P89. Genomically integrated transgenes are conditionally manipulable to be expressed in the neural crest-specific cell lineage

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. S47
Author(s):  
Y. Yokota ◽  
D. Saito ◽  
Y. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Specific Cell

Cell lineage analysis in neural crest ontogeny

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Le Douarin ◽  
Elisabeth Dupin
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Lineage Analysis

scholarly journals Development of the Schwann cell lineage: From the neural crest to the myelinated nerve

Glia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (14) ◽  
pp. 1481-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Woodhoo ◽  
Lukas Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Myelinated Nerve

scholarly journals 78 NONINVASIVE CELL LINEAGE TRACING IN BOVINE EMBRYOS FROM 2-CELL STAGE UP TO BLASTOCYST STAGE

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
L. P. Sepulveda-Rincon ◽  
D. Dube ◽  
P. Adenot ◽  
L. Laffont ◽  
S. Ruffini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Daughter Cells ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Allocation Patterns

The first lineage specification occurs during pre-implantation mammalian development. At the blastocyst stage, 2 cell lineages can be distinguished: the inner cell mass (ICM) and the trophectoderm (TE). The exact timing when embryo cells are skewed to these lineages is not clearly determined in mammalian species. In murine embryos, it has been suggested that the first cleavage plane might be related to the embryonic-abembryonic (Em-Ab) axis at blastocyst stage. Thus, the daughter cells of the 2-cell embryo might already be predisposed to a specific cell lineage further on development. The objective of the present study was to observe how the first cleavage in bovine embryos may be related to cell lineage allocation at the blastocyst stage, using a noninvasive tracing approach. Bovine oocytes were harvested, in vitro matured, and fertilised. At the 2-cell stage, embryos were injected in one blastomere with the membrane tracer DiI. At the blastocyst stage, embryos (n = 346) were classified as orthogonal when the Em-Ab axis was orthogonally divided by the borderline between labelled and non-labelled cells; as deviant if the borderline was overlapping the Em-Ab axis; and as random when the labelled and non-labelled cells were randomly distributed. Total cell count (TCC) and the ICM/TE ratio was allowed by DNA staining with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and by immunostaining of the ICM with Sox2 antibody. Analysis of variance was performed by one-way ANOVA employing IBM SPSS v21 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) to determine any difference between the cell lineage allocation patterns, TCC, and the ICM/TE ratio. P-values = 0.05 were considered significant. All values are reported as mean ± standard error of mean. Within 40 repetitions, the blastocyst classification was as follows: orthogonal 14.9% (±2.32, n = 56), deviant 22.2% (±2.58, n = 80), and random 62.9% (±2.64, n = 210). A significant difference was found in the incidence between the random group against the orthogonal and deviant, but not between the latter two. Regarding TCC, a significant difference was observed only between the orthogonal (99.6 ± 11.7 cells, n = 15) and deviant (135 ± 7.3 cells, n = 25) groups, but not with random embryos (116 ± 5.5 cells, n = 42). Finally, no significant difference was found among the groups concerning the ICM/TE ratio (0.43 ± 0.07 for orthogonal, n = 7; 0.54 ± 0.06 for deviant, n = 14; and 0.40 ± 0.03 for random embryos, n = 26). In conclusion, bovine embryos present a marked tendency for a random distribution of the daughter cells derived from the 2-cell blastomeres. However, around 37% of the blastocysts present a patterned cell division, where the daughter cells remain together through pre-implantation development. The effect of these cell lineage allocation patterns on implantation and further embryo development needs to be addressed.The authors acknowledge Laboratoire d'Excellence Revive (Investissement d'Avenir, ANR-10-LABX-73) and CONACyT Mexico for funding.

Fate of the mammalian cranial neural crest during tooth and mandibular morphogenesis

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (8) ◽  
pp. 1671-1679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Chai ◽  
X. Jiang ◽  
Y. Ito ◽  
P. Bringas ◽  
J. Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Branchial Arch ◽  
Mouse Line ◽  
Cranial Neural Crest ◽  
Two Component

Neural crest cells are multipotential stem cells that contribute extensively to vertebrate development and give rise to various cell and tissue types. Determination of the fate of mammalian neural crest has been inhibited by the lack of appropriate markers. Here, we make use of a two-component genetic system for indelibly marking the progeny of the cranial neural crest during tooth and mandible development. In the first mouse line, Cre recombinase is expressed under the control of the Wnt1 promoter as a transgene. Significantly, Wnt1 transgene expression is limited to the migrating neural crest cells that are derived from the dorsal CNS. The second mouse line, the ROSA26 conditional reporter (R26R), serves as a substrate for the Cre-mediated recombination. Using this two-component genetic system, we have systematically followed the migration and differentiation of the cranial neural crest (CNC) cells from E9.5 to 6 weeks after birth. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that CNC cells contribute to the formation of condensed dental mesenchyme, dental papilla, odontoblasts, dentine matrix, pulp, cementum, periodontal ligaments, chondrocytes in Meckel's cartilage, mandible, the articulating disc of temporomandibular joint and branchial arch nerve ganglia. More importantly, there is a dynamic distribution of CNC- and non-CNC-derived cells during tooth and mandibular morphogenesis. These results are a first step towards a comprehensive understanding of neural crest cell migration and differentiation during mammalian craniofacial development. Furthermore, this transgenic model also provides a new tool for cell lineage analysis and genetic manipulation of neural-crest-derived components in normal and abnormal embryogenesis.

