Application of gravity electrode to the analysis of iron-pitting corrosion under vertical gravity field

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (22) ◽  
pp. 4477-4486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Sato ◽  
Yoshinobu Oshikiri ◽  
Akifumi Yamada ◽  
Ryoichi Aogaki
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Field ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Vertical Gravity ◽  
Iron Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Gravity Electrode

scholarly journals Megathrust Slip Behavior for Great Earthquakes Along the Sumatra-Andaman Subduction Zone Mapped From Satellite GOCE Gravity Field Derivatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlando Álvarez ◽  
Stefanie Pechuan Canet ◽  
Mario Gimenez ◽  
Andrés Folguera
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Field ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Historical Earthquakes ◽  
Gravity Gradient ◽  
Megathrust Earthquakes ◽  
Vertical Gravity Gradient ◽  
Interseismic Coupling ◽  
Vertical Gravity ◽  
Gravity Signal

During the last two decades, space geodesy allowed mapping accurately rupture areas, slip distribution, and seismic coupling by obtaining refined inversion models and greatly improving the study of great megathrust earthquakes. A better understanding of these phenomena involving large areas of hundreds of square kilometers came from the last gravity satellite mission that allowed detecting mass transfer through the Earth interior. In this work, we performed direct modeling of satellite GOCE (Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer) derived gravity gradients up to degree/order N = 200 of the harmonic expansion and then corrected this by the effect of topography. Cutting off the model up to this degree/order allows inferring mass heterogeneities located at an approximate depth of 31 km, just along the plate interface where most (but not all) significant slip occurs. Then, we compared the vertical gravity gradient to well-constrained coseismic slip models for three of the last major earthquakes along the Sunda interface. We analyzed seismic rupture behavior for recent and for historical earthquakes along this subduction margin and the relationship of the degree of interseismic coupling using the gravity signal. From this, we found that strong slip patches occurred along minima gravity gradient lobes and that the maximum vertical displacements were related quantitatively to the gravity-derived signal. The degree of interseismic coupling also presents a good correspondence to the vertical gravity gradient, showing an inverse relationship, with low degrees of coupling over regions of relatively higher density. This along-strike segmentation of the gravity signal agrees with the along-strike seismic segmentation observed from recent and historical earthquakes. The thermally controlled down-dip ending of the locked fault zone along central Sumatra also presented an inverse relationship with the density structure along the forearc inferred using our modeling. From this work, we inferred different mass heterogeneities related to persistent tectonic features along the megathrust and along the marine forearc, which may control strain accumulation and release along the megathrust. Combining these data with geodetical and seismological data could possibly delimit and monitor areas with a higher potential seismic hazard around the world.

Morphological Change in Multi-layered 2D-dendritic Growth of Silver-substitution Plating under Vertical Gravity Field

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto SATO ◽  
Yoshinobu OSHIKIRI ◽  
Akifumi YAMADA ◽  
Ryoichi AOGAKI
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Field ◽  
Morphological Change ◽  
Dendritic Growth ◽  
Vertical Gravity

scholarly journals Buoyancy Effect of Ionic Vacancy on the Change of the Partial Molar Volume in Ferricyanide-Ferrocyanide Redox Reaction under a Vertical Gravity Field

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinobu Oshikiri ◽  
Makoto Miura ◽  
Ryoichi Aogaki
Keyword(s):  
Molar Volume ◽  
Gravity Field ◽  
Partial Molar Volume ◽  
Redox Reaction ◽  
Buoyancy Force ◽  
Buoyancy Effect ◽  
Collision Efficiency ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
Vertical Gravity ◽  
Negative Buoyancy

With a gravity electrode (GE) in a vertical gravity field, the buoyancy effect of ionic vacancy on the change of the partial molar volume in the redox reaction between ferricyanide (FERRI) and ferrocyanide (FERRO) ions was examined. The buoyancy force of ionic vacancy takes a positive or negative value, depending on whether the rate-determining step is the production or extinction of the vacancy. Though the upward convection over an upward electrode in the FERRO ion oxidation suggests the contribution of the positive buoyancy force arising from the vacancy production, the partial molar volume of the vacancy was not measured. On the other hand, for the downward convection under a downward electrode in the FERRI ion reduction, it was not completely but partly measured by the contribution of the negative buoyancy force from the vacancy extinction. Since the lifetime of the vacancy is decreased by the collision between ionic vacancies during the convection, the former result was ascribed to the shortened lifetime due to the increasing collision efficiency in the enhanced upward convection over an upward electrode, whereas the latter was thought to arise from the elongated lifetime due to the decreasing collision efficiency by the stagnation under the downward electrode.

Structure and corrosion resistance of nickel foils deposited in a vertical gravity field

2010 ◽  
Vol 256 (22) ◽  
pp. 6634-6640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Liu ◽  
Zhancheng Guo ◽  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Mingyong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Gravity Field ◽  
Vertical Gravity
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