scholarly journals “Cognitive Reserve and Regional Brain Volume in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis”

Cortex ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna G.M. Temp ◽  
Johannes Prudlo ◽  
Stefan Vielhaber ◽  
Judith Machts ◽  
Andreas Hermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Regional Brain ◽  
Regional Brain Volume ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

scholarly journals Cognitive reserve in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): a population-based longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
pp. jnnp-2020-324992
Author(s):  
Emmet Costello ◽  
James Rooney ◽  
Marta Pinto-Grau ◽  
Tom Burke ◽  
Marwa Elamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

BackgroundAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is often associated with cognitive and/or behavioural impairment. Cognitive reserve (CR) may play a protective role in offsetting cognitive impairment. This study examined the relationship between CR and longitudinal change in cognition in an Irish ALS cohort.MethodsLongitudinal neuropsychological assessment was carried out on 189 patients over 16 months using the Edinburgh cognitive and behavioural ALS screen (ECAS) and an additional battery of neuropsychological tests. CR was measured by combining education, occupation and physical activity data. Joint longitudinal and time-to-event models were fitted to investigate the associations between CR, performance at baseline and decline over time while controlling for non-random drop-out.ResultsCR was a significant predictor of baseline neuropsychological performance, with high CR patients performing better than those with medium or low CR. Better cognitive performance in high CR individuals was maintained longitudinally for ECAS, social cognition, executive functioning and confrontational naming. Patients displayed little cognitive decline over the course of the study, despite controlling for non-random drop-out.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that CR plays a role in the presentation of cognitive impairment at diagnosis but is not protective against cognitive decline. However, further research is needed to examine the interaction between CR and other objective correlates of cognitive impairment in ALS.

Brain Volume Loss During the First Year of Interferon-Beta Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis: Baseline Inflammation and Regional Brain Volume Dynamics

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Vidal-Jordana ◽  
Jaume Sastre-Garriga ◽  
Francisco Pérez-Miralles ◽  
Deborah Pareto ◽  
Jordi Rio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Interferon Beta ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
First Year ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Brain Volume Loss ◽  
Regional Brain ◽  
Regional Brain Volume

Absence of regional brain volume change in schizophrenia associated with short-term atypical antipsychotic treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. McClure ◽  
Khary Carew ◽  
Stacy Greeter ◽  
Emily Maushauer ◽  
Grant Steen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Volume Change ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Regional Brain ◽  
Regional Brain Volume

scholarly journals Effect of Weight Class on Regional Brain Volume, Cognition, and Other Neuropsychiatric Outcomes among Professional Fighters

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Michael J.C. Bray ◽  
Jerry Tsai ◽  
Barry R. Bryant ◽  
Bharat R. Narapareddy ◽  
Lisa N. Richey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Volume ◽  
Weight Class ◽  
Regional Brain ◽  
Regional Brain Volume

Effect of Professional Fighters' Weight Class on Regional Brain Volume, Cognition, and Other Neuropsychiatric Outcomes

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (1 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S10.1-S10
Author(s):  
Michael Johnathan Char Bray ◽  
Jerry Tsai ◽  
Barry Bryant ◽  
Bharat Narapareddy ◽  
Lisa N. Richey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Volume ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Weight Class ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Regional Brain ◽  
Left Thalamus ◽  
Regional Brain Volume

ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between professional fighter weight class and neuropsychiatric outcomes.BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common source of functional impairment among athletes, military personnel, and the general population. Professional fighters in both boxing and mixed martial arts (MMA) are at particular risk for repetitive TBI and may provide valuable insight into both the pathophysiology of TBI and its consequences. Currently, effects of fighter weight class on brain volumetrics (regional and total) and functional outcomes are unknown.Design/Methodsn = 53 boxers and n = 103 MMA fighters participating in the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study (PRBHS) underwent volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropsychological testing. Fighters were divided into lightweight (=139.9 lb), middleweight (140.0–178.5 lb), and heavyweight (>178.5 lb).ResultsCompared with lightweight fighters, heavyweights displayed greater yearly reductions in regional brain volume (boxers: bilateral thalami; MMA: left thalamus, right putamen) and functional performance (boxers: processing speed, simple and choice reaction; MMA: Trails A and B tests). Lightweights suffered greater reductions in regional brain volume on a per-fight basis (boxers: left thalamus; MMA: right putamen). Heavyweight fighters bore greater yearly burden of regional brain volume and functional decrements, possibly related to differing fight dynamics and force of strikes in this division. Lightweights demonstrated greater volumetric decrements on a per-fight basis.ConclusionsAlthough more research is needed, greater per-fight decrements in lightweights may be related to practices of weight-cutting, which may increase vulnerability to neurodegeneration post-TBI. Observed decrements associated with weight class may result in progressive impairments in fighter performance, suggesting interventions mitigating the burden of TBI in professional fighters may both improve brain health and increase professional longevity.

The interplay among education, brain metabolism, and cognitive impairment suggests a role of cognitive reserve in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 205-213
Author(s):  
Antonio Canosa ◽  
Francesca Palumbo ◽  
Barbara Iazzolino ◽  
Laura Peotta ◽  
Francesca Di Pede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Brain Metabolism ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis
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