Transesterification of waste cooking oil to biodiesel using Ca and Zr mixed oxides as heterogeneous base catalysts

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asghar Molaei Dehkordi ◽  
Mohammad Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Base Catalysts ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Heterogeneous Base

scholarly journals Recent Development of Heterogeneous Catalysis in the Transesterification of Glycerol to Glycerol Carbonate

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Glycerol Carbonate ◽  
Base Catalysts ◽  
Organic Bases ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metal Oxides ◽  
Valuable Product ◽  
Heterogeneous Base

Glycerol is one of the most crucial by-products in the production of biodiesel, and owing to its oversaturation in the market, several synthetic strategies have been developed to transform it into other higher value-added products such as glycerol carbonate, epichlorohydrin, 1,3-propanediol, etc. Amongst them, glycerol carbonate is considered to be the most valuable product. Considering the facile separation and reusability of catalyst, heterogeneous base catalysts have attracted considerable attention due to the obvious advantages over Brϕnsted acid and homogeneous base catalysts in the transesterification of glycerol. Herein, we will give a short overview on the recent development of the heterogeneous catalysis in the transesterification of glycerol with dialkyl carbonate. Focus will be concentrated on the heterogeneous base catalysts including alkaline-earth metal oxides (MgO, CaO, and mixed oxides), hydrotalcites, zeolites, clinoptilolites, organic bases, etc. Their catalytic mechanisms during the heterogeneous process will be elucidated in detail.

Mixed oxides of Ca, Mg and Zn as heterogeneous base catalysts for the synthesis of palm kernel oil methyl esters

2013 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 616-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasipim Limmanee ◽  
Thikumporn Naree ◽  
Kunchana Bunyakiat ◽  
Chawalit Ngamcharussrivichai
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Base Catalysts ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Heterogeneous Base

Fatty acid methyl ester production from waste cooking oil catalyzed by CuO-CeO2/NiO mixed oxides

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 023104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Tajammul Hussain ◽  
Waqas Ahmed ◽  
Maria Saeed ◽  
Syed Danish Ali ◽  
Maliha Asma
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Acid Methyl

scholarly journals Green Heterogeneous Base Catalyst from Ripe-Unripe Plantain Peels for the Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olayomi Abiodun Falowo ◽  
Babatunde Oladipo ◽  
Abiola Ezekiel Taiwo ◽  
Tomiwa Ayomiposi Olaiya ◽  
Oluwaseun Oyekola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Base Catalyst ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Heterogeneous Base Catalyst ◽  
Heterogeneous Base

Abstract Economical feedstocks such as agricultural wastes, food wastes, and waste cooking oil were used for biodiesel production to expand their application. Thus, a solid base catalyst was synthesized from a mixture of ripe and unripe plantain peels at a calcination temperature of 500 oC for 4 h. The catalyst was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The waste cooking oil (WCO) used in this study was first pretreated with 3% (v/v) of H2SO4 via esterification reaction due to its high acid value. The esterified WCO was converted to biodiesel via transesterification reaction, and the process was then modeled and optimized using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design method considering reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst amount, and methanol/WCO molar ratio as the input variables. Based on the results, the synthesized catalyst predominantly contained potassium phases with 45.16 wt.%. The morphology of the catalyst revealed a crystalline mesoporous nanocomposite. At the end of WCO esterification, the acidity of the oil decreased from 5 to 1 mg KOH/g. The optimal conditions established for the transesterification process were catalyst amount of 0.5 wt.%, methanol/WCO molar ratio of 6:1, reaction temperature of 45 oC, and reaction time of 45 min with a corresponding biodiesel yield of 97.96 wt.%. The quality of the biodiesel produced satisfied the specifications (ASTM D6751 and EN 14241) recommended for biodiesel fuels. Hence, a blend of ripe and unripe plantain peels could serve as an efficient heterogeneous base catalyst in producing biodiesel from WCO.

Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil catalyzed by TiO2–MgO mixed oxides

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (24) ◽  
pp. 9570-9576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzhong Wen ◽  
Xinhai Yu ◽  
Shan-Tung Tu ◽  
Jinyue Yan ◽  
Erik Dahlquist
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Cooking Oil
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