Comment on Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia's Updated Consensus Recommendations: Emphasis on Anterior Thigh Muscle Mass

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1173-1174
Author(s):  
Murat Kara ◽  
Ayşe Merve Ata ◽  
Bayram Kaymak ◽  
Levent Özçakar
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Consensus Recommendations ◽  
Anterior Thigh

Adjusting Anterior Thigh Muscle Measurements Using Ultrasound in Sarcopenia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
A.M. Ata ◽  
M. Kara ◽  
L. Özçakar
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Mass Measurements ◽  
Anterior Thigh ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Functional Assessments ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Fast Twitch ◽  
Regional Muscle

We have read with great interest the recently published article by Tsukasaki et al (1). We congratulate the authors for drawing attention to regional muscle mass measurements for evaluating sarcopenia. As they highlighted, age-related muscle loss occurs initially in the anterior thigh muscles that predominantly contain fast-twitch (type II) fibers (2). Therefore, regional muscle mass and functional assessments are important for the early diagnosis and follow-up of sarcopenia (2). In this regard, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound (US) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) techniques give opportunity for regional muscle mass measurements. Likewise, the authors compared the relationships among regional/total muscle mass measurements, muscle power, strength and performance tests. Although we agree with them in general, we would like to add further.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Biomarkers of Musculoskeletal Health with High Discriminant Ability for Age and Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1352
Author(s):  
Sandra Agyapong-Badu ◽  
Martin B. Warner ◽  
Dinesh Samuel ◽  
Vasiliki Koutra ◽  
Maria Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Musculoskeletal Health ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Anterior Thigh ◽  
And Gender

A novel approach to ageing studies assessed the discriminatory ability of a combination of routine physical function tests and novel measures, notably muscle mechanical properties and thigh composition (ultrasound imaging) to classify healthy individuals according to age and gender. The cross-sectional study included 138 community-dwelling, self-reported healthy males and females (65 young, mean age ± SD = 25.7 ± 4.8 years; 73 older, 74.9 ± 5.9 years). Handgrip strength; quadriceps strength; respiratory peak flow; timed up and go; stair climbing time; anterior thigh tissue thickness; muscle stiffness, tone, elasticity (Myoton technology), and self-reported health related quality of life (SF36) were assessed. Stepwise feature selection using cross-validation with linear discriminant analysis was used to classify cases based on criterion variable derived from known effects of age on physical function. A model was trained and features selected using 126 cases with 0.92 accuracy (95% CI = 0.86–0.96; Kappa = 0.89). The final model included five features (peak flow, timed up and go, biceps brachii elasticity, anterior thigh muscle thickness, and percentage thigh muscle) with high sensitivity (0.82–0.96) and specificity (0.94–0.99). The most sensitive novel biomarkers require no volition, highlighting potentially useful tests for screening and monitoring effects of interventions on musculoskeletal health for vulnerable older people with pain or cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Contrasting morphology and training background in waterpolo teams of different competitive levels

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Canossa ◽  
José Arturo Abraldes ◽  
Susana Soares ◽  
María Helena Vila ◽  
Carmen Ferragut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Background Characteristics ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
International Working Group ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Training Background ◽  
And Training

We aimed to describe and compare the general morphological, somatotype and training background characteristics of Iberian waterpolo players (22 Portuguese and 22 Spanish National Teams players) considering their playing positions. The International Working Group of Kinanthropometry guidelines was herein followed, and a somatochart was obtained through specific software (Somatotype, Calculation and Analysis. (c)2001 SWEAT technologies). Spanish players train more hours per week (22.8 ±9.5 vs.12.2 ±5.6), are taller (187.4 cm ±6.6 vs.180.3 cm ±5.1), heavier (89.2 kg ±11.6 vs.79.1 kg ±10.0), show higher arm span (195.7 cm ±8.5 vs.185.2 cm ±7.4) and muscle mass percentage (49.0% ± 1.8 vs.46.0% ±6.0), and tend to be more mesomorphic (5.19 ±1.27 vs.4.26 ±1.32) than the Portuguese players. Concerning field positions, Spanish center forward players train more hours per week than the Portuguese (20.2 ±9.1 vs.12.2 ±3.8) and show higher arm span (204.4 cm ±7.3 vs.184.0 cm ±6.5). Spanish goal keepers and outside players show higher muscle mass percentage (49.8% ±1.5 vs.42.2% ±5.2 and 49.4% ±1.5 vs.45.5% ±4.6, respectively) than the Portuguese players. These evidences should be taken into account for the improvement of waterpolo sport.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults using the definition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2: findings from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 910-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miji Kim ◽  
Chang Won Won
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Older People ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
European Working ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background in October 2018, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) updated their original definition of sarcopenia to reflect the scientific and clinical evidence that has accumulated over the last decade. Objective to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in a large group of community-dwelling older adults using the EWGSOP2 definition and algorithm. Design a cross-sectional study. Setting the nationwide Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS). Subjects a total of 2,099 ambulatory community-dwelling older adults, aged 70–84 years (mean age, 75.9 ± 4.0 years; 49.8% women) who were enrolled in the KFACS. Methods physical function was assessed by handgrip strength, usual gait speed, the five-times-sit-to-stand test, the timed up-and-go test, and the Short Physical Performance Battery. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results according to the criteria of the EWGSOP2, the sarcopenia indicators of combined low muscle strength and low muscle quantity were present in 4.6–14.5% of men and 6.7–14.4% of women. The severe sarcopenia indicators of combined low muscle strength, low muscle quantity and low physical performance were present in 0.3–2.2% of men and 0.2–6.2% of women. Using the clinical algorithm with SARC-F as a screening tool, the prevalence of probable sarcopenia (2.2%), confirmed sarcopenia (1.4%) and severe sarcopenia (0.8%) was low. Conclusions the prevalence of sarcopenia among community-dwelling older individuals varied depending on which components of the revised EWGSOP2 definition were used, such as the tools used to measure muscle strength and the ASM indicators for low muscle mass.

Muscle Strength, Size, and Composition Following 12 Months of Gender-affirming Treatment in Transgender Individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. e805-e813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wiik ◽  
Tommy R Lundberg ◽  
Eric Rullman ◽  
Daniel P Andersson ◽  
Mats Holmberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Year

Abstract Context As many sports are divided in male/female categories, governing bodies have formed regulations on the eligibility for transgender individuals to compete in these categories. Yet, the magnitude of change in muscle mass and strength with gender-affirming treatment remains insufficiently explored. Objective This study explored the effects of gender-affirming treatment on muscle function, size, and composition during 12 months of therapy. Design, settings, participants In this single-center observational cohort study, untrained transgender women (TW, n = 11) and transgender men (TM, n = 12), approved to start gender-affirming medical interventions, underwent assessments at baseline, 4 weeks after gonadal suppression of endogenous hormones but before hormone replacement, and 4 and 12 months after treatment initiation. Main outcome measures Knee extensor and flexor strength were assessed at all examination time points, and muscle size and radiological density (using magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography) at baseline and 12 months after treatment initiation. Results Thigh muscle volume increased (15%) in TM, which was paralleled by increased quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA) (15%) and radiological density (6%). In TW, the corresponding parameters decreased by –5% (muscle volume) and –4% (CSA), while density remained unaltered. The TM increased strength over the assessment period, while the TW generally maintained their strength levels. Conclusions One year of gender-affirming treatment resulted in robust increases in muscle mass and strength in TM, but modest changes in TW. These findings add new knowledge on the magnitude of changes in muscle function, size, and composition with cross-hormone therapy, which could be relevant when evaluating the transgender eligibility rules for athletic competitions.

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