scholarly journals On IGP link weight optimization for joint energy efficiency and load balancing improvement

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 130-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic Francois ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Klaus Moessner ◽  
Stylianos Georgoulas ◽  
Ke Xu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Load Balancing ◽  
Weight Optimization ◽  
Link Weight

Link Weight Optimization Scheme for Link Reinforcement in IP Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol E100.B (3) ◽  
pp. 417-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephane KAPTCHOUANG ◽  
Hiroki TAHARA ◽  
Eiji OKI
Keyword(s):  
Ip Networks ◽  
Weight Optimization ◽  
Optimization Scheme ◽  
Link Weight

A heuristic technique to improve energy efficiency with dynamic load balancing

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 1610-1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Cabrera ◽  
Alejandro Acosta ◽  
Francisco Almeida ◽  
Vicente Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Load Balancing ◽  
Dynamic Load ◽  
Dynamic Load Balancing ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heuristic Technique

Development of a Hybrid Algorithm for User Association and Resource Allocation to Improve Load Balancing and Energy Efficiency in 5G HetNet

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Elvis Obi ◽  
Aliyu Danjuma Usman ◽  
Suleiman Muhammad Sani ◽  
Abdoulie Momodou Sunkary Tekanyi
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Load Balancing ◽  
Bandwidth Allocation ◽  
Hybrid Algorithm ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
User Association ◽  
Network Load ◽  
Power Control Algorithm ◽  
Network Load Balancing

This paper presents the development and integration of a power control algorithm into the User Association Algorithm with Optimal Bandwidth Allocation (UAAOBA) to form a Hybrid Algorithm for User Association and Resource Allocation (HAUARA). The power control algorithm updates the transmit power of the Base Stations (BSs) towards a minimum transmit power that satisfies the minimum data rate requirement (1 Gbps) of the User Equipment UEs. The power update is achieved using the Newton Rhapson’s method and it adapts the transmit powers of the BSs to the number of their connected UEs. The developed HAUARA provides an optimal solution for user associations, bandwidth allocation, and transmit powers to UEs concurrently. This maximizes the network energy efficiency by coordinating the load fairness of the network while guaranteeing the quality of service requirement of the UEs. The network energy efficiency performance of the developed HAUARA is compared with that of the UAAOBA. The results show that the developed algorithm has network energy efficiency improvement of 12.36%, 10.58%, and 13.44% with respect to UAAOBA for increase number of macro BS antennas, pico BSs, and femto BSs, respectively. Also, the network load balancing performance of the developed HAUARA is compared with that of the UAAOBA. The results show that the developed algorithm has network load balancing improvement of 12.62%, 10.04%, and 10.34% with respect to UAAOBA for increase number of macro BS antennas, pico BSs, and femto BSs, respectively. This implies that the developed algorithm outperforms the UAAOBA in terms of network energy efficiency and load balancing.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy-Aware Sustainable Cellular Networks with Load Balancing and Energy-Sharing Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9340
Author(s):  
Md. Sanwar Hossain ◽  
Khondoker Ziaul Islam ◽  
Abu Jahid ◽  
Khondokar Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Sarwar Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Load Balancing ◽  
Outage Probability ◽  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Energy Sharing

With the proliferation of cellular networks, the ubiquitous availability of new-generation multimedia devices, and their wide-ranging data applications, telecom network operators are increasingly deploying the number of cellular base stations (BSs) to deal with unprecedented service demand. The rapid and radical deployment of the cellular network significantly exerts energy consumption and carbon footprints to the atmosphere. The ultimate objective of this work is to develop a sustainable and environmentally-friendly cellular infrastructure through compelling utilization of the locally available renewable energy sources (RES) namely solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), and biomass generator (BG). This article addresses the key challenges of envisioning the hybrid solar PV/WT/BG powered macro BSs in Bangladesh considering the dynamic profile of the RES and traffic intensity in the tempo-spatial domain. The optimal system architecture and technical criteria of the proposed system are critically evaluated with the help of HOMER optimization software for both on-grid and off-grid conditions to downsize the electricity generation cost and waste outflows while ensuring the desired quality of experience (QoE) over 20 years duration. Besides, the green energy-sharing mechanism under the off-grid condition and the grid-tied condition has been critically analyzed for optimal use of green energy. Moreover, the heuristic algorithm of the load balancing technique among collocated BSs has been incorporated for elevating the throughput and energy efficiency (EE) as well. The spectral efficiency (SE), energy efficiency, and outage probability performance of the contemplated wireless network are substantially examined using Matlab based Monte–Carlo simulation under a wide range of network configurations. Simulation results reveal that the proper load balancing technique pledges zero outage probability with expected system performance whereas energy cooperation policy offers an attractive solution for developing green mobile communications employing better utilization of renewable energy under the proposed hybrid solar PV/WT/BG scheme.

scholarly journals A Survey on the Evolution of Opportunistic Routing with Asynchronous Duty-Cycled MAC in Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4112
Author(s):  
Ayesha Akter Lata ◽  
Moonsoo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Load Balancing ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Opportunistic Routing ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Mac Layer ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been used for environmental monitoring and reporting for many decades. Energy consumption is a significant research topic because wireless sensor nodes are battery-operated to be highly energy-constrained. Several strategies have been introduced in routing and MAC (Medium Access Control) layer protocols to facilitate energy saving. At the routing layer, an energy-efficient routing protocol, known as opportunistic routing (OR), has been designed to improve efficiency. OR achieves energy efficiency via load-balancing, which forwards packets along multiple routes over WSNs. At the MAC layer, an energy-efficient MAC protocol known as the asynchronous duty-cycled MAC (ADCM) protocol achieves energy saving by turning on and off a sensor node’s transmitter and receiver to eliminate unnecessary energy wastage. These protocols each have their own advantages and disadvantages. OR achieves energy efficiency at the routing layer but it raises an issue at the MAC layer. ADCM achieves energy efficiency at the MAC layer, but it hinders the packet forwarding efficiency of the OR. To attain better energy efficiency, a combination of these two ideas led to the development of OR with asynchronous duty-cycled MAC (OR-ADCM). However, even with better energy efficiency, limitations still exist in combining load-balancing and duty-cycling due to conflicts in the inherent properties of OR and ADCM. In this paper, we present a survey of the evolution of OR-ADCM over WSNs to help the reader better understand and appreciate the details of this tradeoff, which we hope will lead to the development of better protocol designs.

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