17417 Risk factors and impact of conversion to an indeterminate interferon-gamma release assay result in patients receiving biologics

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. AB82
Author(s):  
Urmi Khanna ◽  
Ariana Ellis ◽  
Anokhi Saklecha ◽  
Joshua Gallop ◽  
Abdulaziz Galadari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Assay Result ◽  
Release Assay

scholarly journals Long-term efficacy of BCG vaccination in goat herds with a high prevalence of tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Arrieta-Villegas ◽  
Alberto Allepuz ◽  
Miriam Grasa ◽  
Maite Martín ◽  
Zoraida Cervera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Bcg Vaccine ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Release Assay

AbstractVaccination of goats against tuberculosis (TB) has been promoted as an ancillary tool for controlling the disease in infected livestock herds. A three-year trial to assess the efficacy of BCG vaccine was carried out in five goat herds. At the beginning of the trial (month 0), all animals were tested for TB using thee different diagnostic tests. Animals negative to all tests were vaccinated with BCG and all replacement goat kids were also systematically vaccinated throughout the trial. All animals were tested by Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) using vaccine compatible reagents at months 6, 12, 24, and 36. The risk factors for TB infection were also evaluated. At the end of the study, four out of five farms showed variable reductions of the initial prevalence (93.5%, 28.5%, 23.2%, and 14.3% respectively), and an overall incidence reduction of 50% was observed in BCG vaccinated goats, although adult vaccinated goats showed higher incidences than vaccinated goat kids. The unvaccinated positive animals remaining in herds and adult BCG vaccinated goats significantly enhanced the risk of infection in vaccinated animals. A systematic vaccination of goats with BCG, together with the removal of positive unvaccinated animals, may contribute to reducing the TB prevalence in goat herds.

scholarly journals How should I interpret an interferon gamma release assay result for tuberculosis infection?: Table 1

Thorax ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Abubakar ◽  
Helen Ruth Stagg ◽  
Hilary Whitworth ◽  
Ajit Lalvani
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Assay Result ◽  
Release Assay

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Indeterminate Outcome on Interferon Gamma Release Assay in Non-US-Born Persons Screened for Latent Tuberculosis Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jody C Sharninghausen ◽  
Adrienne E Shapiro ◽  
David M Koelle ◽  
H Nina Kim
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Asian Race ◽  
Release Assay

Abstract Background Non-US-born individuals account for the majority of active tuberculosis (TB) in the United States. Interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) is the preferred diagnostic test for latent TB but can produce an indeterminate result. We investigated the prevalence and predictors of an indeterminate IGRA (IND-IGRA) in a diverse cohort of non-US-born individuals and evaluated outcomes after IND-IGRA. Methods We identified patient age ≥18 years who had an outpatient IGRA between 2010 and 2017 in our health system and whose primary language was not English. We used univariate and multivariable logistic regression to examine the association of IND-IGRA with a variety of clinical factors. Results Of 3128 outpatients with ≥1 IGRA done, 33% were Asian, 30% Hispanic, and 29% black; 44% were men, and the median age was 50 years. An initial IND-IGRA occurred in 118 (3.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1%–4.5%); notably, Asian race (55%) and rheumatologic conditions (25%) were prevalent in this group. In multivariable analysis, Asian race was independently associated with IND-IGRA (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.9; 95% CI, 1.9–4.3), in addition to the presence of anemia and hypoalbuminemia (aOR for interaction, 4.3; 95% CI, 1.3–14.3). Only 55% of patients with an initial IND-IGRA underwent repeat testing; of those who did, 66% had a determinate result. Conclusions Asian race and anemia/hypoalbuminemia were independent risk factors for an indeterminate IGRA outcome in foreign-born patients screened in the United States. Our study underscores the importance of following through on indeterminate results in these key subgroups.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and Risk Factors of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Healthcare Workers Using Whole Blood Human Interferon-gamma Release Assay and Tuberculin Skin Testing

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
A. N. Umo ◽  
O. J. Akinjogunla ◽  
N. O. Umoh ◽  
G. E. Uzono
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Tuberculin Skin Testing ◽  
Release Assay

