Effects of air pollution on the Central and Eastern European mountain forests

2004 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bytnerowicz ◽  
Robert Musselman ◽  
Robert Szaro
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
European Mountain

Multifunctionality in European mountain forests — an optimization under changing climatic conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian H. Härtl ◽  
Ivan Barka ◽  
W. Andreas Hahn ◽  
Tomáš Hlásny ◽  
Florian Irauschek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Management Options ◽  
European Mountain ◽  
Fall Protection

Forests provide countless ecological, societal, and climatological benefits. With changing climate, maintaining certain services may lead to a decrease in the quantity or quality of other services available from that source. Accordingly, our research objective is to analyze the effects of the provision of a certain ecosystem service on the economically optimized harvest schedules and how harvest schedules will be influenced by climate change. Based on financial portfolio theory, we determined, for two case study regions in Austria and Slovakia, treatment schedules based on nonlinear programming, which integrates climate-sensitive biophysical risks and risk-averting behavior of the management. In both cases, results recommend reducing the overaged stocking volume within several decades to establish new ingrowth, leading to an overall reduction of age and related risk, as well as an increase in growth. Under climate change conditions, the admixing of hardwoods towards spruce–fir–beech (Austria) or spruce–pine–beech (Slovakia) stands should be emphasized to account for the changing risk and growth conditions. Moreover, climate change scenarios either increased (Austria) or decreased (Slovakia) the economic return slightly. In both cases, the costs for providing the ecosystem service “rock fall protection” increases under climate change. Although in the Austrian case there is no clear tendency between the management options, in the Slovakian case, a close-to-nature management option is preferred under climate change conditions. Increasing tree species richness, increasing structural diversity, replacing high-risk stands, and reducing average growing stocks are important preconditions for a successful sustainable management of European mountain forests in the long term.

Influence of air pollution on the mountain forests along the Tateyama–Kurobe Alpine route

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Kume ◽  
Satoshi Numata ◽  
Koichi Watanabe ◽  
Hideharu Honoki ◽  
Haruki Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Mountain Forests

scholarly journals Modelling Future Growth of Mountain Forests Under Changing Environments

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-262
Author(s):  
Michal Bosela ◽  
Katarína Merganičová ◽  
Chiara Torresan ◽  
Paolo Cherubini ◽  
Marek Fabrika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Models ◽  
Model Averaging ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Species Mixture ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
European Mountain ◽  
Future Growth

AbstractModels to predict the effects of different silvicultural treatments on future forest development are the best available tools to demonstrate and test possible climate-smart pathways of mountain forestry. This chapter reviews the state of the art in modelling approaches to predict the future growth of European mountain forests under changing environmental and management conditions. Growth models, both mechanistic and empirical, which are currently available to predict forest growth are reviewed. The chapter also discusses the potential of integrating the effects of genetic origin, species mixture and new silvicultural prescriptions on biomass production into the growth models. The potential of growth simulations to quantify indicators of climate-smart forestry (CSF) is evaluated as well. We conclude that available forest growth models largely differ from each other in many ways, and so they provide a large range of future growth estimates. However, the fast development of computing capacity allows and will allow a wide range of growth simulations and multi-model averaging to produce robust estimates. Still, great attention is required to evaluate the performance of the models. Remote sensing measurements will allow the use of growth models across ecological gradients.

Air pollution curbs will hurt EU automobile industry

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Member States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Green Parties ◽  
Diesel Vehicles ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Electrical Vehicles

Significance The target, deemed excessive by manufacturers, highlights the growing pressure on the automobile industry amid persisting concerns about air pollution. Impacts The fight against air pollution will strengthen electoral support for Green parties. Pollution could be exported to poorer EU member states if older diesel vehicles are sold to central and eastern European consumers. Consumer pressure for better infrastructure for electrical vehicles will increase.

Value-based ecosystem service trade-offs in multi-objective management in European mountain forests

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 245-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Langner ◽  
Florian Irauschek ◽  
Susana Perez ◽  
Marta Pardos ◽  
Tzvetan Zlatanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Service Trade ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
European Mountain ◽  
Objective Management

New international long-term ecological research on air pollution effects on the Carpathian Mountain forests, Central Europe

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bytnerowicz ◽  
Ovidiu Badea ◽  
Ion Barbu ◽  
Peter Fleischer ◽  
Witold Frączek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Pollution Effects ◽  
Carpathian Mountain ◽  
Long Term Ecological Research ◽  
Air Pollution Effects
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