Interactions between rhombomeres modulate Krox-20 and follistatin expression in the chick embryo hindbrain

Development ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Graham ◽  
A. Lumsden
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Signalling Molecule ◽  
Neighbour Interaction

The rhombomeres of the embryonic hindbrain display compartment properties, including cell lineage restriction, genetic definition and modular anatomical phenotype. Consistent with the idea that rhombomeres are autonomous developmental units, previous studies have shown that certain aspects of rhombomere phenotype are determined early, at the time of rhombomere formation. By contrast, the apoptotic depletion of neural crest from rhombomeres 3 and 5 is due to an interaction with their neighbouring rhombomeres, involving the signalling molecule Bmp4. In this paper, we have examined whether inter-rhombomere interactions control further aspects of rhombomere phenotype. We find that the expression of Krox-20 and the repression of follistatin in r3 is dependent upon neighbour interaction, whereas these genes are expressed autonomously in r5. We further demonstrate that modulation of Krox-20 and follistatin expression is not dependent on Bmp4, indicating the existence of multiple pathways of interaction between adjacent rhombomeres. We also show that, although some phenotypic aspects of r3 are controlled by neighbour interactions, the axial identity of the segment is intrinsically determined.

scholarly journals Polymeric sheet actuators with programmable bioinstructivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 1895-1901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijun Deng ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Xun Xu ◽  
Oliver E. C. Gould ◽  
Karl Kratz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Polymer Actuator ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Functional Biomaterials ◽  
Biochemical Signals

Stem cells are capable of sensing and processing environmental inputs, converting this information to output a specific cell lineage through signaling cascades. Despite the combinatorial nature of mechanical, thermal, and biochemical signals, these stimuli have typically been decoupled and applied independently, requiring continuous regulation by controlling units. We employ a programmable polymer actuator sheet to autonomously synchronize thermal and mechanical signals applied to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Using a grid on its underside, the shape change of polymer sheet, as well as cell morphology, calcium (Ca2+) influx, and focal adhesion assembly, could be visualized and quantified. This paper gives compelling evidence that the temperature sensing and mechanosensing of MSCs are interconnected via intracellular Ca2+. Up-regulated Ca2+ levels lead to a remarkable alteration of histone H3K9 acetylation and activation of osteogenic related genes. The interplay of physical, thermal, and biochemical signaling was utilized to accelerate the cell differentiation toward osteogenic lineage. The approach of programmable bioinstructivity provides a fundamental principle for functional biomaterials exhibiting multifaceted stimuli on differentiation programs. Technological impact is expected in the tissue engineering of periosteum for treating bone defects.

scholarly journals Analyzing Impetus of Regenerative Cellular Therapeutics in Myocardial Infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Long Chang ◽  
Yu-Jui Chiu ◽  
Jian-Sing Li ◽  
Khoot-Peng Cheah ◽  
Hsiu-Hu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Paracrine Factors ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Made In

Both vasculature and myocardium in the heart are excessively damaged following myocardial infarction (MI), hence therapeutic strategies for treating MI hearts should concurrently aim for true cardiac repair by introducing new cardiomyocytes to replace lost or injured ones. Of them, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have long been considered a promising candidate for cell-based therapy due to their unspecialized, proliferative differentiation potential to specific cell lineage and, most importantly, their capacity of secreting beneficial paracrine factors which further promote neovascularization, angiogenesis, and cell survival. As a consequence, the differentiated MSCs could multiply and replace the damaged tissues to and turn into tissue- or organ-specific cells with specialized functions. These cells are also known to release potent anti-fibrotic factors including matrix metalloproteinases, which inhibit the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts, thereby attenuating fibrosis. To achieve the highest possible therapeutic efficacy of stem cells, the other interventions, including hydrogels, electrical stimulations, or platelet-derived biomaterials, have been supplemented, which have resulted in a narrow to broad range of outcomes. Therefore, this article comprehensively analyzed the progress made in stem cells and combinatorial therapies to rescue infarcted myocardium.

Cell Lineage Segregation during Neural Crest Ontogeny

1990 ◽  
Vol 599 (1 Cell Lineages) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICOLE M. DOUARIN
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Lineage
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