Mapping of anthropogenic trace elements inputs in agricultural topsoil from Northern France using enrichment factors

Geoderma ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 157 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hocine Bourennane ◽  
Francis Douay ◽  
Thibault Sterckeman ◽  
Estelle Villanneau ◽  
Henri Ciesielski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Northern France ◽  
Agricultural Topsoil

scholarly journals Trace Elements in Antarctic Air and Snowfall

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Dick ◽  
D.A. Peel
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Contamination Control ◽  
Polar Ice Sheets ◽  
Firm Basis ◽  
The Antarctic

Measurements of trace elements in snow and ice are frequently used to describe past atmospheric composition although there is no firm basis for assuming a direct connection. Trace-element concentrations have been measured on samples of aerosol and freshly fallen snow collected simultaneously from two sites in the Antarctic Peninsula during summer. Following improvements in contamination control, the reported concentrations and crustal enrichment factors of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in the aerosol are lower than any values previously reported from Antarctica. Even tighter controls will be required in the future.For a crustal element (A1) and for the marine cations (Na, Ca and K) a consistent ratio (0.48±0.31) for the concentration in air (pg m−3)/concentration in snow (pg g−1) is obtained for simultaneously collected samples. This supports a simple model of aerosol scavenging proposed by Junge which considers aerosol removal over polar ice sheets to be dominated by in-cloud processes. Averaged data for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn from samples collected at different times appear to behave similarly. These findings suggest that there is no preferential scavenging by snowfall of either crustal or heavy metal components in contemporary aerosol. If proved more general in Antarctica this may help to simplify the interpretation of time series data from ice cores.

scholarly journals Trace Element Distributions in the Zn-Pb (Mississippi Valley-Type) and Cu-Ag (Kupferschiefer) Sediment-Hosted Deposits in Poland

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Stanisław Z. Mikulski ◽  
Sławomir Oszczepalski ◽  
Katarzyna Sadłowska ◽  
Andrzej Chmielewski ◽  
Rafał Małek
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Mississippi Valley ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Bulk Rock ◽  
Ore Processing ◽  
Mississippi Valley Type ◽  
Valley Type

We applied geochemical (ICP-MS, WD-XRF, GFAAS, and AMA 254) and mineralogical (EPMA) studies of 137 samples to ore mineralization from Middle-Triassic sediment-hosted Zn-Pb (Mississippi Valley-type MVT) and Lower Zechstein sediment-hosted stratiform (SSC) Cu-Ag (Kupferschiefer-type) deposits in Poland. They contain a number of trace elements which are not recovered during the ore processing. Only Cu, Ag, Pb, Ni, Re, Se, Au, and PGE are extracted from Cu-Ag deposits while Zn and Pb are the only elements produced from Zn-Pb deposits. Zn-Pb deposits contain Cd, Ag, Ga, and Ba in slightly elevated concentrations and have potential to be mineral resources. This applies to a lesser extent to other trace elements (Bi, As, Hf, Tl, Sb, Se, and Re). However, only Cd and Ag show high enrichment factors indicative of potential for recovery. The bulk-rock analyses reveal strong correlations between Zn and Cd and Se, As and Mo, and weaker correlations between Ag and Cd, as well as Ga and Zn. Electron microprobe analyses of sphalerite revealed high concentrations of Cd (≤2.6 wt%) and Ag (≤3300 ppm). Zn-Pb deposits have fairly significant estimated resources of Ga and Sc (>1000 tons) and Cd (>10,000 tons). The Cu-Ag deposits have element signatures characterized by high values of Co, V, Ni, and Mo and much lower of Bi, As, Cd, Hg, Mo, Sb, and Tl. Bulk-rock analyses show strong correlations between Se and V; As and Co; Bi and Re; and weaker correlations between, for example, Cu and Mo; V, Ni, Ag and Mo; and Ni, V, and Co and Ni. The EPMA determinations reveal strong enrichments of Ag in Cu sulfides (geerite ≤ 10.1 wt %, chalcocite ≤ 6.28 wt %, bornite ≤ 3.29 wt %, djurleite ≤ 9080 ppm, yarrowite ≤ 6614 ppm, and digenite ≤ 3545 ppm). Silver minerals and alloys, as well as the native Ag and Au, were recorded in the Cu-Ag ores. Large resources of Co, V, and Ni (>100,000 tons) and Sc and Mo (>10,000 tons) are notable in Cu-Ag deposits. A number of trace elements, classified as critical for the economy of the European Union, including Ga and Ba (to a lesser extent Hf, Nb, and Sc) in Zn-Pb deposits, and Co and V in the Cu-Ag deposits, may eventually be recovered in the future from the studied deposits if proper ore-processing circuits and increasing demand are favorable.

