New genetic markers for identifying Cronartium flaccidum and Peridermium pini and examining genetic variation within and between lesions of Scots pine blister rust in Sweden

2011 ◽  
Vol 115 (12) ◽  
pp. 1303-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Samils ◽  
Katarina Ihrmark ◽  
Juha Kaitera ◽  
Jan Stenlid ◽  
Pia Barklund
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Peridermium Pini

scholarly journals Markers of Genetic Variation in Blue Gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus) as a Model for Labyrinth Fish

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Gad Degani ◽  
Isana Veksler-Lublinsky ◽  
Ari Meerson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Somatotropic Axis ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Markers of genetic variation between species are important for both applied and basic research. Here, various genes of the blue gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus, suborder Anabantoidei, a model labyrinth fish), many of them involved in growth and reproduction, are reviewed as markers of genetic variation. The genes encoding the following hormones are described: kisspeptins 1 and 2, gonadotropin-releasing hormones 1, 2, and 3, growth hormone, somatolactin, prolactin, follicle- stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, as well as mitochondrial genes encoding cytochrome b and 12S rRNA. Genetic markers in blue gourami, representing the suborder Anabantoidei, differ from those in other bony fishes. The sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene of blue gourami is often used to study the Anabantoidei suborder. Among the genes involved in controlling growth and reproduction, the most suitable genetic markers for distinguishing between species of the Anabantoidei have functions in the hypothalamic–pituitary–somatotropic axis: pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide and growth hormone, and the 12S rRNA gene.

scholarly journals Power of a chromosomal test to detect genetic variation using genetic markers

Heredity ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M Visscher ◽  
Chris S Haley
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Markers

Nei's to Bayes': comparing computational methods and genetic markers to estimate patterns of genetic variation in Tolpis (Asteraceae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 1466-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Levsen ◽  
D. J. Crawford ◽  
J. K. Archibald ◽  
A. Santos-Geurra ◽  
M. E. Mort
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Computational Methods

Markers, maps and the detection of trait loci

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 50-50
Author(s):  
C.S. Haley
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Potential Interest ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Modern Breeding

Naturally occurring genetic variation is the basis for differences in performance and appearance between and within different breeds and lines of livestock. In a few instances (e.g. coat colour, polling) the genes (or loci) which control the variation between animals and breeds have a large enough effect to be individually recognisable. For many traits, however, the combined effects of many different genes act together to control quantitative differences between breeds and individuals within breeds (hence such genes are often referred to as quantitative trait loci or QTLs). Thus the dramatic successes of modern breeding result from generations of selection which has produced accumulated changes at a number of different loci. The genome contains up to 100,000 different genes and identifying those which contribute to variation in traits of interest is a difficult task. One first step is to identify regions of the genome containing loci of potential interest through their linkage to genetic markers.

scholarly journals Morphometric Variation as an Indicator of Genetic Interactions Between Black-Capped and Carolina Chickadees at a Contact Zone in the Appalachian Mountains

The Auk ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene D. Sattler ◽  
Michael J. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Hybrid Zone ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Mixed Ancestry ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
Average Gene ◽  
Hybridization And Introgression

