The effects of gamma irradiation on growth and expression of genes encoding DNA repair-related proteins in Lombardy poplar (Populus nigra var. italica)

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Nishiguchi ◽  
Tokihiko Nanjo ◽  
Kazumasa Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Populus Nigra ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Lombardy Poplar

scholarly journals GABA Accumulation Causes Cell Elongation Defects and a Decrease in Expression of Genes Encoding Secreted and Cell Wall-Related Proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 894-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugues Renault ◽  
Abdelhak El Amrani ◽  
Ravishankar Palanivelu ◽  
Emily P. Updegraff ◽  
Agnès Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Elongation ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Gaba Accumulation ◽  
Related Proteins

scholarly journals Coordination of plastid and nuclear gene expression

2003 ◽  
Vol 358 (1429) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Gray ◽  
James A. Sullivan ◽  
Jun-Hui Wang ◽  
Cheryl A. Jerome ◽  
Daniel MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Nuclear Genes ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Nuclear Gene Expression ◽  
Plastid Genomes ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Coordinated Expression ◽  
Plastid Protein ◽  
Related Proteins

The coordinated expression of genes distributed between the nuclear and plastid genomes is essential for the assembly of functional chloroplasts. Although the nucleus has a pre–eminent role in controlling chloroplast biogenesis, there is considerable evidence that the expression of nuclear genes encoding photosynthesis–related proteins is regulated by signals from plastids. Perturbation of several plastid–located processes, by inhibitors or in mutants, leads to decreased transcription of a set of nuclear photosynthesis–related genes. Characterization of arabidopsis gun ( genomes uncoupled ) mutants, which express nuclear genes in the presence of norflurazon or lincomycin, has provided evidence for two separate signalling pathways, one involving tetrapyrrole biosynthesis intermediates and the other requiring plastid protein synthesis. In addition, perturbation of photosynthetic electron transfer produces at least two different redox signals, as part of the acclimation to altered light conditions. The recognition of multiple plastid signals requires a reconsideration of the mechanisms of regulation of transcription of nuclear genes encoding photosynthesis–related proteins.

scholarly journals Global Regulatory Impact of ClpP Protease of Staphylococcus aureus on Regulons Involved in Virulence, Oxidative Stress Response, Autolysis, and DNA Repair

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (16) ◽  
pp. 5783-5796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Michel ◽  
Franziska Agerer ◽  
Christof R. Hauck ◽  
Mathias Herrmann ◽  
Joachim Ullrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Oxidative Stress Response ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Regulatory Impact

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen, causing a wide range of infections including sepsis, wound infections, pneumonia, and catheter-related infections. In several pathogens ClpP proteases were identified by in vivo expression technologies to be important for virulence. Clp proteolytic complexes are responsible for adaptation to multiple stresses by degrading accumulated and misfolded proteins. In this report clpP, encoding the proteolytic subunit of the ATP-dependent Clp protease, was deleted, and gene expression of ΔclpP was determined by global transcriptional analysis using DNA-microarray technology. The transcriptional profile reveals a strong regulatory impact of ClpP on the expression of genes encoding proteins that are involved in the pathogenicity of S. aureus and adaptation of the pathogen to several stresses. Expression of the agr system and agr-dependent extracellular virulence factors was diminished. Moreover, the loss of clpP leads to a complete transcriptional derepression of genes of the CtsR- and HrcA-controlled heat shock regulon and a partial derepression of genes involved in oxidative stress response, metal homeostasis, and SOS DNA repair controlled by PerR, Fur, MntR, and LexA. The levels of transcription of genes encoding proteins involved in adaptation to anaerobic conditions potentially regulated by an Fnr-like regulator were decreased. Furthermore, the expression of genes whose products are involved in autolysis was deregulated, leading to enhanced autolysis in the mutant. Our results indicate a strong impact of ClpP proteolytic activity on virulence, stress response, and physiology in S. aureus.

Expression of genes encoding PR10 class pathogenesis-related proteins is inhibited in yellow lupine root nodules

Plant Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał M Sikorski ◽  
Jacek Biesiadka ◽  
Alina E Kasperska ◽  
Joanna Kopcińska ◽  
Barbara Łotocka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodules ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Proteins ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Yellow Lupine ◽  
Related Proteins

scholarly journals Insulin receptor substrate 1 gene expression is strongly up-regulated by HSPB8 silencing in U87 glioma cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-243
Author(s):  
Oksana S. Hnatiuk ◽  
Dariia O. Tsymbal ◽  
Dmytro O. Minchenko ◽  
Olena O. Khita ◽  
Yulia M. Viletska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Insulin Receptor Substrate ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Related Proteins

