scholarly journals Biocidal effect of lichen secondary metabolites against rock-dwelling microcolonial fungi, cyanobacteria and green algae

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 300-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Gazzano ◽  
Sergio E. Favero-Longo ◽  
Paola Iacomussi ◽  
Rosanna Piervittori
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Microcolonial Fungi

Secondary metabolites from green algae Ulva pertusa

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 828-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Yun Wang ◽  
Lei Han ◽  
Kai Kang ◽  
Chang-Lun Shao ◽  
Yu-Xi Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Ulva Pertusa

Dibenzofurans from lichens – a pharmacological overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Ureña-Vacas ◽  
Elena González-Burgos ◽  
Divakar Pradeep Kumar ◽  
M. Pilar Gómez-Serranillos
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Usnic Acid ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Symbiotic Association

: Lichens are a symbiotic association between a fungus (mycobiont) and a green algae/cyanobacterium (photobiont). Lichens are a source of secondary metabolites, most of them being exclusively for these species, among which dibenzofurans are found. Dibenzofurans are a small group (over 35 different identified compounds), being usnic acid the most studied. In the last 10 years, there has been a growing interest in the pharmacological activity of dibenzofurans. In this work, dibenzofurans isolated from lichens (alectosarmentin, condidymic acid, didymic acid, isousnic acid, isostrepsilic acid, usimines A-C and usnic acid) were reviewed, most of which showed antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities. These findings provide future guidance for research on pharmacological activity of dibenzofurans.

scholarly journals Industrial Applications of Cyanobacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Algade Amadu ◽  
Kweku Amoako Atta deGraft-Johnson ◽  
Gabriel Komla Ameka
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Complex Organic

Cyanobacteria also known as blue-green algae are oxygenic photoautotrophs, which evolved ca. 3.5 billion years ago. Because cyanobacteria are rich sources of bioactive compounds, they have diverse industrial applications such as algaecides, antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agents, hence, their wide use in the agricultural and health sectors. Cyanobacterial secondary metabolites are also important sources of enzymes, toxins, vitamins, and other pharmaceuticals. Polyhydroxy- alkanoates (PHA) which accumulate intracellularly in some cyanobacteria species can be used in the production of bioplastics that have properties comparable to polypropylene and polyethylene. Some cyanobacteria are also employed in bioremediation as they are capable of oxidizing oil components and other complex organic compounds. There are many more possible industrial applications of cyanobacteria such as biofuel, biofertilizer, food, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals. Additionally, the metabolic pathways that lead to the production of important cyanobacterial bioactive compounds are outlined in the chapter along with commercial products currently available on the market.

scholarly journals Isolation and Potential Biological Applications of Haloaryl Secondary Metabolites from Macroalgae

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Jesus ◽  
Marta Correia-da-Silva ◽  
Carlos Afonso ◽  
Madalena Pinto ◽  
Honorina Cidade
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Naphthalene Derivatives

Macroalgae have been reported as an important source of halogenated aromatic secondary metabolites, being the majority of these derivatives isolated from red algae. Halophenols and haloindoles are the most common haloaryl secondary metabolites isolated from these marine organisms. Nevertheless, some halogenated aromatic sesquiterpenes and naphthalene derivatives have also been isolated. Most of these secondary metabolites showed interesting biological activities, such as antitumor, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and antioxidant. This review describes in a systematic way the distribution and natural occurrence of halogenated aromatic secondary metabolites from extracts of red, brown, and green algae, as well as biological activities reported for these compounds.

Profil fitokimia selada laut (Ulva lactuca) dan mikro alga filamen (Spirogyra sp) sebagai bahan alam bahari potensial dari perairan Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Ari Sri Windyaswari ◽  
Elfahmi Elfahmi ◽  
Fahrauk Faramayuda ◽  
Soraya Riyanti ◽  
Oktiyas Muzaky Luthfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
Green Microalgae ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Green Macroalgae ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites

