Threshold cointegration and nonlinear adjustment between goods and services inflation in the United States

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Esteve ◽  
Salvador Gil-Pareja ◽  
José Antonio Martínez-Serrano ◽  
Rafael Llorca-Vivero
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Threshold Cointegration ◽  
Nonlinear Adjustment ◽  
Goods And Services

scholarly journals Relating Mandates in the United States for Managing the Ocean to Ecosystem Goods and Services Demonstrates Broad but Varied Coverage

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christy M. Foran ◽  
Jason S. Link ◽  
Wesley S. Patrick ◽  
Leah Sharpe ◽  
Matthew D. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ecosystem Goods And Services ◽  
Goods And Services

Relationship Between Second Life and the U.S. Economy

2010 ◽  
pp. 82-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemarie Reynolds ◽  
Yusuke Ishikawa ◽  
Amanda Macchiarella
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
The United States ◽  
Financial Data ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

Second Life is a virtual world designed to be a free, laissez-faire market economy in which Linden Dollars are used to buy and sell goods and services. This study investigated the relationship between the economies of Second Life and the United States, using financial data collected from Linden Lab and the Federal Reserve. Partial correlation analyses were computed between two pairs of economic measures, and our results indicated that there was a significant relationship between the two economies.

What Is Stimulus without Debt?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Seidman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Government Debt ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Congress ◽  
Fiscal Stimulus ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Stimulus Package

Stimulus without debt is a policy that would increase aggregate demand for goods and services in a recession without increasing government debt. Stimulus without debt consists of a transfer (not loan) from the central bank to the national treasury (or to national treasuries in the case of the eurozone) so that the treasury does not have to borrow to finance fiscal stimulus enacted by the legislature. In the United States, Congress would enact a fiscal stimulus package that consists mainly of cash tax rebates to households but also other temporary expenditures and temporary tax cuts; the fiscal stimulus would raise aggregate demand. The Federal Reserve would use new money to give a large transfer (not loan) to the Treasury equal to the fiscal stimulus package so that the Treasury does not have to borrow to pay for the package. Hence, there would be no increase in government debt.

scholarly journals International Monetary Fund

1962 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-631 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
World Trade ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Private Goods ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Sharp Growth ◽  
High Level

The sixteenth annual report of the Executive Directors of the International Monetary Fund for the fiscal year ending April 30, 1961, was transmitted to the Chairman of the Board of Governors on June 23, 1961, by Mr. Per Jacobsson, Chairman of the Executive Board. The report stated that in contrast to the year 1959, when virtually all countries had participated in world-wide expansion, the year 1960 and early part of 1961 had presented a less unified picture. For the world as a whole, the expansionary elements had considerably outweighed the contractionary elements. World industrial production, excluding the countries of the Soviet area, had been almost 6 percent greater in 1960 than in 1959, having grown by 10 percent; and the value of world trade had increased by 12 percent, compared with 6 percent in 1959. The stimulus for the rise in world trade had come predominantly from the booming European industrial countries and from Japan, which had increased their imports by nearly 20 percent; there had been a slight decline in imports from the United States and Canada. The imports of the less-industrialized countries had also increased considerably, by some 10 percent. Trade developments during 1960 had improved the basic international payments situation in some respects. Rising exports and slightly declining imports caused an increase in the surplus of private goods and services account in the United States. West Germany's surplus also increased, while France's remained stationary; decreases had been noted in several other industrial countries, in particular Japan and Italy, where the rate of economic expansion had been exceptionally high, and in the United Kingdom, mainly due to the sharp growth of imports associated with their high level of economic activity.

scholarly journals Civil Procedure of Trademark Enforcement in Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis with Malaysia and USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Sohaib Mukhtar ◽  
Zinatul Ashiqin Zainol ◽  
Sufian Jusoh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
The United States ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
District Court ◽  
Registered Trademark ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Civil Suit ◽  
Prompt Action

<em>Civil procedure of trademark enforcement runs in Pakistan under Trade Marks Ordinance 2001, Code of Civil Procedure 1908 and Specific Relief Act 1877. Trademark is one of the components of Intellectual Property Law, it is a mark, name, sign, smell or a sound which distinguishes goods and services of one undertaking from goods and services of other undertakings. It is required to be distinctiveness and non-descriptive, it losses its distinctiveness when owner of registered trademark does not take prompt action against its infringement. The registered trademark owner may file civil suit against infringement of his registered trademark before the concerned District Court of Law for claiming damages and obtaining injunctions. The Trademark Registry works under Intellectual Property Organization of Pakistan (IPO-Pakistan) for registration and protection of trademarks in Pakistan. Similarly, Intellectual Property Corporation of Malaysia (MyIPO) is empowered agency of trademark registration and its protection in Malaysia. The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is responsible for registration and protection of trademarks in United States of America (USA). Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement) is the only International Treaty which contains exhaustive provisions on trademark enforcement includes civil procedure, administrative procedure, criminal procedure, provisional and border measures. Important civil procedure of trademark enforcement issues need to be clarified in trademark law of Pakistan includes trademark infringement, trademark dilution and rectification of trademark register. This article is comparative analysis of civil procedure of trademark enforcement in Pakistan, Malaysia and USA.</em>

scholarly journals The US Role in the World Manufacturing and Trade as a Global Issue

