scholarly journals Integrated RNA- and protein profiling of fermentation and respiration in diploid budding yeast provides insight into nutrient control of cell growth and development

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 30-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Becker ◽  
Yuchen Liu ◽  
Aurélie Lardenois ◽  
Thomas Walther ◽  
Joe Horecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Protein Profiling ◽  
Nutrient Control ◽  
Insight Into

Learning for Another: From Self-Interest to Altruism

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron W. Snyder ◽  
Stephen C. Yanchar ◽  
Edwin E. Gantt
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Communal Learning ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Cross Case Analysis ◽  
Insight Into

This qualitative study offers an examination of the learning experiences of six individuals, each of whom initially learned for self-interested purposes, but later experienced a shift in their desire and pursued learning to benefit others. We conducted interviews that described this phenomenon and provided insight into the following question: What is the experience of a learner who transitions from learning out of self-interest to learning for the sake of another? Findings of this study include narrative case summaries for each participant and a cross-case analysis that includes six major themes regarding participants’ transition to altruistic forms of learning: humility as a prerequisite, communal learning, emphasis on the success of others, becoming more self-confident, becoming a more effective learner, and becoming more other centered. Overall, participants in this study found the most meaning by helping recipients achieve their own growth and development rather than by merely accomplishing tasks.

Activated Akt promotes increased resting T cell size, CD28-independent T cell growth, and development of autoimmunity and lymphoma

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 2223-2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Rathmell ◽  
Rebecca L. Elstrom ◽  
Ryan M. Cinalli ◽  
Craig B. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
T Cell Growth

scholarly journals Microhomology Selection for Microhomology Mediated End Joining in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kihoon Lee ◽  
Jae-Hoon Ji ◽  
Kihoon Yoon ◽  
Jun Che ◽  
Ja-Hwan Seol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Dna Breaks ◽  
End Joining ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
Proximal Side ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Insight Into

Microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) anneals short, imperfect microhomologies flanking DNA breaks, producing repair products with deletions in a Ku- and RAD52-independent fashion. Puzzlingly, MMEJ preferentially selects certain microhomologies over others, even when multiple microhomologies are available. To define rules and parameters for microhomology selection, we altered the length, the position, and the level of mismatches to the microhomologies flanking homothallic switching (HO) endonuclease-induced breaks and assessed their effect on MMEJ frequency and the types of repair product formation. We found that microhomology of eight to 20 base pairs carrying no more than 20% mismatches efficiently induced MMEJ. Deletion of MSH6 did not impact MMEJ frequency. MMEJ preferentially chose a microhomology pair that was more proximal from the break. Interestingly, MMEJ events preferentially retained the centromere proximal side of the HO break, while the sequences proximal to the telomere were frequently deleted. The asymmetry in the deletional profile among MMEJ products was reduced when HO was induced on the circular chromosome. The results provide insight into how cells search and select microhomologies for MMEJ in budding yeast.

GENERATIVE CYCLES OF PROTEIN AND TRANSAMINASE IN THE GROWING CORN RADICLE

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Transaminase Activity ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Linear Distance ◽  
Cellular Development

Measurements have been made of growth rates, cell numbers, fresh and dry weights, protein and soluble nitrogen levels, and glutamic–aspartic transaminase activity in six successive 2 mm segments of the radicles of 3-day-old corn seedlings. The measured quantities of protein and enzyme activity are related to the stage of average cellular development, to a linear distance scale along the axis of the radicle, and to the time scale. Increments per cell per hour during cell growth are therefore computed. An attempt is made to explain the significance of the genesis of the transaminase in the growth and development of the radicle cells, to the concurrent genesis of total and specific protein, and to other generative cycles.

scholarly journals Specific Inhibition of Elm1 Kinase Activity Reveals Functions Required for Early G1 Events

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (17) ◽  
pp. 6327-6337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparna Sreenivasan ◽  
Anthony C. Bishop ◽  
Kevan M. Shokat ◽  
Douglas R. Kellogg
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Specific Inhibition ◽  
Bud Emergence ◽  
Wee1 Kinase ◽  
Yeast Homolog

ABSTRACT In budding yeast, the Elm1 kinase is required for coordination of cell growth and cell division at G2/M. Elm1 is also required for efficient cytokinesis and for regulation of Swe1, the budding yeast homolog of the Wee1 kinase. To further characterize Elm1 function, we engineered an ELM1 allele that can be rapidly and selectively inhibited in vivo. We found that inhibition of Elm1 kinase activity during G2 results in a phenotype similar to the phenotype caused by deletion of the ELM1 gene, as expected. However, inhibition of Elm1 kinase activity earlier in the cell cycle results in a prolonged G1 delay. The G1 requirement for Elm1 kinase activity occurs before bud emergence, polarization of the septins, and synthesis of G1 cyclins. Inhibition of Elm1 kinase activity during early G1 also causes defects in the organization of septins, and inhibition of Elm1 kinase activity in a strain lacking the redundant G1 cyclins CLN1 and CLN2 is lethal. These results demonstrate that the Elm1 kinase plays an important role in G1 events required for bud emergence and septin organization.

scholarly journals Pervasive Phenotypic Impact of a Large Nonrecombining Introgressed Region in Yeast

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 2520-2530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Brion ◽  
Claudia Caradec ◽  
David Pflieger ◽  
Anne Friedrich ◽  
Joseph Schacherer
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Phenotypic Effect ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Introgressed Region

Abstract To explore the origin of the diversity observed in natural populations, many studies have investigated the relationship between genotype and phenotype. In yeast species, especially in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, these studies are mainly conducted using recombinant offspring derived from two genetically diverse isolates, allowing to define the phenotypic effect of genetic variants. However, large genomic variants such as interspecies introgressions are usually overlooked even if they are known to modify the genotype–phenotype relationship. To have a better insight into the overall phenotypic impact of introgressions, we took advantage of the presence of a 1-Mb introgressed region, which lacks recombination and contains the mating-type determinant in the Lachancea kluyveri budding yeast. By performing linkage mapping analyses in this species, we identified a total of 89 loci affecting growth fitness in a large number of conditions and 2,187 loci affecting gene expression mostly grouped into two major hotspots, one being the introgressed region carrying the mating-type locus. Because of the absence of recombination, our results highlight the presence of a sexual dimorphism in a budding yeast for the first time. Overall, by describing the phenotype–genotype relationship in the Lachancea kluyveri species, we expanded our knowledge on how genetic characteristics of large introgression events can affect the phenotypic landscape.

scholarly journals Nutrient control of eukaryote cell growth: a systems biology study in yeast

BMC Biology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Gutteridge ◽  
Pınar Pir ◽  
Juan I Castrillo ◽  
Philip D Charles ◽  
Kathryn S Lilley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Nutrient Control
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