Role of individual genes of the A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (H2N2) cold-adapted donor strain in manifestation of the temperature-sensitive phenotype of reassortant influenza A viruses

2004 ◽  
Vol 1263 ◽  
pp. 547-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Kiseleva ◽  
A Klimov ◽  
Q Su ◽  
C Szymkowiak ◽  
T.J Toner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
Influenza A Viruses ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Temperature Sensitive Phenotype

scholarly journals Specific temperature-induced perturbations of secondary mRNA structures are associated with the cold-adapted temperature-sensitive phenotype of influenza A virus

RNA Biology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1266-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Chursov ◽  
Sebastian J. Kopetzky ◽  
Ignaty Leshchiner ◽  
Ivan Kondofersky ◽  
Fabian J. Theis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Specific Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensitive Phenotype

scholarly journals Molecular mechanisms of reversion to the ts+ (non-temperature-sensitive) phenotype of influenza A cold-adapted (ca) virus strains

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 2724-2729 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Tsfasman ◽  
S. G. Markushin ◽  
I. I. Akopova ◽  
Y. Z. Ghendon
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Phenotypic Manifestation ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Virus Strains ◽  
Temperature Sensitive Phenotype

A ts+ ca− (non-temperature-sensitive, non-cold-adapted) revertant of the A/Leningrad/134/47/57 ca strain influenza virus [A/Leningrad/134/47/ts+18/1957(H2N2)], obtained in our previous study, lost phenotypic manifestation of ts mutations by the PB2, NP and NS genes, although, according to sequencing data, it acquired only two true reversions of a mutation in the PB2 and PB1 genes. Direct sequencing showed the appearance of 27 additional mutations (13 coding) in the genes encoding the PB2, PB1, PA, NP, M and NS proteins of the revertant, along with the above-mentioned two true reversions. We conjecture that some of these mutations suppressed phenotypic manifestation of ts mutations in the NS and NP genes.

Occurrence of temperature-sensitive influenza A viruses in nature.

1982 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M Chu ◽  
S F Tian ◽  
G F Ren ◽  
Y M Zhang ◽  
L X Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Influenza A Viruses

scholarly journals Serological Screening of Influenza A Virus Antibodies in Cats and Dogs Indicates Frequent Infection with Different Subtypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Zhao ◽  
Nancy Schuurman ◽  
Malte Tieke ◽  
Berit Quist ◽  
Steven Zwinkels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Influenza A Viruses ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
H1n1 Outbreak

ABSTRACT Influenza A viruses (IAVs) infect humans and a variety of other animal species. Infections with some subtypes of IAV were also reported in domestic cats and dogs. In addition to animal health implications, close contact between companion animals and humans also poses a potential risk of zoonotic IAV infections. In this study, serum samples from different cat and dog cohorts were analyzed for IAV antibodies against seven IAV subtypes, using three distinctive IAV-specific assays differing in IAV subtype-specific discriminatory power and sensitivity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays against the complete hemagglutinin (HA) ectodomain or the HA1 domain were used, as well as a novel nanoparticle-based, virus-free hemagglutination inhibition assay. Using these three assays, we found cat and dog sera from different cohorts to be positive for antibodies against one or more IAV subtypes and/or strains. Cat and dog serum samples collected after the 2009 pandemic H1N1 outbreak exhibit much higher seropositivity against H1 compared to samples from before 2009. Cat sera, furthermore, displayed higher reactivity for avian IAVs than dog sera. Our findings show the added value of using complementary serological assays, which are based on reactivity with different numbers of HA epitopes, to study IAV antibody responses and for improved serosurveillance of IAV infections. We conclude that infection of cats and dogs with both human and avian IAVs of different subtypes is prevalent. These observations highlight the role of cats and dogs in IAV ecology and indicate the potential of these companion animals to give rise to novel (reassorted) viruses with increased zoonotic potential.

scholarly journals Wild Birds in Live Birds Markets: Potential Reservoirs of Enzootic Avian Influenza Viruses and Antimicrobial Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Northern Egypt

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehal M. Nabil ◽  
Ahmed M. Erfan ◽  
Maram M. Tawakol ◽  
Naglaa M. Haggag ◽  
Mahmoud M. Naguib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Influenza A Viruses ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ha Gene ◽  
Live Bird

Wild migratory birds are often implicated in the introduction, maintenance, and global dissemination of different pathogens, such as influenza A viruses (IAV) and antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria. Trapping of migratory birds during their resting periods at the northern coast of Egypt is a common and ancient practice performed mainly for selling in live bird markets (LBM). In the present study, samples were collected from 148 wild birds, representing 14 species, which were being offered for sale in LBM. All birds were tested for the presence of AIV and enterobacteriaceae. Ten samples collected from Northern Shoveler birds (Spatula clypeata) were positive for IAV and PCR sub-typing and pan HA/NA sequencing assays detected H5N8, H9N2, and H6N2 viruses in four, four, and one birds, respectively. Sequencing of the full haemagglutinin (HA) gene revealed a high similarity with currently circulating IAV in Egypt. From all the birds, E. coli was recovered from 37.2% and Salmonella from 20.2%, with 66–96% and 23–43% isolates being resistant to at least one of seven selected critically important antimicrobials (CIA), respectively. The presence of enzootic IAV and the wide prevalence of AMR enterobacteriaceae in wild birds highlight the potential role of LBM in the spread of different pathogens from and to wild birds. Continued surveillance of both AIV and antimicrobial-resistant enterobacteriaceae in wild birds’ habitats is urgently needed.

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