New absorption chiller and control strategy for the solar assisted cooling system at the German federal environment agency

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Albers
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Absorption Chiller ◽  
Federal Environment Agency ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
And Control ◽  
German Federal Environment Agency

MVOC-Konzentrationen in Klassenräumen und mögliche Einflussfaktoren/MVOC concentrations in classrooms and possible influencing factors

Gefahrstoffe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (06) ◽  
pp. 234-245
Author(s):  
H.-D. Neumann ◽  
M. Buxtrup
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Guidance Document ◽  
The Public ◽  
Federal Environment Agency ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
German Federal Environment Agency

Der neue Schimmelpilzleitfaden des Umweltbundesamtes (UBA) weist darauf hin, dass die Anwesenheit flüchtiger organischer Verbindungen mikrobiellen Ursprungs (microbial volatile organic compounds, MVOC) in der Raumluft ein Indikator für einen verdeckten Schimmelbefall sein kann. Zudem wurde eine Standardmethode für das Messen von MVOC veröffentlicht. Dies war Anlass, die Aussagekraft von MVOC-Messungen unter dem Aspekt von Schimmelpilzbelastungen in Räumen anhand der Messergebnisse aus der Studie „Gesunde Luft in Schulen“ der Unfallkasse Nordrhein-Westfalen (UK NRW) noch einmal kritisch zu hinterfragen. Im Ergebnis wurden in 370 der 381 untersuchten Klassenräumen MVOC nachgewiesen. Eine Korrelation zu den gemessenen Schimmelpilzkonzentrationen im Sedimentationsstaub konnte allerdings nicht festgestellt werden. Auch war keine Korrelation zu den Raumklimaparametern oder der Ausstattung der Räume erkennbar. Die gemessenen (M)VOC werden wohl eher aus Bauprodukten und Einrichtungen emittiert als durch Schimmelpilze erzeugt.   Summary The new mould fungi guidance document issued by the German Federal Environment Agency (UBA) states that the presence of microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) in indoor air can be an indicator of hidden mould infestation. A standard method for measuring MVOCs has also been published. This prompted a critical review of the validity of MVOC measurements for determining exposure to mould fungi in rooms. The review was based on results of measurements obtained during the „Healthy air in schools“ study conducted by the German Social Accident Insurance Institution for the public sector in North Rhine-Westphalia (UK NRW). MVOCs were detected in 370 of the 381 classrooms examined. However, a correlation to the measured mould fungi concentrations in the deposited dust was not established, nor were correlations observed to the room climate parameters or the furnishings of the rooms. The (M)VOCs measured are more likely to be emitted from building products and furnishings than to be produced by mould.

Environmental impact assessment and control of pharmaceuticals: the role of environmental agencies

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.E. Adler ◽  
J. Koschorreck ◽  
B. Rechenberg
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Federal Environment Agency ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
And Control ◽  
Environmental Agencies

In 2005, the new legislation for pharmaceuticals came into effect. Since then environmental risk assessments are required for all new marketing authorisation applications. The German Federal Environment Agency has been assessing the environmental impact of 136 veterinary and 134 human pharmaceuticals. The authorisation of pharmaceuticals has shown that the authorisation of some groups of substances have to be combined with risk mitigation measures. Environmental risks may also arise from those pharmaceuticals which were authorised before the environmental risk assessment was added to the requirements of authorisation. Four examples of “existing” pharmaceuticals, i.e. diclofenac, ethinyl estradiol, ivermectin, and florfenicol are highlighted in this article. Risk management options for veterinary and human pharmaceuticals are discussed.

scholarly journals Cooling System Energy Consumption Reduction through a Novel All-Electric Powertrain Traction Module and Control Optimization

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Simone Lombardi ◽  
Manfredi Villani ◽  
Daniele Chiappini ◽  
Laura Tribioli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Control Optimization ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Conventional Cooling ◽  
And Control

In this work, the problem of reducing the energy consumption of the cooling circuit for the propulsion system of an all-electric vehicle is approached with two different concepts: improvement of the powertrain efficiency and optimization of the control strategy. Improvement of the powertrain efficiency is obtained through a modular design, which consists of replacing the electric powertrain with several smaller traction modules whose powers sum up to the total power of the original powertrain. In this paper, it is shown how modularity, among other benefits, also allows reducing the energy consumption of the cooling system up to 54%. The energy consumption of the cooling system is associated with two components: the pump and the fan. They produce a so-called auxiliary load on the battery, reducing the maximum range of the vehicle. In conventional cooling systems, the pump and the fan are controlled with a thermostat, without taking into account the energy consumption. Conversely, in this work a control strategy to reduce the auxiliary loads is developed and compared with the conventional approach, showing that the energy consumption of the cooling system can be reduced up to 27%. To test the control strategy, numerical simulations have been carried out with a 1-D model of the cooling system. On the other hand, all the thermal loads of the components have been calculated with a vehicle simulator, which is able to predict the vehicle’s behavior under different driving cycles.

Activating Spatial I Planning Law: Options for the Reduction of Land Consumption

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Gawron ◽  
Jana Bovet ◽  
Ekkehard Hofmann ◽  
Wolfgang Köck
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Planning Law ◽  
Federal Environment Agency ◽  
Land Consumption ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
German Federal Environment Agency

AbstractThe German Federal Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt) commissioned the Department of Environmental and Planning Law of the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ to analyse the capacity of spatial planning law to reduce land consumption, particularly inquiring into the specific shortcomings of the applicable provisions and making recommendations as to how the legal frame could be made more effective. This article summarises the results of the analysis and the recommendations for a more effective spatial planning law according to the reduction of land consumption.

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