AbstractWe studied hybridization and introgression between Black-capped (Poecile atricapillus) and Carolina (P. carolinensis) chickadees along two transects in the Appalachians using four genetic markers and multivariate analysis of morphology. Genetic data revealed that at least 58% of the birds in the center of each transect were of mixed ancestry and that recombinant genotypes predominated among hybrids, demonstrating that hybridization is frequent and that many hybrids are fertile. Genetic clines generally were steep and coincident in position, but introgression was evident well beyond the range interface. Introgression was higher at the one autosomal locus surveyed than in mitochondrial DNA or in two sex-linked markers, suggesting that the hybrid zone is a conduit for gene flow between the two forms at some loci. On a broad scale, morphometric variation was concordant with genetic variation. Clines in morphological variation based on principal components (PC) scores were steep and coincident with genetic clines. Also, a strong correlation within a population between PC scores and an individual's genetic makeup suggested that a large amount of morphological variation was genetically determined. However, morphological analysis indicated that hybrids were uncommon on one transect, whereas genetic data clearly showed that they were common on both. In addition, patterns of morphological variation were equivocal regarding introgression across the hybrid zone. Thus, genetic data provided a complementary and more detailed assessment of hybridization, largely due to the discrete nature of genetic variation. Genetic markers are useful in understanding hybridization and introgression, but diagnostic markers may underestimate average gene flow if selection against hybrids maintains steep clines at diagnostic loci. To gain a clearer picture of the genome-wide effects of hybridization, a much larger number of loci must be assayed, including non-diagnostic ones.

scholarly journals Spatial Genetic Structure Within Two Contrasting Stands of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Chybicki ◽  
A. Dzialuk ◽  
M. Trojankiewicz ◽  
M. Slawski ◽  
J. Burczyk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Genetic Pool ◽  
Establishment History ◽  
Two Populations

AbstractWhen considering neutral nuclear markers, genetic differentiation of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) populations is known to be low. The homogeneity arises particularly as an effect of common ancestry in a recent evolutionary history as well as an extensive gene flow, especially through pollen. However, within populations several other forces may shape the spatial distribution of genetic variation, including establishment history, environmental and silvicultural selection. These local forces are known to produce non-random spatial patterns of genetic variation, however little is known on fine-scale spatial genetic structure of Scots pine. In this study, two stands of this species with different establishment histories, selected within one larger population located in northern Poland were genotyped and analysed for genetic variation and within-stand spatial genetic structure. Results revealed no differences in genetic variation, although stands are separated about 60 km, suggesting that the two populations share a common genetic pool. The spatial genetic structure in both stands was found to be slightly different and was attributed to differences in the mode of populations’ establishments. Finally, results confirmed that gene flow in Scots pine is extensive, causing genetic homogeneity within a single population.

Abstract 500: Assessing the Impact of Cardiovascular Disease-Related Genetic Variation on Clinical Cognitive Impairment

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B Dube ◽  
Christopher T Johansen ◽  
John Robinson ◽  
Joan Lindsay ◽  
Vladimir Hachinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: “Cognitive impairment, no dementia” (CIND) is a prodromal stage of cognitive decline which marks the onset of dementia and is due most commonly to 1) Alzheimer disease (AD) or 2) vascular dysfunction. In order to assess the genetic component of CIND susceptibility, we investigated cardiovascular disease (CVD) and AD-associated genetic variation in CIND patients, hypothesizing that the genetic variation affecting CVD and AD susceptibility is also associated with CIND susceptibility. Methods: Our study cohort was taken from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) and was comprised of patients >65 years old with CIND (n=274) and matched normal controls (n=301). We genotyped ∼200,000 CVD-related SNPs using the Cardio-Metabochip genotyping array (Illumina). We also genotyped a panel of the top 11 AD-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and APOE isotype. We tested for association between CIND status and genotypes using a logistic regression model adjusted for appropriate covariates. Genetic risk scores (GRSs) evaluated associations between CIND status and the accumulation of multiple genetic markers. Results: From our Cardio-Metabochip analysis, we identified 5 novel CIND susceptibility loci, with rs16901621 in FLJ22536 as our most significantly associated SNP (P=1.05E-06, OR=2.51, 95%CI=1.73-3.63). APOE ε4 isotype was modestly associated with CIND status (P<0.05), while AD SNP risk alleles were not associated (P>0.1). Conclusion: Using a high-throughput CVD microarray, we found novel genetic markers for CIND approaching genome-wide levels of significance. In contrast, known genetic markers for AD, such as APOE ε4 showed only modest associations in this cohort. Follow-up of variants in a CSHA replication cohort (n=370) is currently underway.

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