scholarly journals Assessing the environmental impacts of production- and consumption-side measures in sustainable agriculture intensification in the European Union

Geoderma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 338 ◽  
pp. 555-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Liza Bais-Moleman ◽  
Catharina J.E. Schulp ◽  
Peter H. Verburg
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Agriculture Intensification

scholarly journals MEASURING THE PROGRESS TOWARDS CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Nicolae Pintilie ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Continuous Actions ◽  
Consumption Waste

This paper aims to create an image of progress towards circular economy registered by European Union countries through specific indicators. In this way, this paper is based on the study and analysis of the 13 indicators, grouped on 4 pillars: Production and consumption, Waste management, Secondary raw materials, Competitiveness and innovation. After the presentation of the methodology, the paper develops an analysis in time and space of the selected indicators, then an analysis of the countries with their grouping on clusters, creating a map of them and highlighting the current situation of circular economy in the European Union. Moreover, the paper also presents the evolution of the countries regarding circular economy, which has a big importance taking into account that in the European Union the preoccupations for this concept is higher from one period to another. Among the most interesting results are: (1) a massive concentration of countries with problems for Waste management pillar; (2) Europe is one of the regions with the largest contribution in terms of circular economy, but the concept is developing differently from one country to another; (3) The scoreboard evolution is particularly useful in revealing the continuous actions adopted by countries in order to facilitate the conversion to circular economy. Finally, the paper presents possible limits of the research, but also future directions of its development.

ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION FROM RENEWABLE SOURCES IN POLAND AND 28 COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
Paulina Trębska ◽  
Arkadiusz Gromada
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Structure Of Production

The purpose of this article is to present the changes in the structure of production and consumption of energy from renewable energy sources in Poland and in the European Union. Renewable energy sources account for only about 16% of world energy production. This situation, however, from year to year changes. Prym in the use of energy from renewable sources leads the European Union, which has set itself an ambitious target that by 2020, 20% of the energy extracted from the green renewable energy sources.

scholarly journals Ecological taxes in some European countries

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (162) ◽  
pp. 209-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Filipovic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Previous Decade ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Eu

Production and consumption of fossil fuels is one of the major causes of the green house effect, which is in economics known as a form of ecological externality. Fiscal solution, as one way of internalization of externalities, is based on polluters-pay principle and the imposition of tax on emission. Although the implementation of ecological tax was intensified during the previous decade, fiscal revenues are modest and account for only 5% of the total fiscal revenues of the European Union. Taxes on energetic products, accounting for 76%, are dominant among ecological taxes. Since the EU Directive 82/92 imposes minimum excise rates on oil products, during the last decade Central Eastern European countries have increased excise rates on fossil fuels and fully engaged in the field of ecological policy.

Historical Development and Restructuring of CAP Towards a Sustainable Agriculture

2020 ◽  
pp. 231-241
Author(s):  
Esin Candan Demirkol
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Eu

This chapter addresses the changes through the years in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), one of the oldest and most established policies of the European Union, within the framework of the sustainability and environment, and evaluates the impacts of this change within the Turkish agricultural policies. The chapter has three sections. The introduction offers a background knowledge about CAP. In the second section, the reform progress of the CAP is examined through the years. The third section compares economic data on agriculture in Turkey and the EU. Results of the chapter highlight restructuring of CAP towards policies towards sustainability.

scholarly journals Substantial Nitrogen Oxide Pollution Is Embodied in the Bilateral Trade between China and the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Yigang Wei ◽  
Xueqing Wang ◽  
Hanxiao Xu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Petroleum Chemical ◽  
Global Pollutant ◽  
The Eu