<p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Perairan Indonesia merupakan habitat bagi berbagai spesies makro dan mikro alga. Selada laut <em>(Ulva lactuca)</em> adalah salah satu makroalga hijau yang secara empiris digunakan sebagai makanan oleh masyarakat Indonesia yang hidup dipesisir pantai. Pada perairan tawar, ganggang hijau (<em>Spirogyra porticalis</em>) merupakan mikroalga filamen yang berperan penting sebagai bioindikator dalam sistem akuatik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil fitokimia dari selada laut dan ganggang hijau yang tumbuh di perairan Indonesia. Hasil pengujian kualitatif pada selada laut <em>(Ulva lactuca)</em>  menunjukkan kandungan metabolit primer  dan sekunder berturut-turut adalah karbohidrat, alkaloid, flavonoid, mono dan seskuiterpenoid. Sementara itu ganggang hijau (<em>Spirogyra porticalis</em>) mengandung karbohidrat, protein, alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik, tannin, kuinon, mono dan seskuiterpenoid. Pola kromatogram selada laut <em>(Ulva lactuca) </em>dan  ganggang hijau (<em>Spirogyra porticalis)</em> mendeteksi aktivitas antioksidan yang dimiliki oleh senyawa- metabolit sekunder  seperti fenol, tannin, flavonoid, mono dan seskuiterpenoid yang memiliki variasi kepolaran dari semi hingga polar. Hasil uji pendahuluan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode dinamolisis menunjukkan selada laut <em>(Ulva lactuca) </em>dan  ganggang hijau (<em>Spirogyra porticalis)</em> memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai obat, suplemen, eksipien farmasi dan makanan nutrisi.</p><p align="center"> </p><p>Kata kunci: selada laut <em>(Ulva lactuca),</em> ganggang hijau (<em>Spyrogyra porticalis</em>), antioksidan, bahari, Indonesia.</p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><em>Indonesian waters are habitat for various macro and micro algae species. Sea lettuce </em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Ulva</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">lactuca</span><em> is one of the green macroalgae that is empirically used as food by Indonesian people. In freshwater, green algae </em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Spirogyra</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">porticalis</span><em> is filament microalgae that play an important role as bioindicators in the aquatic system. The aim of this research was to profiling the chemical constituent from native Indonesian sources,</em><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> Ulva</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">lactuca</span><em>  and</em> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Spirogyra</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">porticalis</span><em>. The results of  </em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Ulva</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">lactuca</span><em>  qualitative analysis showed the content of primary and secondary metabolites are carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, mono, and sesquiterpenoids, respectively. On the other hand, green algae </em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Spirogyra</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">porticalis</span><em> carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, quinones, mono, and sesquiterpenoids, respectively. The chromatogram pattern of sea lettuce </em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Ulva</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">lactuca</span><em> and  </em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Spirogyra</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">porticalis</span><em> showed the antioxidant activity caused by secondary metabolites such as phenol, tannin, flavonoids, mono and sesquiterpenoids which were various polarity. Preliminary test results of antioxidant activity with the dinamolysis method showed sea lettuce </em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Ulva</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">lactuca</span><em>  and</em> <em>and green algae </em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Spirogyra</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">porticalis</span><em> have antioxidant activity. It potentially developed as drugs, supplements, pharmaceutical excipients and nutritional foods.</em><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Keywords</em>: <em>sea lettuce </em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Ulva</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">lactuca</span><em>, green microalgae </em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Spyrogyra</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">porticalis</span><em>, antioxidant, marine, Indonesia, </em></p>

Freeze-Fracture Replication in the Ultrastructure of Blue-Green Algae

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
L. V. Leak
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Photosynthetic Membranes ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Cellular Components

Electron microscopic observations of freeze-fracture replicas of Anabaena cells obtained by the procedures described by Bullivant and Ames (J. Cell Biol., 1966) indicate that the frozen cells are fractured in many different planes. This fracturing or cleaving along various planes allows one to gain a three dimensional relation of the cellular components as a result of such a manipulation. When replicas that are obtained by the freeze-fracture method are observed in the electron microscope, cross fractures of the cell wall and membranes that comprise the photosynthetic lamellae are apparent as demonstrated in Figures 1 & 2.A large portion of the Anabaena cell is composed of undulating layers of cytoplasm that are bounded by unit membranes that comprise the photosynthetic membranes. The adjoining layers of cytoplasm are closely apposed to each other to form the photosynthetic lamellae. Occassionally the adjacent layers of cytoplasm are separated by an interspace that may vary in widths of up to several 100 mu to form intralamellar vesicles.

A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Pro-Vascular Cellular Morphology in Chaetophora Incressata

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
A. E. Hotchkiss ◽  
A. T. Hotchkiss ◽  
R. P. Apkarian
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron

Multicellular green algae may be an ancestral form of the vascular plants. These algae exhibit cell wall structure, chlorophyll pigmentation, and physiological processes similar to those of higher plants. The presence of a vascular system which provides water, minerals, and nutrients to remote tissues in higher plants was believed unnecessary for the algae. Among the green algae, the Chaetophorales are complex highly branched forms that might require some means of nutrient transport. The Chaetophorales do possess apical meristematic groups of cells that have growth orientations suggestive of stem and root positions. Branches of Chaetophora incressata were examined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) for ultrastructural evidence of pro-vascular transport.

Lycopene alleviates sulfamethoxazole-induced hepatotoxicity in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) via suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 8547-8559
Author(s):  
Hongjing Zhao ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Mengyao Mu ◽  
Menghao Guo ◽  
Hongxian Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Grass Carp ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idellus

Antibiotics are used worldwide to treat diseases in humans and other animals; most of them and their secondary metabolites are discharged into the aquatic environment, posing a serious threat to human health.

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