Functional segregation of executive control network and frontoparietal network in Alzheimer's disease

Cortex ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 36-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghua Zhao ◽  
Xiaoshuang Sang ◽  
Hichem Metmer ◽  
Zar nawab N.K. Swati ◽  
Jianfeng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Executive Control Network ◽  
Frontoparietal Network

P4-143: Differences in Executive Control Network in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease Post-Aerobic Exercise Intervention

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. P1068-P1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra Jessica Anor ◽  
Namita Multani ◽  
Alison Lake ◽  
Sally Moy ◽  
Karen Misquitta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Executive Control Network

IC-P-177: Differences in Executive Control Network in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease Post-Aerobic Exercise Intervention

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. P129-P129
Author(s):  
Cassandra Jessica Anor ◽  
Namita Multani ◽  
Alison Lake ◽  
Sally Moy ◽  
Karen Misquitta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Executive Control Network

scholarly journals Characteristics of executive control network function based on a lateralized version of the ANT-R test in athletes from open skill sports: An fNIRS study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Yu ◽  
Yi B. Liu ◽  
Guang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Executive Control Network ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Frontoparietal Network ◽  
The Right ◽  
Flanker Interference

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to investigate the executive control network function characteristics of interceptive and strategic sports athletes from open skill sports. In order to do so, we used a revised lateralized attention network task to measure executive control efficiency and activation related to flanker interference changes on the right frontoparietal network using functional near-infrared spectroscopy in athletes from different sport sub-categories. Strategic athletes had higher accuracy and lower flanker conflict effects on accuracy, as well as longer reaction time and stronger conflict effects under the valid cue and invalid cue conditions. This was accompanied by higher activity in the right inferior frontal gyrus. These results extend the evidence suggesting that differences among interceptive sports and strategic sports athletes are due to the former using higher velocities to solve conflicts, and the latter using higher accuracy in the same tasks. These effects are attributed to differences in the right frontoparietal network.

scholarly journals Fatigue in Gulf War Illness is associated with tonically high activation in the executive control network

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 101641 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R. Wylie ◽  
H. Genova ◽  
E. Dobryakova ◽  
J. DeLuca ◽  
N. Chiaravalloti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Gulf War Illness ◽  
High Activation ◽  
Executive Control Network

scholarly journals Alzheimer Cells on Their Way to Derailment Show Selective Changes in Protein Quality Control Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margreet B. Koopman ◽  
Stefan G. D. Rüdiger
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Protein Quality Control ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Shock Proteins

Alzheimer’s Disease is driven by protein aggregation and is characterized by accumulation of Tau protein into neurofibrillary tangles. In healthy neurons the cellular protein quality control is successfully in charge of protein folding, which raises the question to which extent this control is disturbed in disease. Here, we describe that brain cells in Alzheimer’s Disease show very specific derailment of the protein quality control network. We performed a meta-analysis on the Alzheimer’s Disease Proteome database, which provides a quantitative assessment of disease-related proteome changes in six brain regions in comparison to age-matched controls. We noted that levels of all paralogs of the conserved Hsp90 chaperone family are reduced, while most other chaperones – or their regulatory co-chaperones - do not change in disease. The notable exception is a select group consisting of the stress inducible HSP70, its nucleotide exchange factor BAG3 – which links the Hsp70 system to autophagy - and neuronal small heat shock proteins, which are upregulated in disease. They are all members of a cascade controlled in the stress response, channeling proteins towards a pathway of chaperone assisted selective autophagy. Together, our analysis reveals that in an Alzheimer’s brain, with exception of Hsp90, the players of the protein quality control are still present in full strength, even in brain regions most severely affected in disease. The specific upregulation of small heat shock proteins and HSP70:BAG3, ubiquitous in all brain areas analyzed, may represent a last, unsuccessful attempt to advert cell death.

scholarly journals Reduced interhemispheric executive control network coupling in men during early cocaine abstinence: A pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie M. McCarthy ◽  
Chun S. Zuo ◽  
Justin M. Shepherd ◽  
Nadeeka Dias ◽  
Scott E. Lukas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Executive Control Network

scholarly journals Delaying Onset of Dementia: Are Two Languages Enough?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris Freedman ◽  
Suvarna Alladi ◽  
Howard Chertkow ◽  
Ellen Bialystok ◽  
Fergus I. M. Craik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Significant Protective Effect ◽  
Multicultural Perspective

There is an emerging literature suggesting that speaking two or more languages may significantly delay the onset of dementia. Although the mechanisms are unknown, it has been suggested that these may involve cognitive reserve, a concept that has been associated with factors such as higher levels of education, occupational status, social networks, and physical exercise. In the case of bilingualism, cognitive reserve may involve reorganization and strengthening of neural networks that enhance executive control. We review evidence for protective effects of bilingualism from a multicultural perspective involving studies in Toronto and Montreal, Canada, and Hyderabad, India. Reports from Toronto and Hyderabad showed a significant effect of speaking two or more languages in delaying onset of Alzheimer’s disease by up to 5 years, whereas the Montreal study showed a significant protective effect of speaking at least four languages and a protective effect of speaking at least two languages in immigrants. Although there were differences in results across studies, a common theme was the significant effect of language use history as one of the factors in determining the onset of Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, the Hyderabad study extended the findings to frontotemporal dementia and vascular dementia.

scholarly journals EEG microstate complexity for aiding early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Tait ◽  
Francesco Tamagnini ◽  
George Stothart ◽  
Edoardo Barvas ◽  
Chiara Monaldini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Frontoparietal Network ◽  
And Control ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
Independent Cohort

AbstractIntroductionElectroencephalogram (EEG) is a potentially useful clinical tool for aiding diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We hypothesized we can increase the accuracy of EEG for aiding diagnosis of AD using microstates, which are epochs of quasi-stability at the millisecond scale.MethodsEEG was collected from two independent cohorts of AD and control participants and a cohort of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients with four-year clinical follow-up. Microstates were analysed, including a novel measure of complexity.ResultsMicrostate complexity significantly decreased in AD, and when combined with a spectral EEG measure, could classify AD with sensitivity and specificity >80%. These results were validated on an independent cohort and were also found to be generalizable to predict progression from MCI to AD. Additionally, microstates associated with the frontoparietal network were altered in AD.DiscussionEEG has the potential to be a non-invasive functional biomarker that predicts progression from MCI to AD.

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