Bovine Respiratory Disease Treatment Failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-496
Author(s):  
Calvin W. Booker ◽  
Brian V. Lubbers
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Disease Treatment

scholarly journals A retrospective analysis of risk factors associated with bovine respiratory disease treatment failure in feedlot cattle1

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 1521-1527
Author(s):  
T. D. Avra ◽  
K. M. Abell ◽  
D. D. Shane ◽  
M. E. Theurer ◽  
R. L. Larson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Factors Associated

Bovine respiratory disease treatment failure: definition and impact

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-174
Author(s):  
Calvin W. Booker
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Employee Morale ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Carcass Disposal ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts

AbstractBovine respiratory disease (BRD) treatment failure occurs when animals receiving a treatment regimen for BRD fail to directly return to health, resulting in chronic illness and a requirement for repeated treatments, sale for salvage slaughter, euthanasia or death. BRD treatment failure has both direct and indirect impacts. Direct impacts include costs to manage chronically ill animals, including those associated with BRD relapse treatment; reduced returns from animals sent for salvage slaughter, loss of the initial investment to purchase the animal and feed and other accumulated expenses to death, and costs associated with carcass disposal. Indirect impacts include costs of infrastructure requirements, and negative effects on animal welfare and employee morale.

Components of a risk assessment tool for prevention and control of bovine respiratory disease in preweaned dairy calves

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sharif S. Aly ◽  
Betsy M. Karle ◽  
Deniece R. Williams ◽  
Gabriele U. Maier ◽  
Sasha Dubrovsky
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
And Control ◽  
Management Changes

Abstract Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the leading natural cause of death in US beef and dairy cattle, causing the annual loss of more than 1 million animals and financial losses in excess of $700 million. The multiple etiologies of BRD and its complex web of risk factors necessitate a herd-specific intervention plan for its prevention and control on dairies. Hence, a risk assessment is an important tool that producers and veterinarians can utilize for a comprehensive assessment of the management and host factors that predispose calves to BRD. The current study identifies the steps taken to develop the first BRD risk assessment tool and its components, namely the BRD risk factor questionnaire, the BRD scoring system, and a herd-specific BRD control and prevention plan. The risk factor questionnaire was designed to inquire on aspects of calf-rearing including management practices that affect calf health generally, and BRD specifically. The risk scores associated with each risk factor investigated in the questionnaire were estimated based on data from two observational studies. Producers can also estimate the prevalence of BRD in their calf herds using a smart phone or tablet application that facilitates selection of a true random sample of calves for scoring using the California BRD scoring system. Based on the risk factors identified, producers and herd veterinarians can then decide the management changes needed to mitigate the calf herd's risk for BRD. A follow-up risk assessment after a duration of time sufficient for exposure of a new cohort of calves to the management changes introduced in response to the risk assessment is recommended to monitor the prevalence of BRD.

Development and application of molecular diagnostics and proteomics to bovine respiratory disease (BRD)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
John Dustin Loy
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Ionization Time ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pcr Technology ◽  
Multiple Pathogens

Abstract Advances in molecular and proteomic technologies and methods have enabled new diagnostic tools for bovine respiratory pathogens that are high-throughput, rapid, and extremely sensitive. Classically, diagnostic testing for these pathogens required culture-based approaches that required days to weeks and highly trained technical staff to conduct. However, new advances such as multiplex hydrolysis probe-based real-time PCR technology have enabled enhanced and rapid detection of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) pathogens in a variety of clinical specimens. These tools provide many advantages and have shown superiority over culture for co-infections/co-detections where multiple pathogens are present. Additionally, the integration of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MS) into veterinary diagnostic labs has revolutionized the ability to rapidly identify bacterial pathogens associated with BRD. Recent applications of this technology include the ability to type these opportunistic pathogens to the sub-species level (specifically Mannheimia haemolytica) using MS-based biomarkers, to allow for the identification of bacterial genotypes associated with BRD versus genotypes that are more likely to be commensal in nature.

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