Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides improve insulin sensitivity by regulating inflammatory cytokines and gut microbiota composition in mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Xu ◽  
Y. Dou ◽  
B. Ye ◽  
Q. Wu ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Improve Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharides ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Dietary Alaska pollock protein alters insulin sensitivity and gut microbiota composition in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 3628-3637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryota Hosomi ◽  
Ayano Nishimoto ◽  
Toshihiro Kobayashi ◽  
Yuki Ikeda ◽  
Megumi Mitsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Ganoderic acid A from Ganoderma lucidum ameliorates lipid metabolism and alters gut microbiota composition in hyperlipidemic mice fed a high-fat diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 6818-6833
Author(s):  
Wei-Ling Guo ◽  
Jian-Bin Guo ◽  
Bin-Yu Liu ◽  
Jin-Qiang Lu ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Ganoderic Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Ganoderic acid A from Ganoderma lucidum has the potential to prevent hyperlipidemia, modulates the composition of gut microbiota in hyperlipidemic mice, and significantly attenuates the liver metabolite profile in hyperlipidemic mice.

Ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum ameliorates lipid metabolic disorders and modulates the gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet fed rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 3419-3431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Ling Guo ◽  
Yu-Yang Pan ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
Tian-Tian Li ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

Ethanol extract from Ganoderma lucidum (GL95), enriched with triterpenoids, has the potential to ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders, in part through modulating specific gut microbiota and regulating the mRNA expression levels of the genes involved in lipid and cholesterol.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota composition strongly correlates to peripheral insulin sensitivity in obese men but not in women

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Most ◽  
G.H. Goossens ◽  
D. Reijnders ◽  
E.E. Canfora ◽  
J. Penders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Gut microbiota composition may play an important role in the development of obesity-related comorbidities. However, only few studies have investigated gender-differences in microbiota composition and gender-specific associations between microbiota or microbial products and insulin sensitivity. Insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp), body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), substrate oxidation (indirect calorimetry), systemic inflammatory markers and microbiota composition (PCR) were determined in male (n=15) and female (n=14) overweight and obese subjects. Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes-ratio was higher in men than in women (P=0.001). Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes-ratio was inversely related to peripheral insulin sensitivity only in men (men: P=0.003, women: P=0.882). This association between Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes-ratio and peripheral insulin sensitivity did not change after adjustment for dietary fibre and saturated fat intake, body composition, fat oxidation and markers of inflammation. Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes-ratio was not associated with hepatic insulin sensitivity. Men and women differ in microbiota composition and its impact on insulin sensitivity, implying that women might be less sensitive to gut microbiota-induced metabolic aberrations than men. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02381145.

scholarly journals Alleviative Effects of Exopolysaccharide Produced by Lactobacillus helveticus KLDS1.8701 on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2086
Author(s):  
Yin Liu ◽  
Shujuan Zheng ◽  
Jiale Cui ◽  
Tingting Guo ◽  
Jingtao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Mucosal Barrier Function ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a non-specific chronic inflammatory disease with lesions located in the colon and rectum. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of exopolysaccharide-1 (EPS-1) isolated by L. helveticus KLDS1.8701 on UC. The anti-inflammatory effects of EPS-1 were studied using dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced UC model. In vivo results showed that EPS-1 administration significantly ameliorated weight loss, colon shortening, disease activity index (DAI) score, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and colon tissue damage. In addition, EPS-1 administration significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Meanwhile, EPS-1 administration significantly up-regulated the expression of tight junction proteins and mucin. Furthermore, EPS-1 administration modulated gut microbiota composition caused by DSS and increased the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels. Collectively, our study showed the alleviative effects of EPS- isolated by L. helveticus KLDS1.8701 on DSS-induced UC via alleviating intestinal inflammation, improving mucosal barrier function, and modulating gut microbiota composition.

scholarly journals A209 ROLE OF SEROTONIN-AUTOPHAGY AXIS IN REGULATION OF EPITHELIAL CELL FUNCTION AND MICROBIOTA COMPOSITION IN GUT

