Habitat traits and patterns of abundance of the purple sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816), at multiple scales along the north Portuguese coast

2015 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rula Domínguez ◽  
Jorge Domínguez Godino ◽  
Cristiano Freitas ◽  
Inês Machado ◽  
Iacopo Bertocci
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Portuguese Coast ◽  
Purple Sea Urchin ◽  
The North

Annual assessment of the sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) humoral innate immune status: Tales from the north Portuguese coast

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 128-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fernández-Boo ◽  
M.H. Pedrosa-Oliveira ◽  
A. Afonso ◽  
F. Arenas ◽  
F. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Portuguese Coast ◽  
The North

scholarly journals Diverse Transformers (Trf) Protein Family in the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus Act through Collaboration between Cellular and Humoral Immune Effector Arms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Yakovenko ◽  
Asaf Donnyo ◽  
Or Ioscovich ◽  
Benyamin Rosental ◽  
Matan Oren
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Protein Family ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Immune Effector ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Purple Sea Urchin ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Extended Families

Sea urchins are long-living invertebrates with a complex immune system which includes extended families of immune receptors. A central immune gene family in the sea urchins encodes for the Transformer (Trf) proteins. The Trf family was so far studied mainly in the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. In this study, we explored this protein family in the Mediterranean Sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. The PlTrf genes and predicted proteins were found to be highly diverse and showed a typical Trf size range and structure. We found that P. lividus coelomocytes and hemolymph contain different PlTrf protein repertoires with a shared subset which specifically bind E. coli bacteria. Using FACS, we identified five different P. lividus coelomocyte sub-populations with cell surface Trf protein expression. The relative abundance of the Trf-positive cells sharply increased following immune challenge with E. coli bacteria, but not following challenge with LPS or sea urchin pathogen V. penaeicida. Finally, we demonstrated that the phagocytosis of E. coli bacteria by P. lividus phagocytes is mediated through the hemolymph and is inhibited by blocking Trf activity with anti-Trf antibodies. Together, our results suggest collaboration between cellular and humoral Trf-mediated effector arms in the P. lividus specific immune response to pathogens.

Multiple effects of harvesting on populations of the purple sea urchin paracentrotus lividus in north Portugal

2014 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iacopo Bertocci ◽  
R. Dominguez ◽  
I. Machado ◽  
C. Freitas ◽  
J. Domínguez Godino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Purple Sea Urchin

Formulation of a new sustainable feed from food industry discards for rearing the purple sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1046-1057
Author(s):  
Laura Ciriminna ◽  
Geraldina Signa ◽  
Antonino Maurizio Vaccaro ◽  
Concetta Maria Messina ◽  
Antonio Mazzola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Purple Sea Urchin

Quantifying daily migration in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne C. Crook ◽  
Maria Long ◽  
David K.A. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Circadian Pattern ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Purple Sea Urchin ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Shallow Subtidal ◽  
Lough Hyne

In Ireland the purple sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Echinoidea) typically inhabits intertidal bored holes. At Lough Hyne, Co. Cork, a population occurs associated with rock scree in the shallow subtidal zone. This study provides unequivocal quantitative evidence to demonstrate diurnal migration in a population of P. lividus at Lough Hyne, Ireland. Most size groups/age-classes did not to migrate, the youngest always and oldest never occurring under rocks. Those that did migrate between the lower and upper surface of rocks (2+, 3+ and 4+ age categories) did so in exactly the reverse circadian pattern to those described from the Mediterranean Sea.

The ecological impact of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck) in Lough Ine, Ireland

1983 ◽  
Vol 300 (1101) ◽  
pp. 513-552 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Diurnal Fluctuation ◽  
Tide Pool ◽  
Crustose Coralline Algae ◽  
The South ◽  
South Basin ◽  
The North

