Does the oxidative stress theory of aging explain longevity differences in birds? II. Antioxidant systems and oxidative damage

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalene K. Montgomery ◽  
William A. Buttemer ◽  
A.J. Hulbert
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Stress Theory ◽  
Theory Of Aging

scholarly journals Multimarker Screening of Oxidative Stress in Aging

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Syslová ◽  
Adéla Böhmová ◽  
Miloš Mikoška ◽  
Marek Kuzma ◽  
Daniela Pelclová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Physiological Concentration ◽  
Stress Theory ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Theory Of Aging ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

Aging is a complex process of organism decline in physiological functions. There is no clear theory explaining this phenomenon, but the most accepted one is the oxidative stress theory of aging. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, substances, which are formed during oxidative damage of phospholipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, are present in body fluids of diseased people as well as the healthy ones (in a physiological concentration). 8-isoprostaglandin F2αis the most prominent biomarker of phospholipid oxidative damage,o-tyrosine, 3-chlorotyrosine, and 3-nitrotyrosine are biomarkers of protein oxidative damage, and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and 8-hydroxyguanosine are biomarkers of oxidative damage of nucleic acids. It is thought that the concentration of biomarkers increases as the age of people increases. However, the concentration of biomarkers in body fluids is very low and, therefore, it is necessary to use a sensitive analytical method. A combination of HPLC and MS was chosen to determine biomarker concentration in three groups of healthy people of a different age (twenty, forty, and sixty years) in order to find a difference among the groups.

scholarly journals Effects of Caloric Restriction on Cardiac Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Bioenergetics: Potential Role of Cardiac Sirtuins

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Shinmura
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Free Radical Theory ◽  
Radical Theory ◽  
Stress Theory

The biology of aging has not been fully clarified, but the free radical theory of aging is one of the strongest aging theories proposed to date. The free radical theory has been expanded to the oxidative stress theory, in which mitochondria play a central role in the development of the aging process because of their critical roles in bioenergetics, oxidant production, and regulation of cell death. A decline in cardiac mitochondrial function associated with the accumulation of oxidative damage might be responsible, at least in part, for the decline in cardiac performance with age. In contrast, lifelong caloric restriction can attenuate functional decline with age, delay the onset of morbidity, and extend lifespan in various species. The effect of caloric restriction appears to be related to a reduction in cellular damage induced by reactive oxygen species. There is increasing evidence that sirtuins play an essential role in the reduction of mitochondrial oxidative stress during caloric restriction. We speculate that cardiac sirtuins attenuate the accumulation of oxidative damage associated with age by modifying specific mitochondrial proteins posttranscriptionally. Therefore, the distinct role of each sirtuin in the heart subjected to caloric restriction should be clarified to translate sirtuin biology into clinical practice.

scholarly journals Chronic-Leptin Attenuates Cisplatin Cytotoxicity in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Nadal-Serrano ◽  
Jorge Sastre-Serra ◽  
Adamo Valle ◽  
Pilar Roca ◽  
Jordi Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Mcf 7

Background/Aims: Large-scale epidemiological studies support a correlation between obesity and breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Circulating leptin levels are increased in obese and it has been suggested to play a significant role in mammary tumor formation and progression. Moreover, regulation of oxidative stress is another important factor in both tumor development and responses to anticancer therapies. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between oxidative stress and chronic leptin exposure. Methods: We treated MCF-7 breast cancer cells with 100 ng/mL leptin for 10 days and analyzed cell growth, ROS production and oxidative damage, as well as, some of the main antioxidant systems. Furthermore, since the hyperleptinemia has been associated with a worse pathology prognosis, we decided to test the influence of leptin in response to cisplatin anticancer treatment. Results: Leptin signalling increased cell proliferation but reduced ROS production, as well as, oxidative damage. We observed an upregulation of SIRT1 after leptin exposure, a key regulator of stress response and metabolism. Additionally, leptin counteracted cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in tumor cells, showing a decrease in cell death. Conclusion: Chronic leptin could contribute to the effective regulation of endogenous and treatment-induced oxidative stress, and it contributes to explain in part its proliferative effects.