scholarly journals Analysis of Trace Elements in the Bhq Ice Core, Law Dome, Antarctica

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (118) ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Yun-Gang ◽  
Zhang Yun-Hui ◽  
Li Gui-Qun ◽  
Xiao Lun ◽  
Xie Zi-Chu
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Tendency ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Sample Transfer ◽  
Certified Values

AbstractTrace elements in ice samples taken from Law Dome, Antarctica, were analysed using an instrumental neutron-activation analysis technique. A Jupiter multichannel analyser-computer system coupled to a Ge(Li) detector was used for the acquisition of γ-spectra and for data reduction. “Blanks” in water and in nitric acid, which were used in pre-concentration and sample transfer, were also analysed. To check the validity of this analytical procedure, a U.S. Environment Protection Agency water standard for trace elements was also analysed. The observed values agreed with the certified values.The results (in ppb) of eight elements are:Na   209         Mn   0.42   Mg  26   Fe  14Sc    0.0017   Co   0.028   Al   9.6   Se   0.02The enrichment factors for these eight elements relative to the Earth’s crust were calculated. These elements can be subdivided into three groups or sources according to their enrichment factors. The variations of elemental concentrations with depth show no positive tendency towards a systematic increase or decrease over the past 5000 years.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Relative Enrichment of Some Upper-Group Trace Elements in Rhizosphere of Highly Anthropized and Rapidly Developing Tropical Environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Tyopine ◽  
Sunday E. Obalum ◽  
Chukwuma Okoye ◽  
Charles Igwe
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Reference Element ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Relative Enrichment

Abstract Most upper-group (Groups 13-17) trace elements are toxic including those already confirmed as micronutrients considering the very thin margin between their adequacy and toxicity in the biosphere. The concentrations, distribution and relative enrichment were studied of some of these elements in 0-50-cm soil layer at Ikwo in southeastern Nigeria representing largely disturbed and rapidly evolving ecosystems of the humid tropical region. Samples was from the north (N), south (S), east (E) and west (W) zones with pronounced mining and agricultural activities, including a reference zone at the centre (F). The samples were taken from fallow lands in the dry season. The concentrations of the trace elements were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy. Enrichment factor was calculated as the ratio of each element to that of Fe (as a reference element) in the soil. The elements had their highest concentrations in F-zone and lowest in N-zone, with top-bottom ranges as 21.00-10.75, 1.83-0.93, 10.90-5.58, 4.05-2.05, 4.97-2.54, 2.20-1.12, 17.75-9.09, 26.74-13.69, 4.41-2.26, and 1.89-0.96 mg kg–1 for Se, As, B, Al, Si, S, Sn, Sb, I and Br, respectively. Thus mining and agricultural activities, rather than leading to the build-up of these elements, tend to contribute towards reducing their levels in the rhizosphere. Enrichment factors indicated moderate-to-insignificant levels of the majority of the elements in the soils. Generally, the elements showed similar distribution and enrichment patterns across the five zones. These results suggest that, at their current modes and intensities in the humid tropics, mining and agricultural activities apparently may not pose any ecological hazards due to these trace elements.

scholarly journals Analysis of Trace Elements in the Bhq Ice Core, Law Dome, Antarctica

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (118) ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
Liu Yun-Gang ◽  
Zhang Yun-Hui ◽  
Li Gui-Qun ◽  
Xiao Lun ◽  
Xie Zi-Chu
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Tendency ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Sample Transfer ◽  
Certified Values