An ecological account is given of the rocky shallow sublittoral of Lough Ine, County Cork, Republic of Ireland, from low water level to about 1 m below this level. With increasing distance from the Rapids mouth a forest of laminarian algae gives way to low algal bush, and still further into the lough the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus destroys all soft upstanding algae. Much of the grazed area becomes overgrown by crustose coralline algae. Patches of the green algae Codium fragile ssp. tomentosoides and Enteromorpha clathrata fringe the Paracentrotus graze patches. An account is given of the effects of Paracentrotus on the shallow sublittoral community. Algae in the ungrazed areas accommodate large numbers of individuals and many species of invertebrates, especially amphipods, small gastropods and small polychaetes. In grazing, Paracentrotus destroys this population and its habitat. However, the removal of these algae, and of the sediment that they trap, provides a new habitat, suitable for plant and animal species that can resist Paracentrotus . Crustose coralline algae cover much of the rock, and are burrowed into or enclose the tubes of a characteristic and entirely different polychaete fauna. On the surface of the rocks are found saddle oysters ( Anomia ephippium ), limpets ( Patella aspera ) and other hard- shelled animal species. The relations between Codium and Paracentrotus have been investigated by transfer experiments in the ‘field’ and by observations with an aquarium tank. Paracentrotus readily eats Codium , especially when the urchins are at a high population density; but Codium benefits from the clearance of other algae, and is a quick recolonist, so that on balance it benefits from the presence of the urchin. Paracentrotus feeds mainly by day, and on a steep shore some wander up into the littoral region as the tide rises and destroy Fucus serratus . This accounts for the almost complete absence of F. serratus from the North Basin. Paracentrotus does not move upwards by night. The hard-shelled animal species Anomia, Patella, Chlamys varia , adult Gibbula cineraria and Pomatoceros , found plentifully on graze patches in the North Basin, diminish in abundance southwards even within grazed areas, while the numbers of the starfish Marthasterias glacialis under the rocks increase. Experiments show that Marthasterias readily eats Anomia . These Marthasterias are quite small. As they grow bigger they move away onto muddy areas and extend their diet to include large buried lamellibranchs. Small Paracentrotus are usually found in larger numbers underneath boulders than above, while larger ones tend to come up by day onto the tops, where they form graze patches. From a study of growth lines in the interambulacral plates and from growth in cages we conclude that a horizontal diameter of 30-40 mm (with considerable variation) is reached in 3-4 years from settlement. The peak in numbers of Paracentrotus visible in the South Basin in 1979 might perhaps be ascribed to a good settlement in the warm summers of 1975 and 1976. Temperature of the shallow marginal water of the lough is subject to diurnal fluctuation, as in a tide pool, and can reach high levels in summer. This might favour Paracentrotus . However, numbers of Paracentrotus are probably severely reduced by predators in the South Basin. Crabs have already been implicated. It is possible that the small or half grown Marthasterias under shallow sublittoral rocks might destroy newly settled Paracentrotus , although this still has to be demonstrated.

Sperm exposure to carbon-based nanomaterials causes abnormalities in early development of purple sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 158-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Mesarič ◽  
Kristina Sepčić ◽  
Damjana Drobne ◽  
Darko Makovec ◽  
Marco Faimali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Purple Sea Urchin ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials ◽  
Carbon Based

A first approach to stock assessment of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) in Cantabria (Bay of Biscay)

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xabier Guinda ◽  
Gorka Bidegain ◽  
Araceli Puente ◽  
José Antonio Juanes
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Bay Of Biscay ◽  
Sustainable Harvesting ◽  
Purple Sea Urchin ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Depth Ranges

The purple sea urchin P. lividus is a marine resource greatly valued for its highly nutritious roe. The objective of this work is to analyse the spatial distribution pattern and population structure of this species in the region of Cantabria (Bay of Biscay) in order to identify the most appropriate zones for sustainable harvesting and for the establishment of adequate management strategies. Two depth ranges were studied (<5 and 5–10 m) in five coastal areas. The available stock of commercial individuals (size >55 mm) was estimated based on the density of individuals and biometric parameters. Significant differences were found among areas but not among depth ranges. Three areas showed low densities with large individuals, whereas two areas showed high densities with small individuals. Despite the average smaller size of the individuals, these high-density areas accumulated 76% of the commercial stock, making these the most suitable zones for the sustainable harvesting of P. lividus in the region. The high variability of the observed density values resulted in elevated uncertainty in the estimation of stocks. However, the high sea urchin densities together with the high percentages of commercial individuals suggest that the resource is currently underexploited. Further studies should be carried out, and precautionary measures should be adopted before opening the fishery. The suitability of many of these measures is discussed in the present work, as a necessary step in the management of the P. lividus fishery in Cantabria.

Comparative study of the covering reaction of the purple sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus, under laboratory and field conditions

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1117-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne C. Crook ◽  
Emma Verling ◽  
David K.A. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Population Differences ◽  
Purple Sea Urchin ◽  
Covering Material

Abiotic and biotic aspects of the covering behaviour of the purple sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) were systematically examined in situ and in the laboratory to analyse potential intra-population differences in the nature of this behaviour. In the field, significant differences in the occurrence of covering behaviour were found between age groups. Smaller P. lividus covered at higher frequencies than larger individuals. Higher proportions of individuals were also observed to cover during afternoon sampling periods. Significant differences in the types of covering material used were found between P. lividus observed in the laboratory and in the field. These findings suggest that the benefits and/or opportunities of covering behaviour may change with size and habitat.

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