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
V. G. VARNAVSKIY
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Instrument Making ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa

The article considers the USA role and place in the global  manufacturing and trade. Key aspects of the world economy  transformation in the context of globalization, internationalization  and liberalization are studied. As shows, USA and China are the two  largest economies in the world. United States is the world’s largest  economy by nominal GDP and second largest by purchasing power  parity (PPP). It holds a 15.4 percent share of global GDP in PPP  (2016). China is the world’s largest economy by PPP, accounting for  17.8 percent of global GDP. The USA share of world GDP declined by  a total of 3.8 percentage points between 2006 and 2016. At the  same time, the United States possesses great economic strength. It  is also the world leader in innovation. China’s success has mostly  been in lowerend innovation. This country has been less successful in  higher-end innovation, where USA currently maintain a lead. The  United States holds a leading position in aerospace, instrument  making, cloud computing, ICT, robotics-related technologies, nanomaterials, biopharmaceutical and other high-tech  industries and China significantly lags behind. Special attention is paid to the U.S. foreign trade. It is shown that the USA is one of  the world’s largest importer and exporter of goods and services. It  accounts for 10.5 percent of global goods and services exports in  2016 (second place after China) and 13.3 percent of global imports  (first place). Despite the world’s second place after China in some economic indexes such as gross domestic product (at PPP),   size of manufacturingand merchandise trade, USA ranks first in the  world in terms of quality indicators of economic development. It  remains the most powerful economy in the world. The author’s  conclusion is that, the loss of US world leadership in terms of output  indicators has not yet become a global problem for other countries  and world economy in the whole.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LEGISLATION OF THE USA AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON CIVIL LIABILITY FOR DAMAGE CAUSED BY GOODS WITH INCREASED HAZARDOUS PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
S.M. Salikhova ◽  
◽  
A.M. Shakhaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Civil Liability ◽  
The United States ◽  
Important Place ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Usa ◽  
American Legal System ◽  
Definition Of

The relevance of the consideration of the problem of civil liability for harm caused by goods with increased hazardous properties is determined by the fact that such cases occupy an increasingly important place in judicial practice. This shows that not only the legal awareness of citizens is growing, but the very definition of “goods with increased dangerous properties” does not have all the principles of specificity. In this regard, one can turn to the experience of other countries, especially those where consumer protection has proven effective. The United States is one of such countries, where not only the culture of consumption is high, but also the legal culture. This combination allows the American legal system to respond to citizens ’appeals in a timely manner and resolve issues with an objective review of cases where liability for damage caused by goods with increased dangerous properties is considered. In the United States, the definition of civil liability for manufacturers and sellers of goods and services is governed by federal and state laws. Moreover, it is the laws of the states in most cases that govern the most important aspects related to determining the shortage of goods, services and work. It should be noted the importance of the precedent in the US legal system, which also determines many cases for determining civil liability for harm caused by some properties of goods. To compare the fundamentals of the legislation of the two countries in the studied area, the comparative legal research method was applied, which allows us to highlight general and excellent legislative norms. Based on the results of the comparison, it was concluded that the similarities and differences between the American and Russian legislation in terms of civil-steam liability for damage caused by goods with dangerous properties.

scholarly journals Spiritual Districts: The Origins and Dynamics of US Cities with Unusually High Concentrations of Parachurch Organizations

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Scheitle ◽  
Erica J. Dollhopf ◽  
John D. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industrial Districts ◽  
Organizational Leaders ◽  
Colorado Springs ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Public Charities ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Us Cities ◽  
Evangelical Protestant

Parachurch organizations are Christian, heavily evangelical Protestant, 501(c)(3) public charities focused on providing religious goods and services outside of any congregational or denominational sponsorship. The parachurch sector in the United States has been growing rapidly in recent decades, yet this growth has been highly uneven across communities. Many communities have very few parachurch organizations, while a few exhibit incredibly higher concentrations of them than would be expected based only upon their religious composition. Using IRS records, we isolate communities with the greatest concentrations of parachurch organizations, and then, drawing upon ideas developed in studies of industrial districts, we address this puzzle by exploring four of those communities, which we refer to as spiritual districts: Tulsa, Oklahoma; Nashville, Tennessee; Colorado Springs, Colorado; and Washington, D.C. We utilize interviews with organizational leaders and archival records to attempt to account for the makeup of and dynamics of each of the four unique clusters of parachurch organizations, concluding with a discussion of how understanding spiritual districts can contribute to greater understanding of the phenomenon of industrial districts.

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