MedDietScore: A computer program that evaluates the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern and its relation to cardiovascular disease risk

2006 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos ◽  
George A. Milias ◽  
Christos Pitsavos ◽  
Christodoulos Stefanadis
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Mediterranean, DASH, and MIND Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function: The 2-Year Longitudinal Changes in an Older Spanish Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie K. Nishi ◽  
Nancy Babio ◽  
Carlos Gómez-Martínez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
Emilio Ros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
A Priori ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Background and Aims: Plant-forward dietary patterns have been associated with cardiometabolic health benefits, which, in turn, have been related to cognitive performance with inconsistent findings. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between baseline adherence to three a priori dietary patterns (Mediterranean, DASH, and MIND diets) with 2-year changes in cognitive performance in older adults with overweight or obesity and high cardiovascular disease risk.Methods: A prospective cohort analysis was conducted within the PREDIMED-Plus trial, involving 6,647 men and women aged 55–75 years with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome. Using a validated, semiquantitative 143-item food frequency questionnaire completed at baseline, the dietary pattern adherence scores were calculated. An extensive neuropsychological test battery was administered at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were used to assess associations between 2-year changes in cognitive function z-scores across tertiles of baseline adherence to the a priori dietary patterns.Results: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet at baseline was associated with 2-year changes in the general cognitive screening Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE, β: 0.070; 95% CI: 0.014, 0.175, P-trend = 0.011), and two executive function-related assessments: the Trail Making Tests Part A (TMT-A, β: −0.054; 95% CI: −0.110, − 0.002, P-trend = 0.047) and Part B (TMT-B, β: −0.079; 95% CI: −0.134, −0.024, P-trend = 0.004). Adherence to the MIND diet was associated with the backward recall Digit Span Test assessment of working memory (DST-B, β: 0.058; 95% CI: 0.002, 0.114, P-trend = 0.045). However, higher adherence to the DASH dietary pattern was not associated with better cognitive function over a period of 2 years.Conclusion: In older Spanish individuals with overweight or obesity and at high cardiovascular disease risk, higher baseline adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern may be associated with better cognitive performance than lower adherence over a period of 2 years.

Major dietary patterns and predicted cardiovascular disease risk in an Iranian adult population

2020 ◽  
pp. 026010602095259
Author(s):  
Mahshid Shahavandi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Amini ◽  
Hossein Shahinfar ◽  
Sakineh Shab-Bidar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Predicted Risk ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

Background: Limited data are available on the association of major dietary patterns and predicted risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Aim: To investigate the association between major dietary patterns and the predicted 10-year CVD risk in an Iranian population Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 522 apparently healthy adults referred to health centers in Tehran. Usual dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The association between dietary patterns and the predicted risk of development of CVD was evaluated using linear multiple regression. Principal component analysis was used to identify major dietary patterns. Results: In total, 41% of the men ( n = 95) and 46% of women ( n = 134) were in the low risk (<10%) and 6% of men ( n = 14) and 1% of women ( n = 3) were in the high risk (> 20%) category of the FRS. A significant decrease was found for body mass index ( p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP) ( p = 0.003), diastolic blood pressure ( p = 0.005), and triglyceride ( p = 0.02) in the higher tertile of healthy dietary pattern. Adherence to an unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with a significant increase in body weight ( p = 0.03) and a significant decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( p < 0.001). The healthy dietary pattern score was negatively associated with SBP ( p = 0.04) and FRS ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: Although we observed improvements in CVD risk factors with greater adherence to healthy dietary patterns, there was no association between identified dietary patterns and the predicted risk of 10-year CVD.

scholarly journals Dietary habits and behaviors on cardiovascular disease risk factors in elders residing on the mediterranean islands

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ελένη Τουρλούκη
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Mediterranean Islands ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
And Behaviors