Against the backdrop of globalization and trade facilitation, the products consumed by a country are more and more relying on the importation of those products from other countries. Therefore, the pollutant emissions of products associated are transferred from consuming countries to exporting countries, which significantly changes the spatial distribution of global pollutant emissions. The objective of this research is to analyse the embodied nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in the trading process between China and the European Union (EU) and to further trace the interindustry and intercountry transfer paths. This study constructs a multiregional input–output (MRIO) model based on the latest EORA global supply chain database. The MRIO model quantitatively analyses the total NOx emissions from the production and consumption ends of China and the EU from 1995 to 2014. Important findings are derived from the empirical results as follows. (1) In 2014, China’s production end emissions were 1824.38 kilotons higher than those of the consumption end. By contrast, the situation in the EU was the opposite, i.e., production end emissions were 1711.97 kilotons lower than those of the consumption end. (2) In the trade between China and the EU, the EU is a net importer of embodied NOx, and China is a net exporter of embodied NOx. In 2014, 2.55% of China’s domestic NOx emissions were transferred to the EU in China-EU trade, accounting for 2.75% of China’s domestic consumption demand. (3) In 2014, Electricity, Gas and Water (397.75 kilotons), Transport (343.55 kilotons), Petroleum, Chemical and non-metallic Products (95.9 kilotons), Metal Products (49.88 kilotons), Textiles and Apparel (26.19 kilotons), are among the industries with the most embodied NOx emissions from China’s net exports during its two-way trade with the EU. (4) In the bilateral trade between the EU and China, many countries are in the state of embodied NOx net import. The top three net importers in 2014 were Germany (169.24 kilotons), Britain (128.11 kilotons), France (103.21 kilotons).

scholarly journals Growing environmental footprint of plastics driven by coal combustion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Cabernard ◽  
Stephan Pfister ◽  
Christopher Oberschelp ◽  
Stefanie Hellweg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Production And Consumption

AbstractResearch on the environmental impacts from the global value chain of plastics has typically focused on the disposal phase, considered most harmful to the environment and human health. However, the production of plastics is also responsible for substantial environmental, health and socioeconomic impacts. We show that the carbon and particulate-matter-related health footprint of plastics has doubled since 1995, due mainly to growth in plastics production in coal-based economies. Coal-based emissions have quadrupled since 1995, causing almost half of the plastics-related carbon and particulate-matter-related health footprint in 2015. Plastics-related carbon footprints of China’s transportation, Indonesia’s electronics industry and India’s construction sector have increased more than 50-fold since 1995. In 2015, plastics caused 4.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, 6% of global coal electricity is used for plastics production. The European Union and the United States have increasingly consumed plastics produced in coal-based economies. In 2015, 85% of the workforce required for plastics consumed by the European Union and the United States was employed abroad, but 80% of the related value added was generated domestically. As high-income regions have outsourced the energy-intensive steps of plastics production to coal-based economies, renewable energy investments throughout the plastics value chain are critical for sustainable production and consumption of plastics.

scholarly journals A System for Personalized Clothing Production as a Model for Supporting the Competitiveness of SMEs on the Example of Lodz Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kędzia ◽  
Radosław Dziuba
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Clothing Industry ◽  
Innovative Product ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
The Eu

AbstractPoland’s accession to the European Union has given many opportunities both in terms of access to the EU economy and European funds. Owing to the set sustainable development goals, the business sphere faces the challenge of their implementation through, among others, activities in the area of social and human capital, and environmental protection. It is important to model solutions that enable sustainable production and consumption. The introduction of innovative product and process technologies may contribute to increasing the competitiveness of SMEs in the Textile and Clothing sector, which in consequence should also contribute to the implementation of objectives of the Regional Smart Specializations for Lodz Province. An example of such solutions is the system for personalized production of clothes presented in the article. The aim of the article is to determine the current situation of the Polish clothing industry in trade with the European Union by analyzing comparative advantages for CN 61 and 62 (related to the clothing industry) and presenting the level of innovation of Lodz Province against the background of Poland as a region specializing in the production of clothing under the adopted Regional Smart Specializations for Lodz Province. It is assumed that the presented system for the personalized production of clothing may affect the competitiveness of this industry and the region.

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