scholarly journals What Practical Factors Guide the Choice of Stent and Protection Device during Carotid Angioplasty?

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bosiers ◽  
K. Deloose ◽  
J. Verbist ◽  
P. Peeters
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Angioplasty ◽  
Protection Device ◽  
Practical Factors

In Vitro Comparison of Four Cerebral Protection Filters for Preventing Human Plaque Embolization during Carotid Interventions

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 793-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Müller-Hülsbeck ◽  
Thomas Jahnke ◽  
Carsten Liess ◽  
Christoph Glass ◽  
Friedrich Paulsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
Cerebral Protection ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Carotid Angioplasty ◽  
Protection Device ◽  
Fluid Medium ◽  
Vitro Model

Purpose: To evaluate in an in vitro bench-top model the efficacy of 4 filtration devices designed for cerebral protection during carotid angioplasty. Methods: Embolization during carotid angioplasty was simulated with human plaque material (8 to 12 particles weighing 6.02 ± 0.10 mg) in an open flow model with the aortic arch and carotid bifurcation made from elastic silicone tubes and saline used as the fluid medium. The 500 to 1500-µm particles were injected into the internal carotid artery (ICA) in front of the test protection device, which was deployed 5 cm distal to the bifurcation. Particles getting past the protection device or flowing into the external carotid artery (ECA) were caught in 100-µm filters and weighed. Ten trials were made on each of 4 devices: Angioguard, FilterWire EX, TRAP, and NeuroShield. All were deployed according to the manufacturers' directions except the FilterWire, which was manually repositioned in all tests to eliminate a gap between the filter and the tube wall. Results: The lowest weight of missed particles in the effluent was obtained with the NeuroShield (0.05 ± 0.04 mg, 0.8% of injected particle weight) and FilterWire (0.08 ± 0.05 mg, 1.3%; p=0.254 compared to NeuroShield, p=0.006 versus TRAP). The weight of particles missed by the TRAP device (0.16 ± 0.06 mg, 2.6%; p<0.001 versus NeuroShield and Angioguard, p<0.05 compared to Filter Wire) was higher, and the largest amount of missed particles was observed with the Angioguard filter (0.27 ± 0.06 mg, 4.4%; p<0.001 compared to all). NeuroShield and FilterWire were significantly different (p<0.001) compared to Angioguard and TRAP in a pairwise analysis. No embolization into the ECA occurred. Conclusions: In vitro, none of the tested devices had the ability to completely prevent embolization into the ICA. Comparing current designs, the NeuroShield filter and the FilterWire EX captured the highest percentage of human particles in this in vitro model, probably due to their larger filter volume.

Complication with an embolic protection device during carotid angioplasty

2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Cardaioli ◽  
Massimo Giordan ◽  
Marco Panfili ◽  
Raffaello Chioin
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Angioplasty ◽  
Protection Device ◽  
Embolic Protection Device ◽  
Embolic Protection

European Carotid Angioplasty Trial

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arulmaran Sivaguru ◽  
Graham S. Venables ◽  
Jonathan D. Beard ◽  
Peter A. Gaines
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Angioplasty

Local Anesthesia in Carotid Angioplasty

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Alessandri ◽  
Patrice Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Carotid Angioplasty

Fundamental Considerations for CDM Failure in 90nm Products

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Wakai ◽  
Yuji Kobira ◽  
Hidemitsu Egawa ◽  
Masayoshi Tsutsumi
Keyword(s):  
Breakdown Voltage ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Gate Oxide ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Protection Device ◽  
Oxide Breakdown ◽  
Technology Products ◽  
Charged Device ◽  
Device Size ◽  
Fundamental Consideration

Abstract Fundamental consideration for CDM (Charged Device Model) breakdown was investigated with 90nm technology products and others. According to the result of failure analysis, it was found that gate oxide breakdown was critical failure mode for CDM test. High speed triggered protection device such as ggNMOS and SCR (Thyristor) is effective method to improve its CDM breakdown voltage and an improvement for evaluated products were confirmed. Technological progress which is consisted of down-scaling of protection device size and huge number of IC pins of high function package makes technology vulnerable and causes significant CDM stress. Therefore, it is expected that CDM protection designing tends to become quite difficult. In order to solve these problems in the product, fundamental evaluations were performed. Those are a measurement of discharge parameter and stress time dependence of CDM breakdown voltage. Peak intensity and rise time of discharge current as critical parameters are well correlated their package capacitance. Increasing stress time causes breakdown voltage decreasing. This mechanism is similar to that of TDDB for gate oxide breakdown. Results from experiences and considerations for future CDM reliable designing are explained in this report.

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