scholarly journals Pliny the Elder and Sr–Nd isotopes: tracing the provenance of raw materials for Roman glass production

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1993-2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Degryse ◽  
J. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Nd Isotopes ◽  
Pliny The Elder ◽  
Roman Glass

scholarly journals Composition data of a large collection of black-appearing Roman glass

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Cagno ◽  
Peter Cosyns ◽  
Veerle Van der Linden ◽  
Olivier Schalm ◽  
Andrei Izmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Flat Surfaces ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Roman Glass ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
Selection Of

Jewels and tableware made of black-appearing glass were popular in the Roman Empire. Compositional changes (due to modifications in glassmaking technology and use of raw materials) over the period considered (1st-5th century AD) have been investigated on a large number of samples originating from various archaeological excavations in Europe, Northern Africa and the Near East. In the course of this work, over 400 samples of Roman glass, the greatest part of them deeply coloured glass fragments, were embedded into acrylic resin and mechanically ground and polished in order to obtain flat surfaces of unaltered glass. The samples were analysed with scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and the quantification was performed by using a standard-less ZAF software. The trace elements contained in a selection of glass samples were determined via laser ablation-inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometry. The data collected in this study show that from about 150 AD a change in the black glass production process occurred, involving coloration of raw glass made with iron in the secondary workshops. Furthermore, from the 4th century AD on we can observe a change in the type of raw glass used, while the colouring process was maintained. The main aim of this paper is to provide glass scholars with the analysis results, as reference and comparison for further studies.

Resource-Saving Technologies in the Thermal Insulation-Structural Foam Glass Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 356-361
Author(s):  
O.V. Kuznetsova ◽  
N.D. Yatsenko ◽  
A.I. Subbotin ◽  
M.Yu. Klimenko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Structural Foam ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Research Areas

The modern building materials market places high demands on heat-insulating and heat-insulating structural materials. In this connection, the issues of developing high-quality building materials obtained on the resource-saving technologies basis allowing to solve two interrelated problems are topical. The first problem is the industrial waste generated and existing stocks disposal. The second is associated with a decrease in the traditional raw materials deficit [1]. These problems solution, combining rational technological solutions, is based on the scientific research achievements in this area, in particular in the foam glass production. The priority scientific research areas in the foam glass materials production are the developments related to the study, the new raw materials use and the production of foam glass mixture compositions on their basis, which provide, along with the necessary performance properties, high environmental safety requirements [2, 3].

ISOTOPES ON THE BEACH, PART 1: STRONTIUM ISOTOPE RATIOS AS A PROVENANCE INDICATOR FOR LIME RAW MATERIALS USED IN ROMAN GLASS-MAKING

Archaeometry ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. BREMS ◽  
M. GANIO ◽  
K. LATRUWE ◽  
L. BALCAEN ◽  
M. CARREMANS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Strontium Isotope ◽  
Glass Making ◽  
Roman Glass ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Strontium Isotope Ratios

scholarly journals Filter Medias from Granulated Foam-glass, Properties Investigated for Water Treatment Possibilities

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramunė Žurauskienė ◽  
Marina Valentukevičienė ◽  
Raminta Žurauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Water Cleaning ◽  
Porous Granule ◽  
Granule Surface ◽  
Granule Properties

Inorganic material – granulated foam-glass produced from glass breakage in small porous granule shape. Foam-glass is gotten by connecting thoroughly grounded glass with foamers, later this composition is heated in the furnace in especially high temperature and is turned into various diameter greyish granules. Granulated foam-glass is a unique ecological material of which inner structure pores are arranged in such a way that air is trapped inside. Foam-glass production technology is one of the most advanced since the product is made from secondary raw materials, not leaving any third row waste. From granule surface images it can be seen that granule surface has pores and voids, some of these pores are closed, others are connected with granule’s inner pores, all pore walls are smooth, and the wall material is vitrified. Pores and voids are arranged chaotically in smaller granules, bigger granules inner space structure is tidy, bigger part is occupied by correctly arranged bigger pores and space between them is filled with smaller pores. Granules are composed of amorphous phase, in mineralogical composition can emit one material cristobalite. In the work were researched two fraction granules: 0/2 and 2/4 as well as determined 0/4 fraction granular-metric composition. Researched and determined main physical granule properties and properties related to water effect to the material, shown in micro-structural granule surface and inner structure images. According to explored properties it can be noted that granules can be adapted in water cleaning technologies.