AbstractTrace elements in ice samples taken from Law Dome, Antarctica, were analysed using an instrumental neutron-activation analysis technique. A Jupiter multichannel analyser-computer system coupled to a Ge(Li) detector was used for the acquisition of γ-spectra and for data reduction. “Blanks” in water and in nitric acid, which were used in pre-concentration and sample transfer, were also analysed. To check the validity of this analytical procedure, a U.S. Environment Protection Agency water standard for trace elements was also analysed. The observed values agreed with the certified values.The results (in ppb) of eight elements are:Na   209         Mn   0.42   Mg  26   Fe  14Sc    0.0017   Co   0.028   Al   9.6   Se   0.02The enrichment factors for these eight elements relative to the Earth’s crust were calculated. These elements can be subdivided into three groups or sources according to their enrichment factors. The variations of elemental concentrations with depth show no positive tendency towards a systematic increase or decrease over the past 5000 years.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of trace elements in surface sediments of Hooghly (Ganges) river estuary in West Bengal, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Trifuoggi ◽  
Luciano Ferrara ◽  
Maria Toscanesi ◽  
Priyanka Mondal ◽  
Jonathan Muthuswamy Ponniah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
Contamination Index ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Distribution Of Trace Elements

AbstractThe spatial distribution of trace elements in surface sediments of the Hooghly estuary was studied over the monsoons in 2014–2017. As, Cd, Ni, Pb and U were two- to sixteen-fold the crust means with increasing levels toward the estuary, with Ni peak during the post-monsoon. Pearson’s correlation matrix, cluster analysis, enrichment factors and pollution index revealed the anthropic source and association of trace elements with Fe, Mn and Al and of Pb with U. Geoaccumulation index revealed for Ni an extremely contaminated situation at the estuary water during monsoon and for Cd a heavily contaminated situation at freshwater location. The potential contamination index was >6; thus, sediments were very severely contaminated by As, Cd and Ni with worst situation for As and Cd at fresh and brackish water and during post-monsoon. The overall ecological risk was severe, 300≤RI<600 at all sites and seasons, especially after the monsoon, at fluvial and brackish locations.

Elemental Enrichment And Its Attribution To Natural And Anthropogenic Sources In Fine And Coarse Aerosols Of Kuala Lumpur

1998 ◽  
pp. l-15
Author(s):  
M. Rashid ◽  
R.F Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Crustal Rock ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Key Words Air Pollution

A total of 139 collocated samples of fine and coarse atmospheric aerosols collected from July 1988 to December 1990 in Kuala Lumpur were analysed for their elemental composition,and for their assoctated concentrations in the sampled air. Nine elements i.e As, Br, Co, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb and Zn, were found to be strongly attributed to anthropogenic sources. Their elemental enrichment factors in fine and coarse size fraction were more than 17 times higher than those found in the crustal rock. Whilst, Ca, Fe, K, Mn, and V could be attributed to both anthropogenic and soil related aerosols. Both Al and Cl were exclusively originated from soil and marine in all size fractions respectively. Key Words: Air pollution, aerosol, trace elements, enrichment factors

Trace Elements of Precipitation in the Shigatse Region, Southern Tibetan Plateau

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 1652-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Qing Liu ◽  
Yong Jie Yang ◽  
Yi’an Di ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Wei Wei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Southern Tibetan Plateau

In order to investigate trace elements of precipitation on Tibetan Plateau, a total of 34 precipitation samples have been collected from individual precipitation events at the Shigatse Meteorological Station located in the south Tibetan Plateau in 2008. All samples were analyzed for 12 elements (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Se, Ag, Ba and Pb) by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The result showed that the average concentrations of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Se, Ag, Ba and Pb were 0.22 μg L-1, 0.17 μg L-1, 2.47 μg L-1, 16.52 μg L-1, 0.07 μg L-1, 1.04 μg L-1, 2.52 μg L-1, 0.29 μg L-1, 0.09 μg L-1, 0.04 μg L-1, 31.54 μg L-1 and 0.10μg L-1, respectively. The concentrations of elements were generally comparable to other background sites, and much lower than urban areas. The enrichment factors indicated that coal combustion along with vehicle and industry emissions may be the main sources of pollution elements.

Accumulation of trace elements in agricultural topsoil under different geological background

2011 ◽  
Vol 349 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenglong Tu ◽  
Tengbing He ◽  
Congqiang Liu ◽  
Xiaohui Lu ◽  
Yunchao Lang
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Agricultural Topsoil ◽  
Geological Background
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