1.6 DRUG AND ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN ADOLESCENTS: NATIONAL TRENDS AND RISK FACTORS — AN ANALYSIS OF 2002-2017 NATIONAL SURVEY ON DRUG USE AND HEALTH DATA

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. S140-S141
Author(s):  
Gaurav Chaudhari ◽  
Kaushal Shah ◽  
Mandeep Kaur ◽  
Henry Onyeaka Kosorochi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Health Data ◽  
National Trends ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Perceived Neighborhood Characteristics and Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence: A Multilevel Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052090618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elyse J. Thulin ◽  
Justin E. Heinze ◽  
Yasamin Kusunoki ◽  
Hsing-Fang Hsieh ◽  
Marc A. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Neighborhood Violence

Within a lifetime, one in four women and more than one in 10 men will experience intimate partner violence (IPV). Researchers have begun to examine physical and social neighborhood risk factors of IPV, often using cross-sectional data. Most studies focus on risk or promotive factors. Often, neighborhood factors are studied through the lens of social disorganization theory, which focuses on how a neighborhood slips into a violent and crime-ridden place. Busy streets theory provides an alternative perspective, focusing on how building up community assets and resources may help create a safe and vibrant neighborhood. A conceptual approach that utilizes risk and promotive neighborhood variables may help develop new conceptual frameworks for understanding how context may decrease risk for, or moderate, the negative consequences of IPV. Using five waves of data from a 24-year longitudinal study, we employ multilevel linear regression models to examine the trajectory of IPV experiences in relation to positive perceptions of neighborhood, neighborhood cohesion, and informal social control in individuals aged 28 to 33 years. We control for the neighborhood and individual-level risk factors of alcohol consumption, drug use, observed neighborhood violence, and demographic factors of age, race, sex, and socioeconomic status. We found that positive perceptions of neighborhood, alcohol consumption, drug use, economic need, and observed neighborhood violence are associated with IPV. Levels of IPV risk were relatively constant within individuals across waves, but varied significantly between individuals. The measure of positive perceptions of neighborhood is derived from busy streets theory, which may be a useful conceptual framework for understanding how neighborhoods may contribute to positive social contexts that can protect residents from IPV experiences, and potentially other violent behavior. Additional research examining promotive social neighborhood features derived from busy streets theory may help expand our understanding of contextual factors that affect IPV.

Artikel

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 229-247
Author(s):  
Pekka Hakkarainen ◽  
Leena Metso
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
The Relationship

■ Aims This article reports the results of a population survey in autumn 2004. First, trends in drug use are studied by comparing the 2004 data with materials collected in the same way in 1992, 1996, 1998 and 2002. Secondly, the relationship between drug use and alcohol consumption is discussed. This latter aspect is of special interest in Finland today following the changes in the alcohol environment in spring 2004 (tax cuts on alcohol, the discontinuation of the import quota within the EU and from Estonia). If alcohol consumption increases, the question is will that have the effect of driving up the consumption of other substances (addition hypothesis) or on the contrary, will drug use decrease and be substituted by increased alcohol consumption (substitution hypothesis)? ■ Methods The data for the research were collected in a postal questionnaire in autumn 2004. A random sample of 3992 persons aged 15–69 was drawn from the central population register. A total of 2526 persons responded, giving a response rate of 63 per cent. In order to gain a clearer picture of the relationship between drug use and alcohol consumption, we have linked the data for 1998, 2002 and 2004 into one dataset comprising more than 7 000 respondents. ■ Results The tendency for drug use and experimenting to increase has slowed down since the turn of the millennium. The increase in alcohol sales and tourist imports is not driving up the level of drug use. However, this study lends support to the observations by Juha Partanen (Wet high (1994)) about the close links between drug use and alcohol consumption. In the urban life-styles of younger people the use of cannabis is interwoven with frequent clubbing and party-style drinking patterns. Another indication of the intertwining of drug and alcohol cultures is found in the group of mixed users, who not only drink heavily but also use various drugs and medicines. It would seem that the risk of drug use is increased by the early onset of binge drinking. ■ Conclusion There is as yet not enough evidence to confirm the addition hypothesis. However, given the close links of drug use with alcohol consumption, it certainly is a possibility that if alcohol consumption sharply increases, this might trigger an increase in drug use and experimenting, particularly among young people. The substitution hypothesis, on the other hand, does not seem very likely. On the contrary, it seems that drug use in Finland ties in rather closely with drinking to intoxication.

