghi ◽  
Bruna Colombari ◽  
Rachele G. Neglia ◽  
Daniela Quaglino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Microglial Cells ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Hyphal Wall

scholarly journals Effect ofPiper betleandBrucea javanicaon the Differential Expression of Hyphal Wall Protein (HWP1) in Non-Candida albicans Candida(NCAC) Species

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Himratul Aznita Wan Harun ◽  
Nur Alyaa Jamil ◽  
Nor Hazwani Jamaludin ◽  
Mohd-Al-Faisal Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Brucea Javanica ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hyphal Wall

The study aimed to identify theHWP1gene in non-Candida albicans Candidaspecies and the differential expression ofHWP1following treatment withPiper betleandBrucea javanicaaqueous extracts. All candidal suspensions were standardized to1×106 cells/mL. The suspension was incubated overnight at 37 °C (C. parapsilosis, 35°C). Candidal cells were treated with each respective extract at 1, 3, and 6 mg/mL for 24 h. The total RNA was extracted and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was carried out with a specific primer ofHWP1.HWP1mRNAs were only detected inC. albicans,C. parapsilosis, andC. tropicalis. Exposing the cells to the aqueous extracts has affected the expression ofHWP1transcripts.C. albicans,C. parapsilosis, andC. tropicalishave demonstrated different intensity of mRNA. Compared toP. betle,B. javanicademonstrated a higher suppression on the transcript levels ofHWP1in all samples.HWP1was not detected inC. albicansfollowing the treatment ofB. javanicaat 1 mg/mL. In contrast,C. parapsilosisandC. tropicaliswere shown to haveHWP1regulation. However, the expression levels were reduced upon the addition of higher concentration ofB. javanicaextract.P. betleandB. javanicahave potential to be developed as oral health product.

Candidemia Candida albicans clusters have higher tendency to form biofilms than singleton genotypes†

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 887-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Díaz-García ◽  
Maiken C Arendrup ◽  
Rafael Cantón ◽  
Julio García-Rodríguez ◽  
Ana Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Hospital Environments ◽  
Marked Variability ◽  
Inert Surfaces ◽  
Biofilm Development

Abstract The capacity of Candida spp. to form biofilms allows them to attach either to living or inert surfaces, promoting their persistence in hospital environments. In a previous study, we reported strain-to-strain variations in Candida spp. biofilm development, suggesting that some genotypes may be greater biofilm formers than others. In this study, we hypothesize that isolates pertaining to clusters may be found more frequently in the environment due to their ability to form biofilms compared to singleton genotypes. Two hundred and thirty-nine Candida spp. isolates (78 clusters) from candidemia patients admitted to 16 hospitals located in different cities and countries—and the same number of singleton genotypes used as controls—were tested in terms of biofilm formation using the crystal violet and the XTT reduction assays. Candida albicans clusters showed higher biofilm formation in comparison to singleton genotypes (P < .01). The biofilms formed by intra-hospital C. albicans clusters showed higher metabolic activity (P < .05). Furthermore, marked variability was found among species and type of cluster. We observed that the higher the number of isolates, the higher the variability of biofilm production by isolates within the cluster, suggesting that the production of biofilm by isolates of the same genotype is quite diverse and does not depend on the type of cluster studied. In conclusion, candidemia Candida spp. clusters—particularly in the case of C. albicans—show significantly more biomass production and metabolic activity than singleton genotypes.

scholarly journals Genomic and functional analyses unveil the response to hyphal wall stress in Candida albicans cells lacking β(1,3)-glucan remodeling

BMC Genomics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Genny Degani ◽  
Enrico Ragni ◽  
Pedro Botias ◽  
Davide Ravasio ◽  
Julia Calderon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Functional Analyses ◽  
Hyphal Wall

scholarly journals Diagnosis of invasive candidiasis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the N-terminal fragment of Candida albicans hyphal wall protein 1

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Laín ◽  
Natalia Elguezabal ◽  
Sonia Brena ◽  
Juan García-Ruiz ◽  
Amalia del Palacio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Invasive Candidiasis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Terminal Fragment ◽  
Hyphal Wall