Καθώς ο παγκόσμιος πληθυσμός συνεχίζει να γηράσκει με ανησυχητικό ρυθμό, υπερήλικες (65 ετών και άνω) θα αποτελούν ένα μεγάλο μερίδιο του συνολικού πληθυσμού. Οι παράγοντες που ενθαρρύνουν την αύξηση μακροζωίας πρέπει να προσδιοριστούν και η επιρροή εις τόν τομέα υγείας πρέπει να διερευνηθεί. Ως αποτέλεσμα, υπάρχει μια αυξημένη ανάγκη ερευνάς ως πρός την επίδραση της διατροφής και τρόπου ζωής για καρδιαγγειακούς παράγοντες κινδύνου (όπως η υπέρταση, η υπερχοληστερολαιμία, ο διαβήτης και η παχυσαρκία), που εντείνεται όλο και περισσότερο σε πληθυσμούς ηλικιωμένων ατόμων. Συστάσεις για την υγιή γήρανση των ηλικιωμένων πρέπει να είναι ισχυρή και να εφαρμόζονται σε διάφορες δημογραφικές ομάδες. Η Μελέτη MEDIS είναι μια έρευνα για την υγεία και τη διατροφή όπου κλινικά και διαιτητικά στοιχεία συλλέχθηκαν από 1812 συμμετέχοντες από δώδεκα νησιά της Μεσογείου (10 Eλληνικά νησιά, η Δημοκρατία της Κύπρος και η Μάλτα). Ο σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να διερευνήσει διάφορους τρόπους ζωής και διατροφικών χαρακτηριστικών για υγειή (χωρίς ιστορικό καρδιαγγειακής νόσου ή καρκίνου) ηλικιωμένων πληθυσμό που κατοικούν στα νησιά της Μεσογείου. Επιπλέον, ένας μικρότερος στόχος του παρόντος έργου συμπεριλαμβάνει μια μελέτη περίπτωσης από τα βόρεια χωριά της Καρπάθου όπου έγεινε προκειμένου να καθορίσει τον πυρίνα της διατροφής ενός πληθυσμού που έχει ελάχιστα διαβρωθεί από την βιομηχανία και τον τουρισμό, και για να εξετάσει τους παράγοντες που μπορούν να συμβάουν ή να καθυστερήσουν της διαιτητικές αλλαγές. Ανάλυση των στοιχείων MEDIS δείχνουν ότι η σωματική άσκηση, διακοπή του καπνίσματος, ξεκούραση μικρής διάρκειας στη μέση της ημέρας και η τήρηση της Μεσογειακής διατροφής είναι τροποποιήσιμα χαρακτηριστικά που μπορούν να ενθαρρύνουν μία υγιή γήρανση, και ότι η τροποποίηση της διατροφής εμφανίζεται σε διάφορα ποσοστά σε όλα τα νησιά της Μεσογείου. Στοιχεία από τη μελέτη της Καρπάθου, στα βόρεια απομονωμένα χωριά της Ολύμπου και Αυλώνα δείχνουν ότι η απουσία της μηχανικής καλλιέργειας, ο κοινωνικός ρόλος των γυναικών και τα έθιμα της κληρονομιάς αποτελούν παράγοντες που μπορούν να συμβάλουν στη διατήρηση των παραδοσιακών τροφίμων. Αν συνεχίζουν οι ηλικιωμένει Μεσογειακή πληθυσμεί να διαφοροποιούν τη διατροφική συμπεριφορά τους, θα χάσουν επίσης τα οφέλη για την υγεία που συνδέονται με την παραδοσιακή μεσογειακή διατροφή. Υπάρχει μια αυξανόμενη ανάγκη να εντοπιστούν και να κατανοήσουν το ρόλο των διαφόρων χαρακτηριστικών, όπως η διατροφή στην αύξηση τις μακροζωίας και υγείας.

