Assessment of air quality in preschool environments (3–5 years old children) with emphasis on elemental composition of PM10 and PM2.5

2016 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 430-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Oliveira ◽  
Klara Slezakova ◽  
Cristina Delerue-Matos ◽  
Maria Carmo Pereira ◽  
Simone Morais
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Pm10 And Pm2.5

scholarly journals Analysis of Air Quality Index Distribution of PM10 and PM2.5 Concentrations in Ambient Air of Al-Hillah City, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 1058 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
Ruqayah Ali Grmasha ◽  
Shahla N. A. Al-Azzawi ◽  
Osamah J. Al-sareji ◽  
Talal Alardhi ◽  
Mawada Abdellatif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Quality Index ◽  
Pm10 And Pm2.5 ◽  
Index Distribution

scholarly journals Trends and Source Contribution Characteristics of SO2, NOX, PM10 and PM2.5 Emissions in Sichuan Province from 2013 to 2017

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Min He ◽  
Junhui Chen ◽  
Yuming He ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Qichao Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
So2 Emission ◽  
Source Contribution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Pm10 And Pm2.5 ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Pm2.5 Emissions

As one of the most populated regions in China, Sichuan province had been suffering from deteriorated air quality due to the dramatic growth of economy and vehicles in recent years. To deal with the increasingly serious air quality problem, Sichuan government agencies had made great efforts to formulate various control measures and policies during the past decade. In order to better understand the emission control progress in recent years and to guide further control policy formulation, the emission trends and source contribution characteristics of SO2, NOX, PM10 and PM2.5 from 2013 to 2017 were characterized by using emission factor approach in this study. The results indicated that SO2 emission decreased rapidly during 2013–2017 with total emission decreased by 52%. NOX emission decreased during 2013–2015 but started to increase slightly afterward. PM10 and PM2.5 emissions went down consistently during the study period, decreased by 26% and 25%, respectively. In summary, the contribution of power plants kept decreasing, while contribution of industrial combustion remained steady in the past 5 years. The contribution of industrial processes increased for SO2 emission, and decreased slightly for NOX, PM10 and PM2.5 emissions. The on-road mobile sources were the largest emission contributor for NOX, accounting for about 32–40%, and its contribution increased during 2013–2015 and then decreased. It was worth mentioning that nonroad mobile sources and natural gas fired boilers were becoming important NOX contributors in Sichuan. Fugitive dust were the key emission sources for PM10 and PM2.5, and the contribution kept increasing in the study period. Comparison results with other inventories, satellite data and ground observations indicated that emission trends developed in this research were relatively credible.

scholarly journals Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality for Sustainable Life: A Case Study of Rural and Urban Settlements in Poor Neighbourhoods in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2417
Author(s):  
Anne Wambui Mutahi ◽  
Laura Borgese ◽  
Claudio Marchesi ◽  
Michael J. Gatari ◽  
Laura E. Depero
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Outdoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

This paper reports on the indoor and outdoor air quality in informal urban and rural settlements in Kenya. The study is motivated by the need to improve consciousness and to understand the harmful health effects of air quality to vulnerable people, especially in poor communities. Ng’ando urban informal settlement and Leshau Pondo rural village in Kenya are selected as representative poor neighborhoods where unclean energy sources are used indoor for cooking, lighting and heating. Filter based sampling for gravimetrical, elemental composition and black carbon (BC) analysis of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) is performed. findings from Ng’ando and Leshau Pondo showed levels exceeding the limit suggested by the world health organization (WHO), with rare exceptions. Significantly higher levels of PM2.5 and black carbon are observed in indoors than outdoor samples, with a differences in the orders of magnitudes and up to 1000 µg/m3 for PM2.5 in rural settlements. The elemental composition reveals the presence of potentially toxic elements, in addition to characterization, emission sources were also identified. Levels of Pb exceeding the WHO limit are found in the majority of samples collected in the urban locations near major roads with heavy traffic. Our results demonstrate that most of the households live in deplorable air quality conditions for more than 12 h a day and women and children are more affected. Air quality condition is much worse in rural settlements where wood and kerosene are the only available fuels for their energy needs.

scholarly journals Impact of Diwali firework emissions on air quality of New Delhi, India during 2013-2015

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
SUNIL KUMAR PESHIN ◽  
PRIYANKA SINHA ◽  
AMIT BISHT
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Pm10 And Pm2.5