This study established the diagnosis and risk factors of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among health-care workers in an endemic population using Tuberculin skin test (TST) and Quantiferon TB-gold. A total of 609 Healthcare workers from tuberculosis treatment facilities in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria were studied. The Interferon-gamma release assay was performed using 3ml of whole blood by ELISA according to the manufacturer’s instruction (Cellestis Ltd., Carnegie, Australia) after which 0.1 ml of 5 tuberculin units of Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) was administered intra-dermally to each subject. TST results were read after 72 hours by measuring the size of indurations in millimetres. Data were analysed using SPSS version 17 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois). At the threshold of 10 mm, the prevalence of LTBI by TST was 45.8% and 24.8% at the IGRA diagnostic value of ≥ 0.351 IU. Laboratory staff and ward orderlies as well as being in service for >10 years, were more significantly associated with LTBI. A moderate agreement of 76.7%, k = 0.51 was obtained between TST at 10 mm, and QFT. Neither previous exposure to TST nor BCG vaccination affected the prevalence of LTBI in the study population. The difference of 54% prevalence of LTBI between TST and QFT may be due to non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) since TST is non-specific. This may have grave implications of drug toxicity and development of resistance to anti-TB drug among individuals harbouring NTM, but receiving anti-TB medication. The 76.7% agreement between the two tests is an indication that the 10 mm cut-off induration for TST is still relevant in the diagnosis of LTBI.

An interferon gamma release assay specific for Histoplasma capsulatum to detect asymptomatic infected individuals: A proof of concept study

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 724-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Rubio-Carrasquilla ◽  
Cristian David Santa ◽  
Juan Pablo Rendón ◽  
Jorge Botero-Garcés ◽  
Allan J Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Release Assay ◽  
Ifn Γ

AbstractHistoplasmosis is the most common endemic mycosis in the Americas. Currently, there is no laboratory test capable to detect subclinical or latent infections by Histoplasma capsulatum (Hc), which might develop as severe infections in immunocompromised individuals. For the first time to our knowledge, we explore the suitability of an interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) to detect latent Hc infection in asymptomatic individuals. A cohort of 126 volunteers was enrolled in the study, 13 of which underwent a Hc infection in the past, and 93 of them showing risk factors for this infection. The remaining 20 participants did not refer any risk factors of Hc infection, but eight of them showed evidences of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. All participants were recruited in Medellin, Colombia, between January 2014 and December 2017. Whole blood samples were cultured with four different Hc crude antigens and phytohemaglutinin as positive control. The interferon (IFN)-γ released by T lymphocytes upon antigen stimulation was quantified by ELISA. A defined cutoff value of 20 pg/ml for the IFN-γ concentration allowed us to distinguish between the group with documented past infections and the group of noninfected individuals with high sensitivity (70–92%) and specificity (85–95%), for the four tested antigens. Positive 82–95% and negative 77–92% predictive values were also very high, comparable to those reported for commercially available IGRAs. The new test constitutes a promising screening method to detect individuals with latent Hc infection, even decades after the primary infection, as evidenced in this study.

scholarly journals Role of interferon gamma release assay in the diagnosis and management of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-associated uveitis: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000663
Author(s):  
Samra Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
M A Rehman Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Ocular Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assays ◽  
Infectious Uveitis ◽  
Release Assay

Tuberculosis (TB)-associated uveitis is a common cause of infectious uveitis in the developing world. Diagnosis of TB uveitis remains a challenge. The role of interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) is uncertain. Herein we summarise the available literature on the utility of IGRAs in the diagnosis and management of TB uveitis. We searched PubMed database from 1 August 2010 to 31 July 2020 using the following keywords alone and in combination: ‘interferon-gamma release assay’, ‘QuantiFERON’, ‘T-SPOT.TB’, ‘TB uveitis’, ‘serpiginous like choroiditis’, ‘tuberculoma’, ‘TB vasculitis’, ‘TB panuveitis’ and ‘ocular tuberculosis’. Data from 58 relevant studies were collated. The review is focused on currently marketed versions of IGRA tests: QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube assay, QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assay (QFT-Plus) and T-SPOT.TB. We found limited evidence regarding the diagnostic utility of IGRA in patients with uveitis. No study was identified evaluating the newer QFT test—the QFT-Plus—in patients with uveitis. Similarly, there is lack of data directly comparing QFT-Plus with T-SPOT.TB specifically for the diagnosis of TB uveitis.

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