Heart rate reduction via selective ‘funny’ channel blockers

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
A BUCCHI ◽  
A BARBUTI ◽  
M BARUSCOTTI ◽  
D DIFRANCESCO
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Heart Rate Reduction ◽  
Rate Reduction

Role of Heart Rate Reduction in the Management of Myocarditis

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Guang-Yi ◽  
Ge Li-Sha ◽  
Li Yue-Chun
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Viral Myocarditis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Heart Rate Reduction ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Biological Technique

The morbidity of myocarditis demonstrates an upward tendency by years, is commonly defined as the inflammation of myocytes and is caused by multiple factors. With the development of the molecular biological technique, great breakthroughs in the diagnosis and understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of myocarditis have recently been achieved. Several questions remain unresolved, however, including standard treatment approaches to myocarditis, which remain controversial and ambiguous. Heart rate, as an independent risk factor, has been shown to be related to cardiac disease. Recent studies also show that the autonomic nervous system is involved in immunomodulatory myocarditis processes. Heart rate reduction treatment is recommended in myocarditis based on a number of animal experiments and clinical trials. It is possible that heart rate-lowering treatments can help to attenuate the inflammatory response and myocyte injury and reverse ventricular remodeling. However, how to execute the protective effects of heart rate reduction on myocarditis is still not clear. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis and pathophysiological process of viral myocarditis and propose heart rate lowering as a therapeutic target for myocarditis, especially in light of the third-generation β-blockade carvedilol and funny channel blocker ivabradine. We also highlight some additional beneficial effects of such heart rate reduction agents, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, anti-nitrosative stress, anti-fibrosis and antiapoptosis properties.

scholarly journals Heart Rate Reduction Strategy Improves Survival in Children with Severe Dilated Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. S122
Author(s):  
R. Adorisio ◽  
E. Mencarelli ◽  
N. Cantarutti ◽  
L. Amato ◽  
M. Ciabattini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Heart Rate Reduction ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Reduction Strategy

scholarly journals Heart rate reduction and exercise performance in recent onset heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: arguments for beta-blocker hypo-response

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-572
Author(s):  
Frederik H. Verbrugge ◽  
Jeroen Vrijsen ◽  
Jan Vercammen ◽  
Lars Grieten ◽  
Matthias Dupont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Beta Blocker ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Heart Rate Reduction ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Recent Onset

Pharmacologic Heart Rate Reduction: Effect of a Novel, Specific Bradycardic Agent on the Heart

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (02) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Granetzny ◽  
U. Schwanke ◽  
C. Schmitz ◽  
G. Arnold ◽  
D. Schäfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Reduction ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Bradycardic Agent ◽  
Reduction Effect

scholarly journals Should We Consider Heart Rate Reduction in Cardiac Transplant Recipients?

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baskar Sekar ◽  
William R. Critchley ◽  
Simon G. Williams ◽  
Steven M. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Transplant ◽  
Heart Rate Reduction ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Rate Reduction

scholarly journals Chronic Heart Rate Reduction Facilitates Cardiomyocyte Survival After Myocardial Infarction

2010 ◽  
Vol 293 (5) ◽  
pp. 839-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong-Lin Zhang ◽  
Lance P. Christensen ◽  
Robert J. Tomanek
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Reduction ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Survival

Abstract 477: Selective Heart Rate Reduction Via Inhibition Of The I F -current Prevents Atherosclerosis And Improves Endothelial And Erectile Function In Apoe −/− Mice

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Custodis ◽  
Magnus Baumhaekel ◽  
Nils Schlimmer ◽  
Franka List ◽  
Christoph Gensch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Heart Rate Reduction ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Aortic Sinus ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction : Elevated resting heart rate (HR) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Erectile dysfunction is associated with endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis due to similar risk factors. We hypothesized that HR reduction may influence endothelial- and erectile function and tested the effects of the I f -current inhibitor ivabradine in ApoE−/− mice. Methods and Results: Male ApoE−/− mice fed a high-cholesterol diet were treated with ivabradine (iva) (10 mg/kg/d p.o.) or vehicle (n=10 per group) for 6 weeks. Treatment with ivabradine reduced HR by 13.4% (iva 472±9 bpm vs vehicle 545±11 bpm, p<0.01). High cholesterol feeding led to severe atherosclerosis in the aortic sinus and the aorta. Ivabradine reduced atherosclerotic plaque size in the aortic root from 32±4% to 18±2% and in the ascending aorta from 26±4% to 7±1% (p<0,05). Endothelium dependent relaxation of aortic rings and corpora cavernosa to carbachol was significantly improved in ivabradine fed ApoE−/− mice compared to controls (p<0.01). Aortic eNOS mRNA expression, quantified by real time PCR with the TaqMan system was upregulated to 156±11% (p<0.05) in aortic rings after treatment with ivabradine. HR reduction led to attenuation of NADPH oxidase activity to 48±6% as measured by a lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence assay and decreased L-012 chemiluminescence to 24±9% (both p<0.05). Lipidperoxidation was reduced to 65±8% in the vasculature of the iva group compared to vehicle treatment (p<0.05). DHE fluorescence microscopy in aortic sections detected reduction of ROS release to 62±4% in ivabradine treated mice (p<0.01). Conclusions : Selective HR reduction improves endothelial as well as erectile function and reduces atherosclerotic plaque formation in ApoE−/− mice. Those functional effects are mediated by decreased oxidative stress and upregulation of endothelial NOS (eNOS). These results identify HR as a risk factor for vascular disease and support the importance of heart rate reduction in vascular prevention.

Mechanisms of Benefit in the Ischemic Myocardium due to Heart Rate Reduction

1991 ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Brain D. Guth ◽  
C. Indolfi ◽  
G. Heusch ◽  
R. Seitelberger ◽  
J. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Ischemic Myocardium ◽  
Heart Rate Reduction ◽  
Rate Reduction
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