Intercalate or invaginate: PI(3,4,5)P3 governs a membrane constriction switch in cell shaping

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (18) ◽  
pp. 2542-2544
Author(s):  
Gabriel Baonza ◽  
Gonzalo Herranz ◽  
Fernando Martin-Belmonte
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shaping

scholarly journals Chitosan Micro-Grooved Membranes with Increased Asymmetry for the Improvement of the Schwann Cell Response in Nerve Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7901
Author(s):  
Luca Scaccini ◽  
Roberta Mezzena ◽  
Alessia De Masi ◽  
Mariacristina Gagliardi ◽  
Giovanna Gambarotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injuries ◽  
Cell Shaping ◽  
Micro Pattern ◽  
Chitosan Scaffolds ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Levels

Peripheral nerve injuries are a common condition in which a nerve is damaged, affecting more than one million people every year. There are still no efficient therapeutic treatments for these injuries. Artificial scaffolds can offer new opportunities for nerve regeneration applications; in this framework, chitosan is emerging as a promising biomaterial. Here, we set up a simple and effective method for the production of micro-structured chitosan films by solvent casting, with high fidelity in the micro-pattern reproducibility. Three types of chitosan directional micro-grooved patterns, presenting different levels of symmetricity, were developed for application in nerve regenerative medicine: gratings (GR), isosceles triangles (ISO) and scalene triangles (SCA). The directional patterns were tested with a Schwann cell line. The most asymmetric topography (SCA), although it polarized the cell shaping less efficiently, promoted higher cell proliferation and a faster cell migration, both individually and collectively, with a higher directional persistence of motion. Overall, the use of micro-structured asymmetrical directional topographies may be exploited to enhance the nerve regeneration process mediated by chitosan scaffolds.

Microtubular configurations during endosperm development in Phaseolus vulgaris

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1489-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. XuHan ◽  
A. A. M. Van Lammeren
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Related Cell ◽  
Cellular Endosperm ◽  
Cell Shaping

Microtubular cytoskeletons in nuclear, alveolar, and cellular endosperm of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) were analyzed immunocytochemically and by electron microscopy to reveal their function during cellularization. Nuclear endosperm showed a fine network of microtubules between the wide-spaced nuclei observed towards the chalazal pole. Near the embryo, where nuclei were densely packed, bundles of microtubules radiated from nuclei. They were formed just before alveolus formation and functioned in spacing nuclei and in forming internuclear, phragmoplast-like structures that gave rise to nonmitosis-related cell plates. During alveolus formation cell plates extended and fused with other newly formed walls, thus forming the walls of alveoli. Growing wall edges of cell plates exhibited arrays of microtubules perpendicular to the plane of the wall, initially. When two growing walls were about to fuse, microtubules of both walls interacted, and because of the interaction of microtubules, the cell walls changed their position. When a growing wall was about to fuse with an already existing wall, such interactions between microtubules were not observed. It is therefore concluded that interactions of microtubules of fusing walls influence shape and position of walls. Thus microtubules control the dynamics of cell wall positioning and initial cell shaping. Key words: cell wall, cellularization, endosperm, microtubule, Phaseolus vulgaris.

Microtubules and cell shaping in the mesophyll ofNigella damascena L.

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 173 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Wernicke ◽  
P. G�nther ◽  
G. Jung
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shaping

Cell-Shaping Micropatterns for Quantitative Super-Resolution Microscopy Imaging of Membrane Mechanosensing Proteins

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (33) ◽  
pp. 27575-27586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Fernandez ◽  
Markville Bautista ◽  
Ramunas Stanciauskas ◽  
Taerin Chung ◽  
Fabien Pinaud
Keyword(s):  
Super Resolution ◽  
Microscopy Imaging ◽  
Cell Shaping ◽  
Super Resolution Microscopy

scholarly journals Reactive oxygen species mediate conical cell shaping in Arabidopsis thaliana petals

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. e1007705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xie Dang ◽  
Peihang Yu ◽  
Yajun Li ◽  
Yanqiu Yang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Shaping ◽  
Conical Cell

Adhesive-ligand-independent cell-shaping controlled by the lateral deformability of a condensed polymer matrix

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayaka Masaike ◽  
Saori Sasaki ◽  
Hiroyuki Ebata ◽  
Kosuke Moriyama ◽  
Satoru Kidoaki
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Cell Shaping

Modulation of epidermal cell shaping and extracellular matrix during caudal fin morphogenesis in the zebra fish Brachydanio rerio

Development ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-161
Author(s):  
P. J. Dane ◽  
J. B. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Brachydanio Rerio ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Cell Shaping ◽  
Subsequent Conversion ◽  
Direct Contrast ◽  
Fold Formation

Distinct changes in epidermal cell shaping largely define the overall pattern of growth and form during generation of the ectodermal ridge and early stages of fin fold morphogenesis. The epidermal portion of the ridge and early fin fold are formed from a strip of epidermal cells that is only six to nine cells wide. There is apparently no increase in the number of these cells during initial formation of the ridge and its subsequent conversion into a fin fold which contains extracellular matrix fibres. Epidermal cells adopt a wedge-shaped morphology during ridge production. Distinct changes in the shaping and contact relationships between basal portions of these cells generate intercellular spaces at several discrete loci within the ridge. These spaces become continuous with each other to form a subepidermal space. Hence, the subepidermal space is not produced by straightforward folding of an epidermal sheet. Cells flanking the sides of the ridge start to flatten as it is converted into a fin fold. A continuous row of distinctive cells is positioned along the apex of the developing fold. The term ‘cleft cells’ is suggested for these apical cells. Each cleft cell retains a wedge-shaped form during fold formation and develops a basal cleft-shaped invagination. Invaginations are aligned in neighbouring cleft cells so that these cells cap the distal boundary of the subepidermal space where collagenous extracellular fibres called actinotrichia run anteroposteriorly along the length of the fin fold. This orientation is in direct contrast to the proximodistal orientation of actinotrichia within the remainder of the subepidermal space. During early stages of fold production a temporary set of previously unreported extracellular cross fibres spans the subepidermal space at right angles to actinotrichia. These configurations of extracellular fibres could be advantageous for maintaining the structural integrity of the early fin fold.

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