Scale-up of experimental data from an isothermal bench-scale hydrotreatment plant to adiabatic reactors

Fuel ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 1270-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A.D. Muñoz ◽  
Ignacio Elizalde ◽  
Jorge Ancheyta
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Bench Scale

scholarly journals Influence of toluene and salinity on biosurfactant production by Bacillus sp.: scale up from flasks to a bench-scale bioreactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Cristina Souza ◽  
Thereza Christina Vessoni-Penna ◽  
Saleh Al Arni ◽  
José Manuel Domínguez ◽  
Attilio Converti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Bench Scale

Analytical Methods and Bench Scale Preparative Bioseparations

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger G. Harrison ◽  
Paul W. Todd ◽  
Scott R. Rudge ◽  
Demetri P. Petrides
Keyword(s):  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Magnetic Separations ◽  
Analytical Development ◽  
Downstream Processes

The development of efficient and reliable processes for bioseparations is dependent on the availability of suitable analytical methods. This means it is important that work on analytical methodology for the bioproduct of interest starts at the very beginning of process development. Analytical studies are important throughout the development and scale up of the process, as changes can occur either to the product or to its associated impurities from what may be thought of as minor changes in the process. This chapter gives access to the vocabulary and techniques used in quality control and analytical development activities, starting with a description of specifications typically set for a pharmaceutical and the rationale behind them. Then, before discussing the assays themselves, we describe assay attributes, which can be measured and used to help not only the assay developer but also the biochemist and engineer responsible for developing downstream processes determine the usefulness and meaning of the assay. Finally, we turn to assays that are commonly applied in biotechnology, as they apply to biological activity, identity, and purity. These assays are the ultimate yardsticks by which the process is measured. Purification methods are developed for their ability to remove a contaminant from the product of interest, whether it is a related molecule, a contaminant related to a host organism, such as DNA or endotoxin, or a process contaminant, such as a residual solvent or water. Critical to understanding process performance is an understanding of how the assays that measure these contaminants have been developed, what the assay strengths and limitations are, and what they indicate and why. Electrophoresis and magnetic separation are two methods that are now used for the bench scale preparative purification of bioproducts, including living cells. The electrophoresis systems with the highest capacity are free-flow electrophoresis, density gradient electrophoresis, recycling free-flow isoelectric focusing, and rotating isoelectric focusing, and the principles of operation of these are discussed. The physical principles of magnetic separations are presented, as well as magnetic reagents and applications of magnetic separators.

Rejection of organic micropollutants by high pressure membranes: comparison of bench-scale versus single element tests

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
T.U. Kim ◽  
C. Bellona ◽  
P. Xu ◽  
J. Drewe ◽  
G. Amy
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Trace Organic Compounds ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Trace Organic

There has been considerable information reported on rejection of trace organic compounds from pilot-scale and full-scale experiments with reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF), but this information has limited value in predicting the rejection of these compounds by high-pressure membranes. The goal of this research is to define relationships between compound properties, membrane properties, and operational conditions, e.g. pressure, recovery, affecting trace organic compound rejection, comparing bench-scale recirculation tests and bench-scale single-pass tests. In addition, bench-scale results are compared against single element tests to ascertain scale-up effects.

Experimental and CFD Evaluation of a Bubble Column Reactor

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. McGuffie ◽  
Mike A. Porter ◽  
Dennis H. Martens
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Bubble Column Reactor ◽  
Column Reactor ◽  
Cfd Models ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Multi Phase Flow ◽  
Multi Phase

During the scale-up design of a slurry bubble column reactor from a pilot demonstration facility to a production reactor, the design team used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as a tool to quantify design variables, such as gas holdup and liquid velocities/structural pressures within the reactor. At the time of the analysis, all available physics models for modeling the multi-phase flow had significant limitations that would require “tuning” of the CFD input parameters to ensure confidence in the results. The authors initially conducted a literature search to find data that could be used to calibrate the model. While a wide variety of literature is available, none provided the exact data required for model calibration. For this reason, the authors constructed a test column and performed experiments to derive data for tuning the CFD models. Statistical analysis of the experimental data provided distributions on the input parameters of interest. CFD studies were then used to tune the CFD input parameters to match the experimental data. A correlation was developed, tested and verified. This correlation was then used to provide confidence in the results of the design analysis performed on the scaled up reactor.