Diwali is one of the major and most important festivals celebrated all over India which falls in the period late October to early November every year. It is associated with burning of firecrackers especially during the night of Diwali day that leads to degradation of air quality that lasts for a longer duration of time. Firecrackers on burning releases huge amount of trace gases such as NOx, CO, SO2 and O3 and huge amount of aerosols and particulate matter. The present study focuses on the influence of firecrackers  emissions on surface ozone(O3) ,oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5)concentration over the capital urban metropolis of India, New Delhi during Diwali festivity period from 2013-2015. A sharp increase is observed in surface ozone, NOx and particulate matter concentration during the Diwali day as compared to control day for 2013 to 2015 which is mainly attributed to burning of firecrackers. However the average concentration levels of the  gaseous pollutants and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) on Diwali day exhibited a decline in 2015 and 2014 as compared to 2013 due to increase in  awareness campaigns among public and increased cost of firecrackers.  

scholarly journals The Impacts of Taklimakan Dust Events on Chinese Urban Air Quality in 2015

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Li ◽  
Xiaodong Liu ◽  
Zhi-Yong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Dust Storm ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Urban Air Quality ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
The Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Pm10 And Pm2.5 ◽  
Dust Events ◽  
Mass Concentrations

Aerosols are an important factor affecting air quality. As the largest source of dust aerosol of East Asia, the Taklimakan Desert in Northwest China witnesses frequent dust storm events, which bring about significant impacts on the downstream air quality. However, the scope and timing of the impacts of Taklimakan dust events on Chinese urban air quality have not yet been fully investigated. In this paper, based on multi-source dust data including ground observations, satellite monitoring, and reanalysis products, as well as air quality index (AQI) and the mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 at 367 urban stations in China for 2015, we examined the temporal and spatial characteristics of the impacts of the Taklimakan dust events on downstream urban air quality in China. The results show that the Taklimakan dust events severely affected the air quality of most cities in Northwest China including eastern Xinjiang, Hexi Corridor and Guanzhong Basin, and even northern Southwest China, leading to significant increases in mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in these cities correlating with the occurrence of dust events. The mass concentrations of PM10 on dust days increased by 11–173% compared with the non-dust days, while the mass concentration of PM2.5 increased by 21–172%. The increments of the mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 on dust days decreased as the distances increased between the cities and the Taklimakan Desert. The influence of the Taklimakan dust events on the air quality in the downstream cities usually persisted for up to four days. The mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 increased successively and the impact duration shortened gradually with increasing distances to the source area as a strong dust storm progressed toward the southeast from the Taklimakan Desert. The peaks of the PM10 concentrations in the downstream cities of eastern Xinjiang, the Hexi Corridor and the Guanzhong Basin occurred on the second, third and fourth days, respectively, after the initiation of the Taklimakan dust storm.

Two models and two emission databases – evaluation of the PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations modelled with WRF-Chem and EMEP4PL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Werner ◽  
Maciej Kryza ◽  
Justyna Dudek
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Local Database ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
Pm10 And Pm2.5

<p>Some European countries in Eastern or Central Europe, such as Poland, have serious problems with air quality. High concentrations of particulate matter (PM) in winter are often related to high coal and wood combustion for residential heating. Meteorological conditions, i.e. low air temperature and anticyclones, provide favourable conditions for the accumulation of air pollution, rendering it harmful to people.  PM concentrations during the warmer period are much lower, however there are episodes with elevated concentrations related to e.g. long-range transport of pollutants from biomass burning areas. Policy makers in Poland put a lot of effort to improve air quality as well as inform and aware people on harmful effects of air pollution. One of the relevant tools which provides information on the past, current and future state of the air pollution are chemical transport models.</p><p>In this study we aim for validation of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations from two different chemical transport models – WRF-Chem and EMEP4PL and two different emission databases – a) a regional EMEP database, and b) a local database provided by the Chief Inspectorate of Environmental Pollution. Modelled PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were compared with observations from Polish stations for the year 2018. The results show a clear seasonal variation of the models performance with the lowest correlation coefficients in summer. Higher seasonal variability is observed for WRF-Chem than EMEP, which is probably related to differences in calculations of boundary layer height. Application of local database improves the results for both models. For several months, the performance of WRF-Chem and EMEP is clearly different, which shows that an ensemble approach with an application of these two models could improve the modelling results. The differences in the model performance significantly influence the results of the population exposure assessment.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Trace Elemental Composition in PM10 and PM2.5 Collected in Cardiff, Wales

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 540-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mohammed ◽  
G. Karani ◽  
D. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Pm10 And Pm2.5 ◽  
Trace Elemental
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