The antibacterial innate immune response by the mosquito Aedes aegypti is mediated by hemocytes and independent of Gram type and pathogenicity

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 448-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Hillyer
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune

Reassessing the role of defensin in the innate immune response of the mosquito, Aedes aegypti

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Bartholomay ◽  
J. F. Fuchs ◽  
L.-L. Cheng ◽  
E. T. Beck ◽  
J. Vizioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune

scholarly journals Differential Susceptibility and Innate Immune Response of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus to the Haitian Strain of the Mayaro Virus

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diop ◽  
Alout ◽  
Diagne ◽  
Bengue ◽  
Baronti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Npc1 Gene

Mayaro (MAYV) is an emerging arthropod-borne virus belonging to the Alphavirus genus of the Togaviridae family. Although forest-dwelling Haemagogus mosquitoes have been considered as its main vector, the virus has also been detected in circulating Aedes ssp mosquitoes. Here we assess the susceptibility of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus to infection with MAYV and their innate immune response at an early stage of infection. Aedes albopictus was more susceptible to infection with MAYV than Ae. aegypti. Analysis of transcript levels of twenty immunity-related genes by real-time PCR in the midgut of both mosquitoes infected with MAYV revealed increased expression of several immune genes, including CLIP-domain serine proteases, the anti-microbial peptides defensin A, E, cecropin E, and the virus inducible gene. The regulation of certain genes appeared to be Aedes species-dependent. Infection of Ae. aegypti with MAYV resulted in increased levels of myeloid differentiation2-related lipid recognition protein (ML26A) transcripts, as compared to Ae. albopictus. Increased expression levels of thio-ester-containing protein 22 (TEP22) and Niemann–Pick type C1 (NPC1) gene transcripts were observed in infected Ae. albopictus, but not Ae. aegypti. The differences in these gene expression levels during MAYV infection could explain the variation in susceptibility observed in both mosquito species.

Oral Immune Activation by Disgust and Disease-Related Pictures

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Stevenson ◽  
Deborah Hodgson ◽  
Megan J. Oaten ◽  
Luba Sominsky ◽  
Mehmet Mahmut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Markers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Secondary Analyses ◽  
Image Set

Abstract. Both disgust and disease-related images appear able to induce an innate immune response but it is unclear whether these effects are independent or rely upon a common shared factor (e.g., disgust or disease-related cognitions). In this study we directly compared these two inductions using specifically generated sets of images. One set was disease-related but evoked little disgust, while the other set was disgust evoking but with less disease-relatedness. These two image sets were then compared to a third set, a negative control condition. Using a wholly within-subject design, participants viewed one image set per week, and provided saliva samples, before and after each viewing occasion, which were later analyzed for innate immune markers. We found that both the disease related and disgust images, relative to the negative control images, were not able to generate an innate immune response. However, secondary analyses revealed innate immune responses in participants with greater propensity to feel disgust following exposure to disease-related and disgusting images. These findings suggest that disgust images relatively free of disease-related themes, and disease-related images relatively free of disgust may be suboptimal cues for generating an innate immune response. Not only may this explain why disgust propensity mediates these effects, it may also imply a common pathway.

IL-17C is a mediator of respiratory epithelial innate immune response

Pneumologie ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Pfeifer ◽  
M Voss ◽  
B Wonnenberg ◽  
M Bischoff ◽  
F Langer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial
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