Homogeneous Photoreactions for AOTs: Reactor Analysis and Design

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Martín ◽  
R. J. Brandi ◽  
O. M. Alfano ◽  
A. E. Cassano
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Mathematical Description ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reaction Kinetic ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Additional Information

AbstractThis paper presents the most important technical tools that are needed for designing homogeneous photoreactors using computer simulation of a rigorous mathematical description of the reactor performance. Employing intrinsic reaction kinetic models and parameters derived from properly analyzed laboratory information, it is shown that is possible to scale up reactors with no additional information and without resorting to empirically adjusted correcting factors. The method is illustrated with two processes of degradation of organic pollutants as typical applications of the newly developed Advanced Oxidation Technologies. Two reactors, having pilot plant sizes, are modeled to show the proposed approach. Predictions from the models are compared with experimental data obtaining reasonable good results. They provide confidence on mathematical modeling as a design methodology for homogeneous photochemical reactors.

scholarly journals STUDY THE GROWTH KINETICS OF PEDIOCOCCUS ACIDILACTICI WITH ESTIMATION OF KINETIC PARAMETERS AND APPLIED IN LARGE SCALE PEDIOCIN PRODUCTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Barnali Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pediococcus Acidilactici ◽  
Monod Model ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of the study was to determine the growth kinetics of Pediococcus acidilactici using a mathematical model for large scale pediocinproduction.Methods: Growth kinetics of P. acidilactici has been studied for pediocin production in small scale batch fermenter (Erlenmeyer flask) using meatprocessing waste medium. The experiments have been conducted with varying the concentrations of glucose, protein, and lactic acid. A mathematicalmodel has been developed to describe growth rate, products (pediocin and lactic acid) formation rate, and substrates (glucose and protein) utilizationrate. Monod model for dual substrates (glucose and protein) has been used with considering lactic acid inhibition. Luedeking-Piret model has beenintroduced to describe the production of pediocin and lactic acid.Results: The values of kinetic parameters have been determined using experimental data and model equations. The model prediction has beencompared satisfactorily with the experimental data for the validation of the model.Conclusions: The developed model was satisfactorily validated to scale up the production of pediocin.Keywords: Pediococcus acidilactici, Pediocin, Meat processing waste, Monod model, Luedeking-Piret model, Kinetic parameters.

Fracture Network Characterization by Analyzing Flowback Salts: Scale-Up of Experimental Data

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashkan Zolfaghari ◽  
Yingzhe Tang ◽  
Jia He ◽  
Hassan Dehghanpour ◽  
Doug Bearinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Fracture Network ◽  
Network Characterization

Pipe-Size Scale-Up of Frictional Head Loss in Settling Slurry Flows Using Predictive Models: Experimental Validation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Matoušek ◽  
Robert Visintainer ◽  
John Furlan ◽  
Anders Sellgren
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Stratified Flow ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Small Laboratory ◽  
Size Scale ◽  
Pipe Size

Abstract Transported Newtonian settling slurries (mixtures of solid particles and carrying liquid) tend to stratify in a slurry pipeline and the degree of their stratification significantly affects the frictional head loss in a pipeline system. Solid particles can span a broad range of sizes from those typical for fine sand to those typical for coarse gravel. Different fractions of solids have different properties and form different flow patterns. The different patterns are associated with different dominating particle support mechanisms and friction mechanisms in slurry flow. Hence, there are different models describing and predicting the frictional head loss in pipe flows of different settling slurries. In the presented work, we focus on friction-loss models for heterogeneous (partially-stratified) flow (V50-model), and for fully-stratified flow (Vsm-model). The models can serve as tools to scale up information on frictional head loss in flow of specific slurry obtained experimentally in a small laboratory pipe to larger pipes of industrial sizes. So far, the reliability of the scale up has been difficult to verify as an availability of coarse particle experimental data was restricted to small laboratory pipes (an internal diameter of a pipe typically not larger than 100 mm) and data from larger pipes were extremely scarce. In 2016 and 2019, extensive experimental campaigns were conducted in the GIW Hydraulic Laboratory (Grovetown, GA, U.S.A.) testing flows of Newtonian settling slurries in pipes of 3 very different sizes (103 mm, 203 mm, and 489 mm). We exploit the experimental data to evaluate the pipe-size scale-up ability of the heterogeneous V50-model and the stratified Vsm-model. The evaluation includes an analysis of the pipe-size effect on the characteristic velocities of the models: the suspension velocity V50 and the deposition-limit velocity Vsm.

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