scholarly journals Salivary Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Maciejczyk ◽  
Julita Szulimowska ◽  
Anna Skutnik ◽  
Katarzyna Taranta-Janusz ◽  
Anna Wasilewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potential Biomarker

There are still missing non-invasive biomarkers of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate oxidative stress indicators in the non-stimulated (NWS) and stimulated saliva (SWS) of CKD children (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 25). Salivary antioxidants (catalase (CAT), peroxidase (Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), uric acid (UA), reduced glutathione (GSH), albumin), redox status (total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI)), and oxidative damage products (advanced glycation end products (AGE), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA)) were evaluated. We have demonstrated the significantly higher activity of SWS GPx and SOD, as well as elevated concentrations of UA and albumin in NWS and SWS of CKD children vs. the control group. TAC, TOS and OSI were significantly higher only in SWS, while oxidative damage products (AGE, AOPP and MDA) were significantly higher in both NWS and SWS of CKD children. ROC analysis showed a considerably high diagnostic value of AOPP in both NWS and SWS of CKD children compared to controls (AUC = 0.92; 0.98). CKD is responsible for disturbances in salivary antioxidant systems and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids. Salivary AOPP can be a potential biomarker of CKD in children.

scholarly journals The Role of Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Aging and Cardiovascular Diseases

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Carmine Izzo ◽  
Paolo Vitillo ◽  
Paola Di Pietro ◽  
Valeria Visco ◽  
Andrea Strianese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Stress Theory ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Theory Of Aging ◽  
Cardiovascular Aging ◽  
Primary Risk Factor ◽  
Structure And Functions

Aging can be seen as process characterized by accumulation of oxidative stress induced damage. Oxidative stress derives from different endogenous and exogenous processes, all of which ultimately lead to progressive loss in tissue and organ structure and functions. The oxidative stress theory of aging expresses itself in age-related diseases. Aging is in fact a primary risk factor for many diseases and in particular for cardiovascular diseases and its derived morbidity and mortality. Here we highlight the role of oxidative stress in age-related cardiovascular aging and diseases. We take into consideration the molecular mechanisms, the structural and functional alterations, and the diseases accompanied to the cardiovascular aging process.

scholarly journals Effect of Chronic Exposure to Prometryne on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Response in Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alžběta Stará ◽  
Antonín Kouba ◽  
Josef Velíšek
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Red Swamp Crayfish ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study was to investigate effects of the triazine herbicide prometryne on red swamp crayfish on the basis of oxidative stress, antioxidant indices in hepatopancreas and muscle, and histopathology of hepatopancreas. Crayfish were exposed to prometryne concentrations of 0.51 μg L−1, 0.144 mg L−1, and 1.144 mg L−1for 11 and 25 days. Indices of oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)), and antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR)) in crayfish muscle and hepatopancreas were measured. Chronic exposure to prometryne did not showed the impact of oxidative damage to cells. Changes activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GR were observed in all tested concentrations to prometryne for 11 and 25 days (P<0.01) as compared with the control group. We did not see any differences in histopatological examination to hepatopancreas. Prolonged exposure of prometryne did not result in oxidative damage to cell lipids and proteins, but it led to changes in antioxidant activity in crayfish tissues. Changes in antioxidant systems were also observed in the environmental prometryne concentration of 0.51 μg L−1. The results suggest that antioxidant responses may have potential as biomarkers for monitoring residual triazine herbicides in aquatic environments.

scholarly journals Is the oxidative stress theory of aging dead?

2009 ◽  
Vol 1790 (10) ◽  
pp. 1005-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana I. Pérez ◽  
Alex Bokov ◽  
Holly Van Remmen ◽  
James Mele ◽  
Qitao Ran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Theory ◽  
Theory Of Aging
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