Effects of temperature and surface water availability on spatiotemporal dynamics of stream salamanders using pattern-oriented modelling

2015 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Girard ◽  
Lael Parrott ◽  
Charles-André Caron ◽  
David M. Green
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Surface water availability, Pickens County, Alabama

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin E. Davis ◽  
Alfred L. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Availability

scholarly journals Water Quality Threats, Perceptions of Climate Change and Behavioral Responses among Farmers in the Ethiopian Rift Valley

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Tewodros R. Godebo ◽  
Marc A. Jeuland ◽  
Christopher J. Paul ◽  
Dagnachew L. Belachew ◽  
Peter G. McCornick
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Ethiopian Rift ◽  
Adaptation Mechanism ◽  
Main Ethiopian Rift

This work aims to assess water quality for irrigated agriculture, alongside perceptions and adaptations of farmers to climate change in the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER). Climate change is expected to cause a rise in temperature and variability in rainfall in the region, reducing surface water availability and raising dependence on groundwater. The study data come from surveys with 147 farmers living in the Ziway–Shala basin and water quality assessments of 162 samples from groundwater wells and surface water. Most groundwater samples were found to be unsuitable for long term agricultural use due to their high salinity and sodium adsorption ratio, which has implications for soil permeability, as well as elevated bicarbonate, boron and residual sodium carbonate concentrations. The survey data indicate that water sufficiency is a major concern for farmers that leads to frequent crop failures, especially due to erratic and insufficient rainfall. An important adaptation mechanism for farmers is the use of improved crop varieties, but major barriers to adaptation include a lack of access to irrigation water, credit or savings, appropriate seeds, and knowledge or information on weather and climate conditions. Local (development) agents are identified as vital to enhancing farmers’ knowledge of risks and solutions, and extension programs must therefore continue to promote resilience and adaptation in the area. Unfortunately, much of the MER groundwater that could be used to cope with declining viability of rainfed agriculture and surface water availability, is poor in quality. The use of saline groundwater could jeopardize the agricultural sector, and most notably commercial horticulture and floriculture activities. This study highlights the complex nexus of water quality and sufficiency challenges facing the agriculture sector in the region, and should help decision-makers to design feasible strategies for enhancing adaptation and food security.

Impact of climate change on surface water availability and crop water demand for the sub-watershed of Abbay Basin, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1859-1875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemu Ademe Bekele ◽  
Santosh Murlidhar Pingale ◽  
Samuel Dagalo Hatiye ◽  
Alemayehu Kasaye Tilahun
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Crop Water Demand

scholarly journals Effect of Agricultural and Urban Infrastructure on River Basin Delineation and Surface Water Availability: Case of the Culiacan River Basin

Hydrology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Sergio A. Rentería-Guevara ◽  
Jesús G. Rangel-Peraza ◽  
Abraham E. Rodríguez-Mata ◽  
Leonel E. Amábilis-Sosa ◽  
Antonio J. Sanhouse-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Field Verification ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Basin Delineation

River basin delineation can be inappropriate to determine surface water availability in a country, even if it is established by its water authority. This is because the effect of agricultural and urban infrastructure in runoff direction is ignored, and the anthropogenic changes in hydrography and topography features distort the runoff. This situation is really important because water rights are granted based on volumes that are not physically accessible. The existence of this problem is demonstrated through a case of study: the Culiacan River Basin in Mexico. To overcome such a situation, this study poses criteria to revise official river basin configurations and to delineate new river basins based on digital elevation models, vector files of agricultural infrastructure, and extensive field verification. Significant differences were noticed in surface water availability calculated under distinct river basin delineations.

Effects of temperature and water availability on light energy utilization in photosynthetic processes ofDeschampsia antarctica

2018 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L. Sáez ◽  
Betsy K. Rivera ◽  
Constanza F. Ramírez ◽  
Valentina Vallejos ◽  
Lohengrin A. Cavieres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Light Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

scholarly journals Hydroclimatic regimes: a distributed water-balance framework for hydrologic assessment and classification

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 2933-2965 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Weiskel ◽  
D. M. Wolock ◽  
P. J. Zarriello ◽  
R. M. Vogel ◽  
S. B. Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Terrestrial Water

Abstract. Runoff-based indicators of terrestrial water availability are appropriate for humid regions, but have tended to limit our basic hydrologic understanding of drylands – the dry-sub-humid, semi-arid, and arid regions which presently cover nearly half of the global land surface. In response, we introduce an indicator framework that gives equal weight to humid and dryland regions, accounting fully for both vertical (precipitation + evapotranspiration) and horizontal (groundwater + surface-water) components of the hydrologic cycle in any given location – as well as fluxes into and out of landscape storage. We apply the framework to a diverse hydroclimatic region (the conterminous USA), using a distributed water-balance model consisting of 53 400 networked landscape hydrologic units. Our model simulations indicate that about 21% of the conterminous USA either generated no runoff or consumed runoff from upgradient sources on a mean-annual basis during the 20th century. Vertical fluxes exceeded horizontal fluxes across 76% of the conterminous area. Long-term average total water availability (TWA) during the 20th century, defined here as the total influx to a landscape hydrologic unit from precipitation, groundwater, and surface water, varied spatially by about 400 000-fold, a range of variation ~100 times larger than that for mean-annual runoff across the same area. The framework includes, but is not limited to classical, runoff-based approaches to water-resource assessment. It also incorporates and re-interprets the green-blue water perspective now gaining international acceptance. Implications of the new framework for hydrologic assessment and classification are explored.

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