scholarly journals THE RESULTS OF A STUDY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL GLASS FROM THE EXCAVATION 1989 IN THE HISTORICAL CENTER OF MOGILEV (optical spectral analysis)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-360
Author(s):  
I. I. Sinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Silicate Glass ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
General Technical

180 fragments of glassware from the historical part of Mogilev at the end of the 16th and early 20th centuries were studied. Technological excursus is devoted to raw materials for glass production and introduces glassmaking literature of the 18th — early 20th centuries. The method of semiquantitative optical spectral analysis based on the atlas of spectral lines is used. For the transfer of results, the conventional general technical method is used. A few examples of ash glass date back to the late of the 16th — early 17th century. Most of the samples analyzed from the 17th to the 19th centuries are made of potassium-calcium silicate glass; about 1/3 part of the products, there are manganese impurities, which makes the glass colorless. The result of the work is a catalog of analyzes of an archaeological glass from the Belarusian city of Mogilev, which presented in the appendix.

Study of Metal Coating on Lead-Free High Refractive Index Glass Prepared from Local Sand

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 2447-2450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pisutti Dararutana ◽  
Narin Sirikulrat
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Knoop Hardness ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Lead Glass ◽  
Interfacial Layers ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Lead Metal

Lead-containing glasses coated with lead metal have been used for decoration in Thailand for a long time, were a high refractive index glass. Due to harmful effects of lead, time degradation of glass and because of many kinds of local raw materials for glass production especially sand, colorless lead-free high refractive index glasses were prepared by using local raw materials. In this work, the various kinds of metals; silver and aluminum, were coated on the surface of the prepared glasses using both chemical and physical methods. The joining interfacial layer between the glass body and the coated layer was studied using a scanning electron microscope and the hardness of the coated glasses was measured by a microhardness tester to compare with those of lead coating. It was found that the structures between the joining interfacial layers were similar. The values of the Knoop hardness were approximately 520±20 kg/mm2. This glass can be used to replace the lead glass for restoration glass or decoration onto the surface of the new wood or the metal carving products.

Modeling of Macro-Physical Parameters of Foam Glass under Exposure of Cyclic Thermal Effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 464-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Fedosov ◽  
M.O. Bakanov ◽  
S.N. Nikishov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Entire Volume

The process of the raw materials mixture heat treatment in the foam glass production is of great importance in the formation of the finished product thermal characteristics. Selection of optimal temperature regimes at the stages when the process of glass particles melting is activated and thermal decomposition of the gasifier occurs is of particular importance. Otherwise, a situation when the gasifier has decomposed by mass on the layers close to the material surface at that the reaction has not been initiated at the raw materials mixture center may emerge. The problem can be solved by the uniform heating throughout the raw materials mixture entire volume. The fact that excessive heating can entail additional financial costs for manufacturers’ energy resources and as a result the cost of the material can be increased and affect its competitiveness among thermal insulation materials should be taken into account. A method for calculating temperature fields allowing to simulate the thermophysical heating process in the center of the material under study on the basis of its surface temperature indicators has been presented in the paper. Such an approach may make calculation of the rational time intervals for the raw material mixture heat treatment prior to the foaming stages and partially optimization of the production process possible.

The Provenance of Ancient Glass through Compositional Analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. Freestone
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Ancient Glass ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Production Group

ABSTRACTRecent developments in the understanding of the low-magnesia soda-lime-silica or “natron” glasses of the first millennium A.D. are reviewed. It appears that glass production was divided between a small number of primary glass making centres, situated mainly in the Near East, and a large number of secondary fabrication workshops that remelted and shaped the lumps of raw, premelted glass. Glass may be related to its primary production group by elemental analysis and, where there are data from workshops, to the production centre or region. The recycling of old glass is revealed by trace element analysis, due to the contamination of primary glass compositions by small quantities of coloured glass incorporated in the recycled material. The analysis of isotopes of Sr and Pb allows the geological environment of the raw materials to be inferred and in some cases, provenance to be predicted.

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