Variable-dimensional vector modulation for perceptual-based DWT blind audio watermarking with adjustable payload capacity

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwai-Tsu Hu ◽  
Ling-Yuan Hsu ◽  
Hsien-Hsin Chou
Keyword(s):  
Audio Watermarking ◽  
Dimensional Vector ◽  
Blind Audio Watermarking ◽  
Payload Capacity ◽  
Vector Modulation

scholarly journals A Multi-Level Robust and Perceptually Transparent Blind Audio Watermarking Scheme Using Wavelets

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farooq Husain ◽  
Omar Farooq ◽  
Ekram Khan
Keyword(s):  
Audio Watermarking ◽  
Digital Audio ◽  
Audio Signals ◽  
Blind Audio Watermarking ◽  
Single Level ◽  
Digital Audio Watermarking ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Payload Capacity ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

Abstract In this paper, a robust and perceptually transparent single-level and multi-level blind audio watermarking scheme using wavelets is proposed. A randomly generated binary sequence is used as a watermark, and wavelet function coding is used to embed the watermark sequence in audio signals. Multi-level watermarking is used to enhance payload capacity and can be used for a different level of security. The robustness of the scheme is evaluated by applying different attacks such as filtering, sampling rate alteration, compression, noise addition, amplitude scaling, and cropping. The simulation results obtained show that the proposed watermarking scheme is resilient to various attacks except cropping. Perceptual transparency of watermark is measured by using Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality (PEAQ) basic model of ITU-R (PEAQ ITU-R BS.1387) on Speech Quality Assessing Material (SQAM) given by European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Average Objective Difference Grade (ODG) measured for this method is -0.067 and -0.080 for single-level and multi-level watermarked audio signals, respectively. In the proposed single-level digital audio watermarking scheme, the payload capacity is increased by 19.05% as compared to the single-level Chirp-Based Digital Audio Watermarking (CB-DAWM) scheme.

scholarly journals Robust and Blind Audio Watermarking Scheme Based on Genetic Algorithm in Dual Transform Domain

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Qiuling Wu ◽  
Aiyan Qu ◽  
Dandan Huang ◽  
Lejun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Audio Watermarking ◽  
Transform Domain ◽  
Blind Audio Watermarking ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Payload Capacity ◽  
Minimal Modification ◽  
Watermarking Scheme ◽  
Dual Transform ◽  
Audio Media

In order to protect the copyright of audio media in cyberspace, a robust and blind audio watermarking scheme based on the genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed in a dual transform domain. A formula for calculating the embedding depth is developed, and two embedding depths with different values are used to represent the “1” and “0” states of the binary watermark, respectively. In the extracting process, the embedding depth in each audio fragment will be calculated and compared with the average embedding depth to determine the watermark bit by bit, so this scheme can blindly extract the watermark without the original audio. GA will be applied to optimize the algorithm parameters for meeting the performance requirements in different applications. Besides, the embedding rule is further optimized to enhance the transparency based on the principle of minimal modification to the audio. Experimental results prove that the payload capacity reaches 172.27 bps, the bit error rate (BER) is 0.1% under the premise that its transparency is higher than 25 dB, and its robustness is strong against many attacks. Significantly, this scheme can adaptively select the algorithm parameters to satisfy the specific performance requirements.

scholarly journals High-capacity, transparent and robust blind audio watermarking scheme based DWT and TLBO algorithm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Joudaki ◽  
Marjan Abdeyazdan ◽  
Mohammad Mosleh
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Audio Signal ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Audio Watermarking ◽  
Blind Audio Watermarking ◽  
Tlbo Algorithm ◽  
Payload Capacity ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Specific Frequency

Abstract Digital watermarking is one of the best solutions again the copyright infringement, duplicates, verifies data and illegal distribution of digital media. Recently, the protection of digital audio signals is one of the attracting and interesting topics for scientific and researchers. In this paper we propose a blind audio watermarking mechanism in which it has high capacity, transparency and resistance simultaneously based on digital wavelet transform (DWT) algorithm. The key principle of this work is that in the DWT procedure, using two filters; break down the original audio signal into several sub-bands and transform them on a specific frequency range. It should be noted that the 8 bits of watermarked signal is selected and transform to the original signal. In order to increase the watermarking resistance, framing the high frequency coefficients of the third level of the wavelet and calculate the frames average and place them in the frame memory prime. Moreover, TLBO algorithm used to determination of embedding and extraction coefficients in order to increase the SNR ratio in the embedding process and decrease the bit error rate (BER) in the extraction process. This method increases the embedding payload capacity while the audio SNR and extracted image BER have good qualify. Moreover, experimental results shown that this method has 13kbs hiding rate,ascendency imperceptibility, good payload capacity and intense robustness when resisting against various attacks such as MP3 compression, re-quantization, low-pass filtering, amplitude scaling, re-sampling, echo addition and noise corruption.

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