Mediterranean Diet Reduces Atherosclerosis Progression in Coronary Heart Disease: An Analysis of the CORDIOPREV Randomized Controlled Trial

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Jimenez-Torres ◽  
Juan F. Alcalá-Diaz ◽  
Jose D. Torres-Peña ◽  
Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal ◽  
Ana Leon-Acuña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
The Mediterranean

Background and Purpose: Lifestyle and diet affect cardiovascular risk, although there is currently no consensus about the best dietary model for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The CORDIOPREV study (Coronary Diet Intervention With Olive Oil and Cardiovascular Prevention) is an ongoing prospective, randomized, single-blind, controlled trial in 1002 coronary heart disease patients, whose primary objective is to compare the effect of 2 healthy dietary patterns (low-fat rich in complex carbohydrates versus Mediterranean diet rich in extra virgin olive oil) on the incidence of cardiovascular events. Here, we report the results of one secondary outcome of the CORDIOPREV study. Thus, to evaluate the efficacy of these diets in reducing cardiovascular disease risk. Intima-media thickness of both common carotid arteries (IMT-CC) was ultrasonically assessed bilaterally. IMT-CC is a validated surrogate for the status and future cardiovascular disease risk. Methods: From the total participants, 939 completed IMT-CC evaluation at baseline and were randomized to follow a Mediterranean diet (35% fat, 22% monounsaturated fatty acids, <50% carbohydrates) or a low-fat diet (28% fat, 12% monounsaturated fatty acids, >55% carbohydrates) with IMT-CC measurements at 5 and 7 years. We also analyzed the carotid plaque number and height. Results: The Mediterranean diet decreased IMT-CC at 5 years (−0.027±0.008 mm; P <0.001), maintained at 7 years (−0.031±0.008 mm; P <0.001), compared to baseline. The low-fat diet did not modify IMT-CC. IMT-CC and carotid plaque max height were higher decreased after the Mediterranean diet, compared to the low-fat diet, throughout follow-up. Baseline IMT-CC had the strongest association with the changes in IMT-CC after the dietary intervention. Conclusions: Long-term consumption of a Mediterranean diet rich in extravirgin olive oil, if compared to a low-fat diet, was associated with decreased atherosclerosis progression, as shown by reduced IMT-CC and carotid plaque height. These findings reinforce the clinical benefits of the Mediterranean diet in the context of secondary cardiovascular prevention. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT00924937.

Strong inverse associations of Mediterranean diet, physical activity and their combination with cardiovascular disease: The Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1186-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael Alvarez-Alvarez ◽  
Javier Pérez de Rojas ◽  
Alejandro Fernandez-Montero ◽  
Itziar Zazpe ◽  
Miguel Ruiz-Canela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Reduced Risk

Background Inverse associations of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and physical activity with cardiovascular disease have been previously reported. We investigated the individual and combined contributions of both to this inverse association in a Mediterranean cohort. Design We used data from 19,536 participants from a prospective cohort of Spanish university graduates, the ‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’ (SUN) cohort, followed up between December 1999 and December 2016. Methods Adherence to the MedDiet was obtained from a 136-item validated food-frequency questionnaire and categorized in tertiles using four previously reported dietary scores. A validated questionnaire assessed the physical activity levels according to volume, intensity and frequency. Results Participants were followed up during a median time of 10.4 years. Compared with the lowest category of adherence to the MedDiet (≤3 in the Mediterranean Diet Score), higher adherence (6–9 points) was strongly inversely associated with cardiovascular disease (multivariable adjusted hazard ratio = 0.33; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20–0.55). Also, engaging in an active lifestyle (6–8 points in an eight-item score) compared with low activity (<2 points) was associated with a reduced risk of incident cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio = 0.43; 95% CI 0.20–0.90). Greater adherence to the MedDiet and engaging in high levels of active lifestyle showed a 75% relatively reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio = 0.25; 95% CI 0.13–0.48). Conclusions The combined effect of adherence to the MedDiet and adopting an active lifestyle showed a synergistic inverse association with cardiovascular disease risk.

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