scholarly journals Associations of Walking Speed, Grip Strength, and Standing Balance With Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in a General Population of Japanese Elders

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 184.e1-184.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Nofuji ◽  
Shoji Shinkai ◽  
Yu Taniguchi ◽  
Hidenori Amano ◽  
Mariko Nishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Japanese Elders

scholarly journals Human Nonmercaptalbumin Is a New Biomarker of Motor Function

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2464
Author(s):  
Sadayuki Ito ◽  
Hiroaki Nakashima ◽  
Kei Ando ◽  
Kazuyoshi Kobayashi ◽  
Masaaki Machino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Locomotive Syndrome ◽  
Reduced Mobility

The ratio of human nonmercaptalbumin (HNA) and reduced albumin (HMA) may be a new marker for oxidative stress. Locomotive syndrome (LS) is reduced mobility due to impairment of locomotive organs. We investigated whether the HNA/HMA ratio could be a new biomarker of LS. This study included 306 subjects (mean age 64.24 ± 10.4 years) who underwent LS tests, grip strength, walking speed, and tests for HNA and HMA. Oxidative stress was measured by the ratio of HMA (f(HMA) = (HMA/(HMA + HNA) × 100)), and the subjects were divided into normal (N group; f[HMA] ≥ 70%) and low (L group; f[HMA] < 70%) groups. There were 124 non-elderly (<65 years) and 182 elderly subjects (≥65 years). There were no significant differences in LS, grip strength, and walking speed between the L and N groups in the non-elderly subjects. However, significant differences were found in the elderly subjects. In logistic regression analysis, there was an association between f(HMA) and the LS severity at older ages. LS in the elderly is associated with a decline in HMA and, thus, an increase in oxidative stress. Thus, f(HMA) is a new biomarker of LS.

Bioimpedance phase angle as a marker of sarcopenia in elderly women with multiple comorbidities

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Kurmayev ◽  
S. V. Bulgakova ◽  
N. O. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Bioimpedance Analysis ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Hand Dynamometry

