scholarly journals The bromine and chlorine isotope composition of primary halite deposits and their significance for the secular isotope composition of seawater

2019 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 13-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.G.M Eggenkamp ◽  
P. Louvat ◽  
P. Agrinier ◽  
M. Bonifacie ◽  
A. Bekker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Chlorine Isotope

scholarly journals Chlorine isotope composition in chlorofluorocarbons CFC-11, CFC-12 and CFC-113 in firn, stratospheric and tropospheric air

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 6867-6877 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Allin ◽  
J. C. Laube ◽  
E. Witrant ◽  
J. Kaiser ◽  
E. McKenna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Standard Uncertainty ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
Chlorine Isotope ◽  
Tropospheric Measurements ◽  
Single Detector

Abstract. The stratospheric degradation of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) releases chlorine, which is a major contributor to the destruction of stratospheric ozone (O3). A recent study reported strong chlorine isotope fractionation during the breakdown of the most abundant CFC (CFC-12, CCl2F2, Laube et al., 2010a), similar to effects seen in nitrous oxide (N2O). Using air archives to obtain a long-term record of chlorine isotope ratios in CFCs could help to identify and quantify their sources and sinks. We analyse the three most abundant CFCs and show that CFC-11 (CCl3F) and CFC-113 (CClF2CCl2F) exhibit significant stratospheric chlorine isotope fractionation, in common with CFC-12. The apparent isotope fractionation (ϵapp) for mid- and high-latitude stratospheric samples are respectively −2.4 (0.5) and −2.3 (0.4) ‰ for CFC-11, −12.2 (1.6) and −6.8 (0.8) ‰ for CFC-12 and −3.5 (1.5) and −3.3 (1.2) ‰ for CFC-113, where the number in parentheses is the numerical value of the standard uncertainty expressed in per mil. Assuming a constant isotope composition of emissions, we calculate the expected trends in the tropospheric isotope signature of these gases based on their stratospheric 37Cl enrichment and stratosphere–troposphere exchange. We compare these projections to the long-term δ (37Cl) trends of all three CFCs, measured on background tropospheric samples from the Cape Grim air archive (Tasmania, 1978–2010) and tropospheric firn air samples from Greenland (North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (NEEM) site) and Antarctica (Fletcher Promontory site). From 1970 to the present day, projected trends agree with tropospheric measurements, suggesting that within analytical uncertainties, a constant average emission isotope delta (δ) is a compatible scenario. The measurement uncertainty is too high to determine whether the average emission isotope δ has been affected by changes in CFC manufacturing processes or not. Our study increases the suite of trace gases amenable to direct isotope ratio measurements in small air volumes (approximately 200 mL), using a single-detector gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) system.

scholarly journals Chlorine isotope composition in chlorofluorocarbons CFC-11, CFC-12 and CFC-113 in firn, stratospheric and tropospheric air

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 31813-31841
Author(s):  
S. J. Allin ◽  
J. C. Laube ◽  
E. Witrant ◽  
J. Kaiser ◽  
E. McKenna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chlorine Isotope ◽  
Site Model ◽  
Tropospheric Measurements ◽  
Single Detector

Abstract. The stratospheric degradation of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) releases chlorine, which is a major contributor to the destruction of stratospheric ozone (O3). A recent study reported strong chlorine isotope fractionation during the breakdown of the most abundant CFC (CFC-12, CCl2F2), similar to effects seen in nitrous oxide (N2O). Using air archives to obtain a long-term record of chlorine isotope ratios in CFCs could help to identify and quantify their sources and sinks. We analyse the three most abundant CFCs and show that CFC-11 (CCl3F) and CFC-113 (CClF2CCl2F) exhibit significant stratospheric chlorine isotope fractionation, in common with CFC-12. The apparent isotope fractionation (ϵapp) for mid- and high-latitude stratospheric samples are (−2.4 ± 0.5) and (−2.3 ± 0.4)‰ for CFC-11, (−12.2 ± 1.6) and (−6.8 ± 0.8)‰ for CFC-12 and (−3.5 ± 1.5) and (−3.3 ± 1.2)‰ for CFC-113, respectively. Assuming a constant source isotope composition, we estimate the expected trends in the tropospheric isotope signature of these gases due to their stratospheric 37Cl enrichment and stratosphere–troposphere exchange. We compare these model results to the long-term δ(37Cl) trends of all three CFCs, measured on background tropospheric samples from the Cape Grim air archive (Tasmania, 1978–2010) and tropospheric firn air samples from Greenland (NEEM site) and Antarctica (Fletcher Promontory site). Model trends agree with tropospheric measurements within analytical uncertainties. From 1970 to the present-day, we find no evidence for variations in chlorine isotope ratios associated with changes in CFC manufacturing processes. Our study increases the suite of trace gases amenable to direct isotope ratio measurements in small air volumes, using a single-detector gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system.

The Chlorine Isotope Composition of Earth's Mantle

Science ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 319 (5869) ◽  
pp. 1518-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bonifacie ◽  
N. Jendrzejewski ◽  
P. Agrinier ◽  
E. Humler ◽  
M. Coleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Chlorine Isotope ◽  
Earth’S Mantle

scholarly journals The chlorine isotopic composition of Martian meteorites 1: Chlorine isotope composition of Martian mantle and crustal reservoirs and their interactions

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 2092-2110 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Williams ◽  
C. K. Shearer ◽  
Z. D. Sharp ◽  
P. V. Burger ◽  
F. M. McCubbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Chlorine Isotope ◽  
Martian Meteorites

Chlorine isotope composition of volcanic gases and rocks at Mount Etna (Italy) and inferences on the local mantle source

2013 ◽  
Vol 371-372 ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Rizzo ◽  
Antonio Caracausi ◽  
Marcello Liotta ◽  
Antonio Paonita ◽  
Jaime D. Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Source ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Mount Etna ◽  
Volcanic Gases ◽  
Chlorine Isotope

Changes of chlorine isotope composition characterize bacterial dehalogenation of dichloromethane

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Zyakun ◽  
Yu. E. Firsova ◽  
M. L. Torgonskaya ◽  
N. V. Doronina ◽  
Yu. A. Trotsenko
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Chlorine Isotope

The chlorine isotope composition of chondrites and Earth

2013 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 189-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.D. Sharp ◽  
J.A. Mercer ◽  
R.H. Jones ◽  
A.J. Brearley ◽  
J. Selverstone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Chlorine Isotope
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