Theoretical effects of industrial emissions on colour change at rock art sites on Burrup Peninsula, Western Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Black ◽  
Ian D. MacLeod ◽  
Benjamin W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Industrial Emissions

scholarly journals Atmospheric Trace Metal Deposition from Natural and Anthropogenic Sources in Western Australia

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Strzelec ◽  
Bernadette C. Proemse ◽  
Leon A. Barmuta ◽  
Melanie Gault-Ringold ◽  
Maximilien Desservettaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Aerosol Deposition ◽  
Metal Deposition ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Ocean Productivity ◽  
Atmospheric Concentrations

Aerosols from Western Australia supply micronutrient trace elements including Fe into the western shelf of Australia and further afield into the Southern and Indian Oceans. However, regional observations of atmospheric trace metal deposition are limited. Here, we applied a series of leaching experiments followed by total analysis of bulk aerosol samples to a unique time-series of aerosol samples collected in Western Australia to determine atmospheric concentrations and solubilities of Fe and V, Mn, Co, Zn, and Pb. Positive matrix factorisation analysis indicated that mineral dust, biomass burning particulates, sea salt, and industrial emissions were the major types of aerosols. Overall, natural sources dominated Fe deposition. Higher atmospheric concentrations of mineral dust (sixfold) and biomass burning emissions were observed in warmer compared to cooler months. The fraction of labile Fe (0.6–6.0%) was lower than that reported for other regions of Australia. Bushfire emissions are a temporary source of labile Fe and may cause a peak in the delivery of its more easily available forms to the ocean. Increased labile Fe deposition may result in higher ocean productivity in regions where Fe is limiting, and the effect of aerosol deposition on ocean productivity in this region requires further study.

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