scholarly journals Marijuana Use among Young Adults: Findings from the 2015-2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Yockey ◽  
Shanna Stryker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Smoking Marijuana

Marijuana is the most commonly used drug for young adults. A greater understanding of risk factors associated with recent use can inform health prevention messaging. Pooled data from the 2015-2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health were utilized among 89,446 individuals ages 18-34. Weighted logistic regression analyses, controlling for covariates, were utilized to determine conditional associations to past-30-day use. A sizeable percentage (18.5%) of individuals reported smoking marijuana in the past 30 days. Individuals who identify as African American or Multi-Racial, Gay/Lesbian, Bisexual, reported their health as poor, not covered by health insurance, reported prior drug use, or who had reported any thoughts/plans of suicide were at risk for use. Of concern, high rates of alcohol (14.7%) and cocaine (1.50%) were found among users. We believe our findings can inform harm reduction efforts and policy creation.

scholarly journals Risk factors of narcological disorders among rural population

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Tsarev ◽  
Andrey V. Shcherban ◽  
Sergey A. Suslin ◽  
Aleksey A. Katin ◽  
Ilya I. Sirotko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs

Objectives - to analyze the correlation between the risk factors of alcohol and drugs consumption, revealed during the preventive medical examination of the adult rural population, and the main epidemiological indicators of narcological diseases, registered in the rural areas of the Samara Region in 2015-2018. Material and methods. The indicators of the general and primary incidence of narcological disorders were calculated. The risk factors for alcoholization and drug addiction were studied according to the clinical examination of the adult rural population of the Samara region. The rank correlation coefficient was used to establish the relationships between the risk factors and epidemiological data. Results. There is a tendency for decline in the narcological general and primary morbidity of the rural population. The risk factors of alcohol consumption were identified in 1% of the population, the risk factors of drug use - in 0.08% of the population. Conclusion. A moderate correlation between the number of persons with alcohol consumption risk factors and some epidemiological data supposes the former investigation of the risk factors for identifying the narcological disorders.

Alcohol consumption, smoking, and drug use in pregnancy: Prevalence and risk factors in Southern Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e12247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawitri Assanangkornchai ◽  
Darika Saingam ◽  
Nualta Apakupakul ◽  
J Guy Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Demographic and cardiovascular risk factors associated with drug use in truck drivers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Moura Pereira ◽  
Antonio Padua Mansur ◽  
Julio Yoshio Takada ◽  
Vilma Leyton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The irregular routine of truck drivers favors the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which can be exacerbated by the use of illicit drugs.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with data from 2,071 truck drivers who traveled through the state of São Paulo between 2010 and 2016. Socioeconomic and occupational variables and risk factors for CVD were associated with drug use. Clinical and toxicological tests were also carried out.Results: The average age of the truck drivers was 42.27 ± 11.07 years, and the use of illicit drugs, at least once while working, was reported or detected in 388 (18.7%) drivers. Compared to non-users, drug users were younger (37.25 ± 9.45 vs. 43.43 ± 11.1 years; p <0.001) and single (43.3% vs. 28.4%; p <0.001). The independent variables age [OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91 - 0.95; p<0.001)], smoking [OR = 2.18 (95% CI: 1.39 - 3.44; p = 0.001)], alcohol consumption [OR = 1.626 (95% CI: 1.06 - 2.49; p = 0.026)] and hours of driving per day [OR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01 - 1.15; p = 0.012)] were also associated with the use of illicit drugs.Conclusion: The use of illicit drugs was higher in young and single drivers and was associated with a higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption and more driving hours, which are risk factors for NCDs, CVD and traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Ongame molwashoka otse

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Boulton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Social Services ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Health And Social Services ◽  
Recent National Survey

A recent national survey by the Ministry for Health and Social Services revealed that Namibia’s suicide rate was vastly higher than previously thought. Mirroring global conceptions of mental health and depression, these numbers tend to be ‘explained away’ using pre-determined ‘risk factors’ – alcohol consumption, violence, and unemployment. Yet, current theories of suicide do not account for all of its intricacies; indeed, most are rooted in notions of individualism countered by many ethnographies situated in African contexts. This Think Piece problematises the study of suicide in southern African contexts, showing that notions of ‘unhappiness’, ‘depression’, and most importantly ‘self’ are locally specific and, in southern Africa, relational rather than individualistic.

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