Rationale: The progressive decline in skeletal muscle strength and function during aging can lead to disability and premature death. It is of interest to evaluate the potential of bioimpedance phase angle (PhA) as an instrumental marker of sarcopenia in clinical practice.Aim: To identify an association between the phase angles determined by the bioimpedance analysis of body composition, with functional activity parameters in elderly women with multiple comorbidities.Materials and methods: The study included 146  elderly women (aged 75 to 84  years, mean age 79.44±2.56  years). Assessments consisted of the Charlson comorbidity index, “Vozrast ne pomekha” (Age is not a hindrance) questionnaire, the Barthel index, the sit-to-stand five-repeat test, the standardized 4-meter walking speed test, and bioimpedance analysis of body composition (ABC02, Medass, Russia). Muscle strength parameters were assessed by wrist dynamometry with a mechanical wrist dynamometer. The hand dynamometry index was calculated by dividing the hand grip strength by the patient's squared height. According to the EWGSOP2 guidelines for the critical cur-off for hand dynamometry, the patients were divided into two groups: those with the hand grip strength>16 kg (n=41) and those with<16 kg (n=105).Results: There were significant correlations of PhA with age (r=-0.369; p=0.017), the results of the screening questionnaire “Vozrast ne pomekha” (Age is not a hindrance) (r=-0.359; p=0.023), Barthel index (r=0.375; p=0.018), hand dynamometry (r=0.395; p=0.014), hand dynamometry index (r=0.340; p=0.021), lean body mass (r=0.414; p=0.009), musculoskeletal mass (r=0.819; p<0.001), proportion of musculoskeletal mass (r=0.796; p<0.001), walking speed (r=0.670; p<0.001), and the results of the sit-to-stand test (r=-0.541; p<0.001). Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 61 women (41.8%). There were also significant differences in age, hand dynamometry results, hand dynamometry index, walking speed and results of the sit-to-stand test between the two groups depending on their hand grip strength.Conclusion: The use of hand dynamometry, physical activity tests, and bioimpedance phase angle can be used in clinical practice to diagnose sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Association between self-reported walking speed and calcaneal stiffness index in postmenopausal Japanese women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihito Tomita ◽  
Kazuhiko Arima ◽  
Satoshi Mizukami ◽  
Ritsu Tsujimoto ◽  
Shin-ya Kawashiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background; Osteoporosis and related fractures, a worldwide public health issue of growing concern, is characterized by compromised bone strength and an increased risk of fracture. Here we show an association between self-reported walking speed and bone mass among community-dwelling postmenopausal Japanese women aged 50 years and older.Design; Cross-sectional study.Setting and Participants; The survey population included 1008 postmenopausal women 50–92 years of age residing in rural communities.Methods; Self-reported walking speed was ascertained by asking the participants: “Is your walking speed faster than others of the same age and sex?” to which participants responded “yes (faster)” or “no (moderate/slower).” Calcaneal stiffness index was measured.Results; Women with a faster self-reported walking speed were younger and had a lower BMI, higher stiffness index, and higher grip strength than women with a slower walking speed. Multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for age, BMI, grip strength, comorbidity, current smoking, and alcohol drinking status showed a significant association between faster self-reported walking speed and higher calcaneal stiffness index (p < 0.001).Conclusions; Our findings suggest that questionnaires of walking speed may be useful for predicting bone mass and that a fast self-reported walking may benefit bone health in postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Plasma levels of apolipoprotein E, APOE genotype, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in 105 949 individuals from a white general population cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (33) ◽  
pp. 2813-2824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrine L Rasmussen ◽  
Anne Tybjærg-Hansen ◽  
Børge G Nordestgaard ◽  
Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
General Population Cohort ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Aims To determine whether plasma apoE levels and APOE genotype are associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Methods and results Using a prospective cohort design with 105 949 white individuals from the general population, we tested the association between plasma apoE at study enrolment and death during follow-up, and whether this was independent of APOE genotype. We confirmed the well-known association between APOE genotypes and mortality. For all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality, high levels of apoE were associated with increased risk, while for dementia-associated mortality low levels were associated with increased risk. For the highest vs. the fifth septile of plasma apoE, hazard ratios (HRs) were 1.20 (95% confidence interval 1.12–1.28) for all-cause mortality, 1.28 (1.13–1.44) for cardiovascular mortality, and 1.18 (1.05–1.32) for cancer mortality. Conversely, for the lowest vs. the fifth septile the HR was 1.44 (1.01–2.05) for dementia-associated mortality. Results were similar in analyses restricted to APOE ɛ33 carriers. Examining genetically determined plasma apoE, a 1 mg/dL increase conferred risk ratios of 0.97 (0.92–1.03) for cardiovascular mortality and 1.01 (0.95–1.06) for cancer mortality, while a 1 mg/dL decrease conferred a risk ratio of 1.70 (1.36–2.12) for dementia-associated mortality. Conclusion High plasma levels of apoE were associated with increased all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality, however of a non-causal nature, while low levels were causally associated with increased dementia-associated mortality.

scholarly journals Risk of death among people with rare autoimmune diseases compared to the general population in England during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Peach ◽  
Megan Rutter ◽  
Peter Lanyon ◽  
Matthew J Grainge ◽  
Richard Hubbard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Population Mortality ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Recorded Diagnosis

Abstract Objectives To quantify the risk of death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases (RAIRD) during the UK 2020 COVID-19 pandemic compared with the general population, and compared with their pre-COVID risk. Methods We conducted a cohort study in Hospital Episode Statistics for England 2003 onwards, and linked data from the NHS Personal Demographics Service. We used ONS published data for general population mortality rates. Results We included 168 691 people with a recorded diagnosis of RAIRD alive on 01/03/2020. Their median age was 61.7 (IQR 41.5–75.4) years, and 118 379 (70.2%) were female. Our case ascertainment methods had a positive predictive value of 85%. 1,815 (1.1%) participants died during March and April 2020. The age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR) among people with RAIRD (3669.3, 95% CI 3500.4–3838.1 per 100 000 person-years) was 1.44 (95% CI 1.42–1.45) times higher than the average ASMR during the same months of the previous 5 years, whereas in the general population of England it was 1.38 times higher. Age-specific mortality rates in people with RAIRD compared with the pre-COVID rates were higher from the age of 35 upwards, whereas in the general population the increased risk began from age 55 upwards. Women had a greater increase in mortality rates during COVID-19 compared with men. Conclusion The risk of all-cause death is more prominently raised during COVID-19 among people with RAIRD than among the general population. We urgently need to quantify how much risk is due to COVID-19 infection and how much is due to disruption to healthcare services.

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