Interaction of Candida albicans with Fluconazole/ Clotrimazole: Effect on Hyphae Formation and Expression of Hyphal Wall Protein 1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakineh Jam Shahriari ◽  
Fahimeh Alizadeh ◽  
Alireza Khodavandi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Opportunistic Human Pathogen ◽  
Hyphal Wall ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background and Aims: Candida albicans (C. albicans) is the most common opportunistic human pathogen. Therapeutic options for Candida infections are limited to available antifungal drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fluconazole/clotrimazole (FLU/CLT) on C. albicans hyphae formation. Materials and Methods: We have established the effectiveness of the combination of FLU/CLT on C. albicans hyphae formation. Interaction of C. albicans with combination of FLU/CLT was performed using the CLSI guidelines and time-killing curves. We investigated the anti-hyphal activities of combination of FLU/CLT against C. albicans using XTT and crystal violet assays as well as scanning electron microscopy and expression of HWP1 gene. Results: The interaction of C. albicans with FLU/CLT resulted in synergistic, partial synergistic and indifferent effects. The interaction of FLU/CLT were confirmed by time-killing curves. FLU/CLT combined resulted in the reduction of metabolic activity and hyphae formation in C. albicans. Images taken by scanning electron microscopy indicated the effectiveness on hyphae disruption. According to relative real time polymerase chain reaction analysis, the mean Ct values revealed the significant decrease in expression level of the HWP1 gene. A 2.86- and 2.33-fold decrease in HWP1 gene expression was observed in combination of FLU/CLT treatment at 2× minimum inhibitory concentration and 1× minimum inhibitory concentration, respectively (p=0.002). Conclusions: We confirmed that the hyphae is a target for the combination of FLU/CLT in C. albicans. HWP1 gene is likely to be considered as a probable targets synergistic interaction of FLU/CLT against C. albicans.

scholarly journals Phr1p, a glycosylphosphatidylinsitol-anchored β(1,3)-glucanosyltransferase critical for hyphal wall formation, localizes to the apical growth sites and septa in Candida albicans

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 793-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Ragni ◽  
Julia Calderon ◽  
Umberto Fascio ◽  
Matthias Sipiczki ◽  
William A. Fonzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Apical Growth ◽  
Wall Formation ◽  
Hyphal Wall

scholarly journals ORAL CANDIDA CARRIAGE INCLUDING SPECIATION, BIOFILM PRODUCTION AND CORRELATION WITH OCCURRENCE OF DENTAL CARIES IN STUDENT POPULATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
Sumi Nandwani
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Student Population ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Oral Carriage ◽  
Oral Candida

The study was done to establish oral carriage of Candida, speciation, assay biofilm production and correlate the oral Candida carriage with occurrence of dental caries in students. Swab samples from oral cavity were collected from 206 students and were cultured for yeasts. Isolated yeasts were identified and detected for Biofilm production. Results: Overall Candida carriage was found in 90 of the 206 students (75 with caries). The rate of Candida carriage in students with caries (64%) was significantly higher as compared to overall carriage in students (43.7%). A total of 123 Candida strains were isolated including C albicans (63%), C tropicalis (23 %), C. parapsilosis (6 %), C. glabrata (4 %) and C. krusei (4 %). Biofilm production by C albicans was less frequent (42. 85%) than that by non-C albicans (63.33 %). and was significantly higher in students with caries than from without caries. Conclusion: We found a significant risk of dental caries with oral Candida carriage rates in student population. Candida albicans was the most common species isolated. Biofilm production was implicated in Candida virulence and was more important for non- C.albicans than C.albicans strains to establish infections.

scholarly journals Microglial Response to Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans: Implications in Endophthalmitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Jaishree Gandhi ◽  
Poonam Naik ◽  
Inderjeet Kaur ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Joveeta Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Microglial Cells ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Microglial Response ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

Aspergillus flavus is the most common etiology of fungal endophthalmitis in India, while Candida albicans is the causative agent in the West. In this study, we determined the role of microglial cells in evoking an inflammatory response following an infection with A. flavus and C. albicans strains isolated from patients with endophthalmitis. Microglia (CHME-3) cells were infected with A. flavus and C. albicans and the expression of Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs), cytokines and Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were assessed at various time intervals. A. flavus infected cells induced higher expressions of TLR-1, -2, -5, -6, -7 and -9 and cytokines such as IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-17. In contrast, C. albicans infected microglia induced only TLR-2 along with the downregulation of IL-10 and IL-17. The expression of MMP-9 (Matrix metalloproteinase-9) was however upregulated in both A. flavus and C. albicans infected microglia. These results indicate that microglial cells have the ability to incite an innate response towards endophthalmitis causing fungal pathogens via TLRs and inflammatory mediators. Moreover, our study highlights the differential responses of microglia towards yeast vs. filamentous fungi.

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