Abstract Objective. The aim of the present investigation was to study the expression of genes encoding IRS1 (insulin receptor substrate 1) and some other functionally active proteins in U87 glioma cells under silencing of polyfunctional chaperone HSPB8 for evaluation of the possible significance of this protein in intergenic interactions. Methods. Silencing of HSPB8 mRNA was introduced by HSPB8 specific siRNA. The expression level of HSPB8, IRS1, HK2, GLO1, HOMER3, MYL9, NAMPT, PER2, PERP, GADD45A, and DEK genes was studied in U87 glioma cells by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results. It was shown that silencing of HSPB8 mRNA by specific to HSPB8 siRNA led to a strong down-regulation of this mRNA and significant modification of the expression of IRS1 and many other genes in glioma cells: strong up-regulated of HOMER3, GLO1, and PERP and down-regulated of MYL9, NAMPT, PER2, GADD45A, and DEK gene expressions. At the same time, no significant changes were detected in the expression of HK2 gene in glioma cells treated by siRNA, specific to HSPB8. Moreover, the silencing of HSPB8 mRNA enhanced the glioma cells proliferation rate. Conclusions. Results of this investigation demonstrated that silencing of HSPB8 mRNA affected the expression of IRS1 gene as well as many other genes encoding tumor growth related proteins. It is possible that the dysregulation of most of the studied genes in glioma cells after silencing of HSPB8 is reflected by a complex of intergenic interactions and that this polyfunctional chaperone is an important factor for the stability of genome function and regulatory mechanisms contributing to the tumorigenesis control.

scholarly journals Genes Encoding ACE2, TMPRSS2 and Related Proteins Mediating SARS-CoV-2 Viral Entry are Upregulated with Age in Human Cardiomyocytes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma L. Robinson ◽  
Kanar Alkass ◽  
Olaf Bergmann ◽  
Janet J. Maguire ◽  
H. Llewelyn Roderick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Entry ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Human Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Related Proteins

AbstractAge is an independent risk factor for adverse outcome in patients following COVID-19 infection. We hypothesised that differential expression of genes encoding proteins proposed to be required for entry of SARS-Cov-2 in aged compared to younger cardiomyocytes might contribute to the susceptibility of older individuals to COVID-19-associated cardiovascular complications.We generated strand-specific RNA-sequencing libraries from RNA isolated from flow-sorted cardiomyocyte nuclei from left ventricular tissue. RNASeq data were compared between five young (19-25yr) and five older (63-78yr) Caucasian males who had not been on medication or exhibited evidence of cardiovascular disease post-mortem.Expression of relevant genes encoding ACE2, TMPRSS2, TMPRS11D, TMPRS11E, FURIN, CTSL, CTSB and B0AT1/SLC6A19 were upregulated in aged cardiomyocytes and the combined relative cardiomyocyte expression of these genes correlated positively with age. Genes encoding proteins in the RAAS and interferon/interleukin pathways were also upregulated such as ACE, AGTR1, MAS1 and IL6R.Our results highlight SARS-CoV-2 related genes that have higher expression in aged compared with young adult cardiomyocytes. These data may inform studies using selective enzyme inhibitors/antagonists, available as experimental compounds or clinically approved drugs e.g. remdesivir that has recently been rapidly accepted for compassionate use, to further understand the contribution of these pathways in human cardiomyocytes to disease outcome in COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Direct Regulation of DNA Repair by E2F and RB in Mammals and Plants: Core Function or Convergent Evolution?

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Swarnalatha Manickavinayaham ◽  
Briana K. Dennehey ◽  
David G. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Dna Double Strand Breaks ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
E2f Transcription Factor ◽  
Dna End Resection

Members of the E2F transcription factor family regulate the expression of genes important for DNA replication and mitotic cell division in most eukaryotes. Homologs of the retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor inhibit the activity of E2F factors, thus controlling cell cycle progression. Organisms such as budding and fission yeast have lost genes encoding E2F and RB, but have gained genes encoding other proteins that take on E2F and RB cell cycle-related functions. In addition to regulating cell proliferation, E2F and RB homologs have non-canonical functions outside the mitotic cell cycle in a variety of eukaryotes. For example, in both mammals and plants, E2F and RB homologs localize to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and directly promote repair by homologous recombination (HR). Here, we discuss the parallels between mammalian E2F1 and RB and their Arabidopsis homologs, E2FA and RB-related (RBR), with respect to their recruitment to sites of DNA damage and how they help recruit repair factors important for DNA end resection. We also explore the question of whether this role in DNA repair is a conserved ancient function of the E2F and RB homologs in the last eukaryotic common ancestor or whether this function evolved independently in mammals and plants.

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