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 81-82
Author(s):  
S Haq ◽  
H Wang ◽  
J J Kim ◽  
E Y Kwon ◽  
S Banskota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Ec Cells ◽  
Mucosal Scraping ◽  
Ht 29 ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Background Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT), an enteric signalling molecule mainly produced by the enterochromaffin (EC) cells of the intestinal epithelium regulates various processes of the gut. Tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1) is the rate-limiting enzyme of 5-HT biosynthesis in EC cells. In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis, there are alterations in 5-HT content and microbiota composition in the gut. Previously we reported, Tph1-deficient (Tph1-/-) mice with reduced 5-HT in the gut exhibit reduced susceptibility to colitis. The mechanism by which 5-HT regulates colitis is unknown. Autophagy, a catabolic process regulates the function of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), gut microbiota, and protects against intestinal inflammation. Both aberrant 5-HT signalling and autophagy is implicated in colitis. It is unclear whether they interact in regulation of production of pro-inflammatory cytokines from IECs and gut microbiota composition in relation to colitis. Our hypothesis is, an increase in 5-HT signalling inhibits autophagy in the IECs, which results in up-regulation of colitis by increasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and by selection for a more colitogenic microbiota. Aims To define the role of 5-HT-autophagy axis in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines from IECs and gut microbiota composition in intestinal inflammation. Methods We investigated level of autophagy with or without 5% dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) in colons, mucosal scraping and IECs of Tph1-/- and their wild-type (WT) littermates. In addition, autophagy and proinflammatory cytokine production were investigated in human colonic epithelial cells (HT-29) following stimulation by 5-HT. We evaluated colitis and gut microbiota composition in WT, Tph1-/-, epithelial-specific autophagy gene Atg7 deficient (Atg7ΔIEC), and Atg7ΔIECTph1-/- (double knock out; DKO) mice. Results Tph1 -/- mice, with less 5-HT in the gut than WT mice following DSS administration exhibited an up-regulation of autophagy markers in the colon, mucosal scraping and IECs along with reduction of colitis severity. 5-HT treatment of HT-29 cells resulted in down-regulation of autophagy and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-8. DKO mice exhibited increased severity of DSS-colitis, and altered microbiota composition compared to Tph1-/- mice. Conclusions These findings suggest, an increase in 5-HT in colitis inhibits autophagy in the IECs that contribute to alteration of the gut microbiota and disease severity. Blocking 5-HT signalling may promote autophagy in the IECs and alleviate the severity of colitis. Understanding the contribution of 5-HT in autophagy may identify new therapeutic target in IBD and other intestinal inflammatory conditions that exhibit dysregulated autophagy. Funding Agencies CAG, CIHR

scholarly journals Plasma Metabolites Related to Peripheral and Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity Are Not Directly Linked to Gut Microbiota Composition

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2308
Author(s):  
Annefleur M. Koopen ◽  
Nicolien C. de Clercq ◽  
Moritz V. Warmbrunn ◽  
Hilde Herrema ◽  
Mark Davids ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Plasma metabolites affect a range of metabolic functions in humans, including insulin sensitivity (IS). A subset of these plasma metabolites is modified by the gut microbiota. To identify potential microbial–metabolite pathways involved in IS, we investigated the link between plasma metabolites, gut microbiota composition, and IS, using the gold-standard for peripheral and hepatic IS measurement in a group of participants with metabolic syndrome (MetSyn). In a cross-sectional study with 115 MetSyn participants, fasting plasma samples were collected for untargeted metabolomics analysis and fecal samples for 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. A two-step hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp was performed to assess peripheral and hepatic IS. Collected data were integrated and potential interdependence between metabolites, gut microbiota, and IS was analyzed using machine learning prediction models. Plasma metabolites explained 13.2% and 16.7% of variance in peripheral and hepatic IS, respectively. Fecal microbiota composition explained 4.2% of variance in peripheral IS and was not related to hepatic IS. Although metabolites could partially explain the variances in IS, the top metabolites related to peripheral and hepatic IS did not significantly correlate with gut microbiota composition (both on taxonomical level and alpha-diversity). However, all plasma metabolites could explain 18.5% of the variance in microbial alpha-diversity (Shannon); the top 20 metabolites could even explain 44.5% of gut microbial alpha-diversity. In conclusion, plasma metabolites could partially explain the variance in peripheral and hepatic IS; however, these metabolites were not directly linked to the gut microbiota composition, underscoring the intricate relation between plasma metabolites, the gut microbiota, and IS in MetSyn

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