Analysis of proton exchange membrane fuel cell polarization losses at elevated temperature 120°C and reduced relative humidity

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 3525-3533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
H. Russell Kunz ◽  
James M. Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A Parametric Study of Bipolar Plate Structural Parameters on the Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salar Imanmehr ◽  
Nader Pourmahmod
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Catalyst Layer ◽  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Bipolar Plates ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
The Impact

In this research, the impact of structural parameters of bipolar plates on the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell performance has been investigated using numerical method, and this model incorporates all the essential fundamental physical and electrochemical processes occurring in the membrane electrolyte, cathode catalyst layer, electrode backing, and flow channel, with some assumptions in each part. In formulation of this model, the cell is assumed to work under steady state conditions. Also, since the thickness of the cell is negligible compared to other dimensions, one-dimensional and isothermal approximations are used. The structural parameters considered in this paper are: the width of channels (Wc), the width of support (Ws), the number of gas channels (ng), the height of channels (hc), and the height of supports (hp). The results show that structural parameters of bipolar plates have a great impact on outlet voltage in high current densities. Also, the number of gas channels, their surface area, the contacting area of bipolar plates, and electrodes have a great effect on the rate of reaction and consequently on outlet voltage. The model predictions have been compared with the existing experimental results available in the literature, and excellent agreement has been demonstrated between the model results and the experimental data for the cell polarization curve.

Modeling of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) Performance by Using Genetic Algorithm-Polynomial Neural Network (GA-PNN) Hybrid System

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Mehrabi ◽  
Sajad Rezazadeh ◽  
Mohsen Sharifpur ◽  
Josua P. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cathode Side ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Polynomial Neural Network ◽  
Exchange Membrane

In the present study, a genetic algorithm-polynomial neural network (GA-PNN) was used for modeling proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance, based on some numerical results which were correlated with experimental data. Thus, the current density was modeled in respect of input (design) variables, i.e., the variation of pressure at the cathode side, voltage, membrane thickness, anode transfer coefficient, relative humidity of inlet fuel and relative humidity of inlet air. The numerical data set for the modeling was divided into train and test sections. The GA-PNN model was introduced with 80% of the numerically-validated data and the remaining data was used for testing the appropriateness of the GA-PNN model by means of two statistical criteria.

Numerical Modeling of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell With Considering Thermal and Relative Humidity Effects on the Cell Performance

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Hung Chi ◽  
Fang-Bor Weng ◽  
Ay Su ◽  
Shih-Hung Chan
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Thermal Field ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A three-dimensional (3D) model has been developed to simulate proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The model accounts simultaneously for electrochemical kinetics, current distribution, hydrodynamics, and multi-components transport. A single set of conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy, species, and electric current are developed and numerically solved using a finite-volume-based computational fluid dynamics technique (by computational fluid dynamics ACE+ commercial code). The physical model is presented for a 5cm×4.92cm×0.4479cm 3D geometry test cell with serpentine channels and counter flow. Subsequently, the model is applied to explore cell temperature effects in the cell environment with different relative humidity of inlet. The numerical model is validated and agreed well with the experimental data. The nonuniformity of thermal and water-saturation distributions is calculated and analyzed as well as its influence on the cell performance. As the cell is operated at low voltages (or high current densities), the thermal field of fuel cell tends to be nonuniform and exists locally in hot spots. The mechanism of thermal field and water content interacted with membrane dehydration and cathode water flooding will be discussed and revealed their influences on the cell performance, stability and degradation will be revealed.

scholarly journals Radiolytic Preparation of Electrocatalysts with Pt-Co and Pt-Sn Nanoparticles for a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Kyum Kim ◽  
Ji Yun Park ◽  
Soon Choel Hwang ◽  
Do Kyun Lee ◽  
Sang Heon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation ◽  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Nanosized Pt-Sn/VC and Pt-Co/VC electrocatalysts were prepared by a one-step radiation-induced reduction (30 kGy) process using distilled water as the solvent and Vulcan XC72 as the supporting material. While the Pt-Co/VC electrodes were compared with Pt/VC (40 wt%, HiSpec 4000), in terms of their electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of H2, the Pt-Co/VC electrodes were evaluated in terms of their activity towards the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and compared with Pt/VC (40 wt%, HiSpec 4000), Pt-Co/VC, and Pt-Sn/VC in a single cell. Additionally, the prepared electrocatalyst samples (Pt-Co/VC and Pt-Sn/VC) were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electrochemical surface area (ECSA), and fuel cell polarization performance.

Carbon Nanotube Free-Standing Film of Pt/MWNTs as a Bifunctional Component in Hydrogen Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M. Tang ◽  
Kurt Jensen ◽  
Paul Larsen ◽  
Wenzhen Li ◽  
Mikhail E. Itkis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Catalyst Layer ◽  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Peak Performance ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Exchange Membrane

AbstractConventional fuel cell architecture on one side of the membrane electrode assembly consists of a carbon backing layer, hydrophobic microporous layer (MPL), and a catalyst layer, which is in contact with the solid proton exchange membrane. Pt nanoparticles are deposited onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Pt/MWNTs) and a free-standing film of Pt/MWNTs is fabricated to act as the MPL and the catalyst layer in hydrogen fuel cells. The free-standing film of Pt/MWNTs condenses two functions into one bifunctional layer that simplifies the fuel cell fabrication procedure. Fuel cell polarization performance improves when using the free-standing film of Pt/MWNTs without the MPL resulting in a higher peak performance of 1.2 W/cm2 in comparison with 1.0 W/cm2 when in the presence of a MPL.

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